Flow around submerged groynes in a sharp bend using a 3D LES model

River hydrodynamicsInteraction with structure

Biomedical Signal Processing and Healthcare Applications: Innovations and Challenges

Biomedical Signal Processing takes into consideration the steps and the stages included in the preprocessing of physiological signals, recording the data, and examining the trends in the dataset. Such an aspect has been achieved with the aid of digital transformation of the working grounds in the healthcare industry. Through the inclusion of thematic analysis, key themes and concepts are drawn based on the secondary qualitative evidence gathered, and the information was inspected as per the views and opinions of the authors and co-authors

Solid Dispersions: A tool for improving the Solubility and Dissolution of Metronidazole

Metronidazole is a broad spectrum antibiotic. It is sparingly soluble in water but has oral bioavailability of 93-95%. So solid dispersions (SDs) containing metronidazole was prepared in different ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:5) and using different carriers like dextrose, citric acid, polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Fusion or melting method was used for SD containing dextrose and citric acid and Solvent evaporation method was used for SD containing PVP and PEG-4000. The solubility studies revealed that solubility of metronidazole was enhanced to manifolds. Best result was exhibited when drug carrier ratio is in the order of 1:5>1:2>1:1. Among the different carriers, the solubility and dissolution was increased to maximum in case of PVP and PEG and almost 100 % drug released within 1 hour. The development of solid dispersions was further confirmed by DSC and XRD

Influence of hospital policy on partograph use in tertiary care facilities in India: a cross sectional survey

Background: Partograph is an effective, but underutilized tool for monitoring labour. This study examined the influence of hospital policy on the knowledge, attitude, practice and skills of doctors towards partograph plotting.Methods: A cross-sectional survey among doctors posted in labour rooms of tertiary care public teaching hospitals of India was carried out, using self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude and practice; and labour case scenarios were provided to assess partograph plotting skills. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were employed to test the significance of association between knowledge, attitude, practice and skills of 150 doctors working in hospitals with (n=3) and without (n=2) policy of routine partograph plotting.Results: The majority of doctors in both groups had correct knowledge about different partograph components. However, doctors working in hospitals with a policy of partograph use, demonstrated significantly better skills using case scenarios for plotting partographs (p<0.01), and a positive attitude towards plotting partograph and its use as a decision support tool (p=0.000) as compared to doctors working in hospitals without a routine partograph plotting policy.Conclusions: Hospital policy of routine partograph plotting may positively influence utilization of partograph in tertiary care public hospitals in India

Numerical Modeling Of Flow And Sediment Transport Within The Lower Reaches Of The Athabasca River: A Case Study

This study investigates flow and sediment transport patterns within the lower reaches of the Athabasca River (~250 km) in Alberta, Canada, which are characterized by complex bathymetry, regions of high tortuosity, and variable discharges and bed slopes. Sediment within this reach is primarily sand and gravel, but there is also a high percentage (\u3e10%) of cohesive clay with unique settling properties. A combination of 1D and 2D regional numerical modeling is used here to predict hydrodynamics of the flow and transport of suspended sediment. Bathymetry measurements were obtained from a combination of high resolution 3D Geoswath and ADCP surveys, and detailed 2D cross-section measurements. The 1D model solves the advection-diffusion equation for the cohesive sediment floc concentrations, and uses an explicit flocculation algorithm to calculate their distribution. Regional and high resolution local 2D numerical simulations are also completed using the Environmental Fluids Dynamics Code (EFDC) for the entire reach and a reach near Steepbank River (\u3c20 km) respectively. The high resolution local model helps in understanding the effects of coarse grid resolution and subsequently bathymetry resolution on the predictions. Validation of the model results is completed using field measurements including water surface elevations collected with Global Positioning System (GPS), water velocities collected using a Gurley current meter, and suspended sediment measurements obtained from the Regional Aquatics Monitoring Program

Solid Dispersions: A tool for improving the Solubility and Dissolution of Metronidazole

Metronidazole is a broad spectrum antibiotic. It is sparingly soluble in water but has oral bioavailability of 93-95%. So solid dispersions (SDs) containing metronidazole was prepared in different ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:5) and using different carriers like dextrose, citric acid, polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Fusion or melting method was used for SD containing dextrose and citric acid and Solvent evaporation method was used for SD containing PVP and PEG-4000. The solubility studies revealed that solubility of metronidazole was enhanced to manifolds. Best result was exhibited when drug carrier ratio is in the order of 1:5&gt;1:2&gt;1:1. Among the different carriers, the solubility and dissolution was increased to maximum in case of PVP and PEG and almost 100 % drug released within 1 hour. The development of solid dispersions was further confirmed by DSC and XRD

Microbial Study of Drinking Water in the Government Hospitals of Patna District, Bihar, India

This study was carried out to evaluate the status of drinking water supplied in six different government hospitals of the Patna capital of Bihar, India. A total of 14 drinking water samples was collected aseptically in sterile container during the month of August 2017. Most probable number (MPN) test was done to detect the Coliforms in drinking water samples. A total of 11out of 14 samples shows very high MPN value, which are above the WHO standard of concentration of Coliforms which must be zero in safe drinking water . Analysis was performed by using culture and biochemical methods. This study has therefore shown the need for continuous monitoring of drinking water supply system. This study indicates that regular water monitoring the supply and availability of pathogens free drinking water

A study on status of anaemia in pregnant women attending urban health training centre, RIMS, Ranchi

Background: Anaemia in pregnant women has been regarded as very dangerous as it causes many maternal, fetal and neonatal complications. Fetal growth and pregnancy outcome largely depend upon the status of anaemia in pregnant women. Anaemia affects pregnant  women all over the world - 52% in  developing  countries  compared  with  23%  in  the  developed  world. The difference in prevalence of anaemia in different parts of India including Jharkhand can be attributed to the different factors. A knowledge of these factors associated with anemia will help to formulate multipronged strategies to curtail this important public health problem in pregnancy. Aims & Objectives: (1) To know the socio-demographic profile of pregnant women attending Urban Health and Training Centre (UHTC), RIMS, Ranchi. (2) To know the status of anaemia among those pregnant women and its association with different factors. Material & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study done at ANC clinic of UHTC, RIMS, Ranchi to determine the status of anaemia in pregnant women and various socio-demographic factors associated with it. Hemoglobin level of 149 pregnant women selected by consecutive sampling was estimated by Cyanmethemoglobin method. Statistical Analysis: Template generated in MS excel sheet and analysis was done on SPSS software. Result: Out of total 149 pregnant women anaemia was found to be present in 99 (66.4%) women. A statistically significant association of anaemia (p<.05) was found with parity and birth interval from last birth.  But the association of anaemia with ethnicity, education and other factors like gestational age (trimester) was not found to be statistically significant (p>.05).  Conclusion: Occurrence of anaemia was much higher in this area as compared to national average. It indicates that the anaemia continues to be a major public health problem.  Efforts should be geared towards the early detection and treatment of anaemia before delivery.