Investigation of Arterial Blood Gas in Radial Artery in Patients with Observative Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Objective: Apnea developing during sleep prevents gas exchange in the body for 10 seconds or more. As a result, there is a significant decrease in partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) and a significant increase in partial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2). Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) have systemic hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmia, chronicle artery disease, cerebrovascular diseases, and sudden death. The aim of this study is to determine the undiagnosed OSAS by looking at arterial blood gas changes in the radial artery.Materials and Methods: In this study, the patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of OSAS (the first group consisted of 13 patients, Apnea-Hypopnea Index 5 Ap15 and the second group consisted of 11 patients, Apnea-Hypopnea Index 16 and above). Blood samples were taken from radial arteries of patients in two groups. Arterial blood gases between groups; PaO2, PaCO2, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), hydrogen ion concentration (pH) values and accompanying diseases were examined.Results: There was no significant difference between the arterial blood gases values of patients in two groups. This suggests that arterial blood gas values in the blood taken from the radial artery alone cannot diagnose or fail to diagnose OSAS. However, patients in the two groups; 88% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was found as the concomitant disease. This suggests us thinking that the abnormal blood gas values (PaO2 level below normal limits and PaCO2 level above normal limits) is associated with COPD which accompanies the disease with OSAS.Discussion: Identification and treatment of OSAS prevent the development of complications associated with OSAS and may provide treatment for OSAS. Undiagnosed OSAS may be considered in the presence of abnormalities in the examination of arterial blood gas in the radial artery in patients presenting with OSAS findings (such as snoring, witnessed apnea, daytime sleepiness etc.) and accompanying COPD.This paper is just a sample template for the prospective authors of IISTE Over the decades, the concepts of holons and holonic systems have been adopted in many research fields, but they are scarcely attempted on labour planning. A literature gap exists, thus motivating the author to come up with a holonic model that uses exponential smoothing to forecast some quantitative variables in labour-intensive production. These varying parameters include the machine utilisation that reflects the demand and the worker absenteeism and turnover that constitute the disturbance. