Analysis of the opinions of individuals on the COVID-19 vaccination on social media

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to threaten public health globally. To develop effective interventions and campaigns to raise vaccination rates, policy makers need to understand people's attitudes towards vaccination. We examine the perspectives of people in India, the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom on the administration of different COVID-19 vaccines. We analyse how public opinion and emotional tendencies regarding the COVID-19 vaccines relate to popular issues on social media. We employ machine learning algorithms to forecast thoughts based on the social media posts. The prevailing emotional tendency indicates that individuals have faith in immunisation. However, there is a likelihood that significant statements or events on a national, international, or political scale influence public perception of vaccinations. We show how public health officials can track public attitudes and opinions towards vaccine-related information in a geo-aware manner, respond to the sceptics, and increase the level of vaccine trust in a particular region or community

Putting the Law in its Place: Analyses of recent developments in law relating to same-sex desire in India and Uganda

This collection of essays has been jointly produced by Sexuality Policy Watch and the IDS Sexuality and Development Programme. The collection of analyses presented here juxtaposes the Indian and the Ugandan contexts with the intention of opening up new questions for struggles in both these places, but also with the objective of generating a deeper conversation amongst activists and academics about the peculiarities of Law and Politics as distinct (if connected) realms of action. One feature of these various essays is to bring about the circulation of more nuanced analyses of the particular political-economic and cultural conditions for these dramatic developments in law , which take place at the intricate intersections between global economics, national politics and the so called ‘return of the religious’ (Derrida, 1998) in dogmatic manifestations. Another aspect examined by some of the authors regards the limitations and caveats of dominant juridical, economic and scientific rationales that currently pervade political struggles and advocacy in relation to human rights

Osteoporosis in the Setting of Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review

Patients who undergo shoulder surgery are frequently affected by osteoporosis and osteopenia, and the prevalence of this association is expected to increase due to the growing number of elderly individuals undergoing these procedures. It may be advisable to conduct a preoperative DXA scan for orthopedic surgical candidates at high risk, to detect those who could benefit from early intervention and avoid any related adverse events. Some of these complications include periprosthetic fractures, infection, subsequent fragility fractures, and have an all-cause revision arthroplasty at 2 years post-op. Some studies analyzed the beneficence of antiresorptive medications pre-operatively but the latter did not show favorable outcomes. Surgical management may include cementing components of the prosthesis as well as modifying the diameter of the shoulder stem. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of any intervention, whether medical or surgical, to avoid any shoulder arthroplasty related-complication that may be precipitated by the reduced bone mineral density

Anterior Shoulder Instability and Open Procedures: History, Indications, and Clinical Outcomes

The shoulder, being the most mobile joint in the human body, is often susceptible to dislocations and subluxations more so than other joints. As such, shoulder instability constitutes a common complaint among patients worldwide, especially those who are young, participate in contact sports, and have increased innate flexibility in their joints. Management options in the setting of instability vary between conservative and surgical options that aim to mitigate symptoms and allow return of function. Surgical options can be arthroscopic and open, with a general shift among surgeons towards utilizing arthroscopic surgery in the past several decades. Nevertheless, open procedures still play a role in managing shoulder instability patients, especially those with significant bone loss, recurrent instability, coexisting shoulder pathologies, and high risk of failure with arthroscopic surgery. In these clinical settings, open procedures, like the Latarjet procedure, open Bankart repair, glenoid bone augmentation using iliac crest autograft or distal tibial allograft, and salvage options like glenohumeral arthrodesis and arthroplasty may show good clinical outcomes and low recurrence rates. Each of these open procedures possesses its own set of advantages and disadvantages and entails a specific set of indications based on published literature. It is important to cater treatment options to the individual patient in order to optimize outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. Future research on open shoulder stabilization procedures should focus on the long-term outcomes of recently utilized procedures, investigate different graft options for procedures involving bone augmentation, and conduct additional comparative analyses in order to establish concrete surgical management guidelines

Prognostic Properties of KRAS Gene Mutation Subtypes in Resected Pancreatic Cancer

Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and therapy-resistant cancer with an overall 5-year survival rate of almost 12%, making it among the most lethal of all major cancers.1 PDAC has a distinct genomic profile, with somatic KRAS protooncogene mutations in ~90% of cases.2,3 Current literature has not reached a consensus on disease prognosis based on KRAS mutation subtype.2-5https://jdc.jefferson.edu/aoa_research_symposium_posters/1005/thumbnail.jp

The Clinical Implications of KRAS Mutations and Variant Allele Frequencies in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

The KRAS proto-oncogene is a major driver of pancreatic tumorigenesis and is nearly ubiquitously mutated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). KRAS point mutations are detected in over 90% of PDAC cases, and these mutations have been shown to be associated with worse therapy response and overall survival. Pathogenic KRAS mutations are mostly limited to codons 12, 13 and 61, with G12D, G12V, G12R, Q61H, and G13D accounting for approximately 95% of the mutant cases. Emerging data have shown the importance of specific mutant subtypes, as well as KRAS variant allele frequency on clinical prognosis. Furthermore, novel technologies and therapies are being developed to target specific mutant subtypes, with encouraging early results. In this paper, we aim to review the recent studies regarding the relative impact of specific mutant KRAS subtypes on oncologic outcomes, the application of variant allele frequency in next generation sequencing analyses, and the ongoing research into therapies targeting specific mutant KRAS subtypes

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

What is the point of our existence?

This work is just casual food for thought, trying to analyze the purpose of our existence. These are some of my thoughts, straight from my head to the pen. The article tries to contemplate the different possibilities that brought life on earth, or whether there is no reason at all

Taming of the Shrewd Meyeli Chhele: A political economy of development’s sexual subject

Based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out in West Bengal, India, Akshay Khanna examines the conditions under which epidemiological knowledge about ‘men who have sex with men’ is produced and brought to circulate. He looks at conditions under which particular idioms of gender and sexuality are transformed into epidemiologically over-determined identity categories. The Sexual Subject that circulates in development praxis as an embodiment-in-the-world, it is argued, would be better understood in terms of the political economy that makes its intelligibility and circulation possible. Development (2009) 52, 43–51. doi:10.1057/dev.2008.70