Magnetization and AC-Susceptibility of Fe-Zr Amorphous Alloys

Measurements of magnetization and ac-susceptibility of Fe-Zr amorphous alloys over the wide composition range have been carried out. The spin glass like behavior appears in two different regions of composition. The spin glass behavior in Fe-rich Fe amorphous alloys (around 90 at.% Zr) is due to the frustration of antiferromagnetic coupling between spins. The other behavior around 50 at.% is due to the dilution of atoms with magnetic moment. They are explained by the local environment effect

Age-Related Changes in the Penile Reflex of Rats

The penile reflex in sexually experienced male rats aged 10 and 44 weeks was observed for 20 min following sheath retraction. All 7 males aged 10 weeks showed erections, cups arid flips, while of 5 males aged 44 weeks only 2 showed erections.Frequencies of the above behaviors in aged males were significantly lower than that in young males. The decrease of penile reflexes with aging was similar to that of copulatory behavior with aging, when paired with receptive females. The presentstudy is the first to clearly establish the pattern of penile reflexes in aged rats

Antiferromagnetic Characteristics of Cr-Sn and Cr-Fe Alloys, and Non-ferromagnetic Cr-Fe-Sn Invar Alloys(Physics)

Invar alloys are widely used as materials for precision instruments. The practical Invar alloys are all ferromagnetic, and the ferromagnetism of these alloys often limits the scope of their application. In recent years, therefore, considerable attention has been directed to the research and development of nonferromagnetic Invar alloys. Cr is an antiferromagnetic material and its physical properties such as thermal expansivity and electrical resistivity change anomalously near the Neel temperature. These properties are sensibly modified by the addition of other elements. The present authors investigated the temperature dependence of the physical properties for some Cr-base primary solid solution alloys. With the addition of Sn, the Neel temperature of Cr increases up to 2.0%Sn and then decreases gradually, the thermal expansion coefficient below the Neel temperature becomes smaller. The Neel temperature in the Cr-Fe system decrease with increasing Fe concentration, while the thermal expansivity does not show any regular dependences on temperature and concentration. Taking the above-mentioned results into consideration, the thermal expansivity and the magnetic susceptibility of the Cr-Fe-Sn alloys in the range of the primary solid solution have been measured. The results show that the alloys are of the antiferromagnetic Invar type and their magnetic susceptibility is negligibly small

Copulatory behavior of male house musk shrews (Suncus murinus)

The copulatory behavior in male house musk shrews (Jic: SUN strain) aged 10-12 months was observed under the light (09:00-11:00) and dark (20:00-22:00) periods. The females of same strain were used as stimulus in copulatory behavior tests.Two-hour test sessions were recorded. All 14 males showed one ejaculation after a few intromissions within 2 hours. These values are similar to that of male guinea pigs. Comparing behavioral frequencies and latencies for males observed in thelight and dark periods, there were no significant differences between two groups. The present study is the first to clearly establish the pattern of copulatory behavior in male house musk shrews

Spin Glass Behaviour of Fe-7.6 at% Zr Amorphous Alloy Studied by AC-Susceptibility and Magnetic Viscosity

The spin glass behaviour of the Fe-7.6 at% Zr amorphous alloy was studied by ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization measurements. A cusp of linear susceptibility and a sharp negative peak of non-linear susceptibility characterize the spin glass transition. This transition is also accompanied by the remarkable relaxation of the dc-magnetization

Numerical investigations on shock oscillations ahead of a hemispherical shell in supersonic flow

A clear understanding of the mechanism responsible for large amplitude shock pulsations ahead of a hemispherical cavity in supersonic flow is presented for the first time in this article. This has applications in supersonic parachute decelerators during the atmospheric descent stage of aerospace vehicles. A cell-centered finite volume code FaSTAR is used to solve the full Navier–Stokes equations on a hemispherical shell facing a Mach 4.0 supersonic free stream. The numerical method is validated against earlier experimental results. First, Flow Configuration A appears consisting of an axisymmetric shock that undergoes low-amplitude oscillations. This flow transitions to Flow Configuration B that has an asymmetric shock structure and undergoes large-amplitude non-stationary shock pulsations. The shock stand-off distance in Flow Configuration B is 1.65 times that in Flow Configuration A. The generation of vortices from the curved shock, amplification of vortices of one kind due to the dynamics of the cavity flow, and further interaction of these amplified vortices with the shock in a loop causes the large-amplitude shock pulsations. The oscillation frequencies as determined from cavity pressure and shock stand-off distance signals extracted from the unsteady results are 1.26 kHz during Flow Configuration A, and 859 and 863 Hz during the non-stationary pulsations of Flow Configuration B. The Helmholtz resonator model predicts quite accurately the frequency of Flow Configuration A (1.27 kHz), and to a good extent the frequency in Flow Configuration B (916.7 Hz).Conference: 21st International Shock Interaction Symposium (ISIS)Location: Riga, LATVIADate: AUG 03-08, 201

