Evaluation of morphologic method for the detection of nervous tissue in minced meat

Producing meat products with ingredients which are not consistent with the label is considered fraud. Due to the high economic value of meat, the use of unauthorized tissue in meat products is possible. Aside from the adulteration aspect, it is important to note that some animal tissues like the brain and the spinal cord can bear infective agents which are transmissible to humans. Based on these observations, the aim of the present study was to apply morphological method for detection of nervous tissues in minced meat. Laboratory adulterated minced beef meat; each containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of beef brain was prepared. Then each sample was divided into three parts and four paraffin embedded blocks were prepared from each part. The sections were stained using sudan black and cresyl violet and also the immunohistochemical staining with fluorescent method were applied using anti-neurofilament 200 antibody for the determination of nervous tissue. Although the neuronal cell bodies and neuronal fibers were clearly detectable in Cresyl violet staining and sudan black staining, respectively, however, staining intensity did not show any difference according to different percentages of added brain. In contrary, immunohistochemical study revealed that neurofilament 200- immunolabeling was present in all percentages of added brain samples and the intensity of the labeling varying from weak to strong consisted by the increasing the amount of brain in samples. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical technique with fluorescent method is an effective method for evaluations of additive brain tissue in minced meat with high sensitivity

Computational investigation of the solvent and temperature effects on the tautomerization of 7-amino-1,3-dioxo-2,5-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-6-carbonitrile

617-622This research examines the effects of solvent polarity and temperature on the tautomerization of 7-amino-1,3-dioxo-2, 5-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-6-carbonitrile at CAM-B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level of theory. The selected solvents are n-hexane, diethyl ether, pyridine, ethanol, methanol, and water. The solvent effects have been examined by the self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) based on conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM). The solvent effects have been explored on the energy barrier, frontier orbitals energies, and HOMO-LUMO gap. Dependencies of thermodynamic parameters (G andH) on the dielectric constants of solvents have also been tested. Specifically, the temperature dependencies of the thermodynamics parameters have been studied within 100-1000 K range. The rate constant of the tautomerism reaction is computed from 300 to 1200 K, in the gas phase

Computational investigation of the solvent and temperature effects on the tautomerization of 7-amino-1,3-dioxo-2,5-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-6-carbonitrile

This research examines the effects of solvent polarity and temperature on the tautomerization of 7-amino-1,3-dioxo-2, 5-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-6-carbonitrile at CAM-B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level of theory. The selected solvents are n-hexane, diethyl ether, pyridine, ethanol, methanol, and water. The solvent effects have been examined by the self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) based on conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM). The solvent effects have been explored on the energy barrier, frontier orbitals energies, and HOMO-LUMO gap. Dependencies of thermodynamic parameters (DG andDH) on the dielectric constants of solvents have also been tested. Specifically, the temperature dependencies of the thermodynamics parameters have been studied within 100-1000 K range. The rate constant of the tautomerism reaction is computed from 300 to 1200 K, in the gas phase