Raising awareness about social exclusion in schools through experiential learning

Social exclusion has a myriad of negative effects on students’ psychological and social well-being. One way to combat such negative effects is to raise awareness about social exclusion in schools. Here, we describe and evaluate a training program that was carried out across schools in the Netherlands. The program relies on basic experiential learning principles and a well-established social exclusion paradigm to make participants experience and discuss social exclusion. We had three goals in the current paper: (1) discussing previous work supporting the feasibility of such programs, (2) presenting a secondary analysis of the data generated by the program, and finally (3) testing a core assumption of Temporal Need-threat Model of Ostracism (Williams, 2009). The analyses are based on 14,065 participants (ages 12 to 19) and a subset of those who evaluated the program later (n = 386). Our review of the literature supports the feasibility of the program in raising awareness about social exclusion. The results of the secondary data analyses further corroborate this finding and, importantly, offer preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the program. Lastly, stressing a core assumption of the ostracism model, the results indicated that the experience of ostracism was not substantially altered by the characteristics of the participants such as age and gender

Time judgment during a crisis: The moderating effect of stress and ego network diversity on retrospective time judgments

Forming accurate judgments is vital for management in general, and crisis management in particular. Despite its fundamental role in an organizational context, time judgments were not yet studied in a crisis context. Building on attentional-gate theory, we hypothesized that when decision-makers are under high information load, they can suffer from less accurate retrospective (i.e. recalled) time judgments. Furthermore, we expected this effect to be enhanced if stress and ego network diversity were also at higher levels. We tested our hypotheses in a within-subject experimental design (information load: low vs. high) where participants (N = 34) role-played a disaster-response management team. We found that participants had less accurate and underestimating time judgments when information load was high, and this effect was more evident when stress levels were higher. Contrary to our expectations, the effect of information load on time judgments was not observed when ego network diversity was high, whereas a low level of diversity was associated with less accuracy under high information load. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the antecedents and boundary conditions of retrospective time judgments for crisis management

Team adaptation under inconsistent team rewards:The mediating role of fairness and team efficacy perceptions

Organizations use teams as an adaptive and flexible response to rapidly changing environmental conditions. Team adaptive performance, which is team performance under changing environmental conditions, can be facilitated by motivational mechanisms. In this paper, we investigated the effect of team rewards on team adaptive performance. Noting the temporal nature of team adaptation and emergent states, we hypothesized that team reward stability (as compared to instability) would result in higher team adaptive performance. We further posited that team efficacy beliefs and team distributive fairness perceptions would partially mediate this relationship. We used a between-subjects (team reward condition: stable or unstable) experimental study with 43 3-person student teams who performed a coordination task with a change in the task at midpoint. The empirical results supported our predictions. Team distributive fairness perceptions fully mediated the relationship between team reward stability and team adaptive performance. Thus, our paper highlights the importance of team rewards on team adaptatio

Team adaptation under inconsistent team rewards: The mediating role of fairness and team efficacy perceptions

Organizations use teams as an adaptive and flexible response to rapidly changing environmental conditions. Team adaptive performance, which is team performance under changing environmental conditions, can be facilitated by motivational mechanisms. In this paper, we investigated the effect of team rewards on team adaptive performance. Noting the temporal nature of team adaptation and emergent states, we hypothesized that team reward stability (as compared to instability) would result in higher team adaptive performance. We further posited that team efficacy beliefs and team distributive fairness perceptions would partially mediate this relationship. We used a between-subjects (team reward condition: stable or unstable) experimental study with 43 3-person student teams who performed a coordination task with a change in the task at midpoint. The empirical results supported our predictions. Team distributive fairness perceptions fully mediated the relationship between team reward stability and team adaptive performance. Thus, our paper highlights the importance of team rewards on team adaptatio

Time judgment during a crisis:The moderating effect of stress and ego network diversity on retrospective time judgments

Forming accurate judgments is vital for management in general, and crisis management in particular. Despite its fundamental role in an organizational context, time judgments were not yet studied in a crisis context. Building on attentional-gate theory, we hypothesized that when decision-makers are under high information load, they can suffer from less accurate retrospective (i.e. recalled) time judgments. Furthermore, we expected this effect to be enhanced if stress and ego network diversity were also at higher levels. We tested our hypotheses in a within-subject experimental design (information load: low vs. high) where participants (N = 34) role-played a disaster-response management team. We found that participants had less accurate and underestimating time judgments when information load was high, and this effect was more evident when stress levels were higher. Contrary to our expectations, the effect of information load on time judgments was not observed when ego network diversity was high, whereas a low level of diversity was associated with less accuracy under high information load. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the antecedents and boundary conditions of retrospective time judgments for crisis management

Raising awareness about social exclusion in schools through experiential learning

Social exclusion has a myriad of negative effects on students’ psychological and social well-being. One way to combat such negative effects is to raise awareness about social exclusion in schools. Here, we describe and evaluate a training program that was carried out across schools in the Netherlands. The program relies on basic experiential learning principles and a well-established social exclusion paradigm to make participants experience and discuss social exclusion. We had three goals in the current paper: (1) discussing previous work supporting the feasibility of such programs, (2) presenting a secondary analysis of the data generated by the program, and finally (3) testing a core assumption of Temporal Need-threat Model of Ostracism (Williams, 2009). The analyses are based on 14,065 participants (ages 12 to 19) and a subset of those who evaluated the program later (n = 386). Our review of the literature supports the feasibility of the program in raising awareness about social exclusion. The results of the secondary data analyses further corroborate this finding and, importantly, offer preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the program. Lastly, stressing a core assumption of the ostracism model, the results indicated that the experience of ostracism was not substantially altered by the characteristics of the participants such as age and gender

Replication Data for: Raising awareness about social exclusion in schools through experiential learning

This data package contains the secondary data, and analysis scripts for “Raising awareness about social exclusion through experiential learning in schools.” The manuscript conceptually describes a training program aiming to raise awareness about social exclusion and provides a proof of concept by presenting results talking to the feasibility and the validity of the program