日本维持性血液透析患者蛋白质能量消耗的患病率和诊断标准评估

Background and Objectives: The International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) has recently recommended the use of the term “protein-energy wasting” (PEW). PEW is a state of malnutrition with decreased body stores of protein and energy fuel in hemodialysis patients and is known as a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. We examined the prevalence of PEW and the characteristics of PEW patients in a hemodialysis center in Japan. Methods and Study Design: Fifty-nine outpatients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at Iga City General Hospital were evaluated. We observed their biochemical data, body composition, dietary intake, and the number of steps prospectively. PEW was defined according to ISRNM criteria. Results: Nine patients (15% of total) were diagnosed as having PEW. Among indicators of PEW criteria, the relevance ratios of “reduced muscle mass” and “unintentional low dietary energy intake” were significantly higher in PEW than in non-PEW. The number of steps was lower, and serum levels of glucose and C-reactive protein were higher in PEW. Conclusion: About 15% of Japanese hemodialysis patients are estimated to have PEW. Our results suggested that major contributing factors to PEW were reduced muscle mass, unintentional low dietary energy intake, lower amount of exercise, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.背景与目的：国际肾营养与代谢协会（ISRNM）最近推荐使用术语“蛋白质能量消耗（PEW）”。PEW 是血液透析患者体内蛋白质和能量储存减少的一种营养不良状态，并且被认为是患病率和死亡率的危险因素。我们在日本的一个血液透析中心研究了PEW 的患病率和PEW 患者的特征。方法与研究设计：我们评估了58 名在伊贺市综合医院做维持性血液透析的门诊患者，并观察了他们的生化数据、体成分、膳食摄入量和行走的步数。根据ISRNM 标准诊断PEW。结果：9 名（占总数的15%）患者被诊断为PEW。在PEW 诊断标准指标中，PEW 患者“肌肉量减少”和“无意识的低膳食能量摄入”的比例高于非PEW 患者。PEW 患者中行走的步数较低，而血清葡萄糖和C-反应蛋白水平较高。结论：约有15%的日本血液透析患者患有PEW。我们的研究结果表明：引起PEW 的主要因素是肌肉量减少、无意识的低膳食能量摄入、运动量低、胰岛素抵抗和慢性炎症

気管支喘息に対する複合温泉療法の作用機序 2.内分泌･自律神経系および心因的要素に対する効果

Actions of spa therapy on endocrine-autonomic nerve system and psychological factors were analyzed in patients with bronchial asthma. In endocrine function, serum levels of cortisol and ACTH tended to increase after spa therapy. In autonomic nerve system, decrease in concentrations of serum adrenalin and noradrenalin was observed after spa therapy, and the difference between the initial levels before spa therapy and the levels after the therapy was significant in serum levels of adrenalin. However, serum levels of substance P and Bradykinin were not affected by spa therapy. To evaluate the action of spa therapy on mental condition in patients with asthma, four kinds of psychological tests, CMI, SDS, CAl and SD, were carried out. Improvement of mental disorders in patients with asthma is observed after spa therapy in all psychological tests. These results suggest that spa therapy acts effectively on endocrine-autonomic nerve system and improve psychological conditions.内分泌･自律神経系および心因的要素に対する温泉療法の効果が,気管支喘息を対象に検討された｡内分泌系では,血中コーチゾ-ルおよびACTH値が,温泉療法後に上昇することが示された｡また,自律神経系では,血中アドレナリンおよびノルアドレナリン濃度が温泉療法により減少することが示され,特に,血中アドレナリンは温泉療法前後の濃度に有意の差が見られた｡しかしながら,血中サブスタンスPおよびブラジキニン濃度には,温泉療法による有意の変動は見られなかった｡心因的要素に対する温泉療法の作用を検討するため,CMI,SDS,CAIおよびSDの4種類の心身医学的検査が行われた｡その結果,いずれの心身医学的検査においても,温泉療法により疾患に不利に働く心因的要素が改善する傾向が見られた｡これらの結果より,温泉療法が内分泌･自律神経系に対して有用な作用を有し,また,疾患に不利な心因的要素を改善させる作用を有していることがある程度示唆された

Conduction Effect of Thermal Radiation in a Metal Shield Pipe in a Cryostat for a Cryogenic Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector

A large heat load caused by thermal radiation through a metal shield pipe was observed in a cooling test of a cryostat for a prototype of a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector. The heat load was approximately 1000 times larger than the value calculated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We studied this phenomenon by simulation and experiment and found that it was caused by the conduction of thermal radiation in a metal shield pipe.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, Submitted to Jpn. J. Appl. Phy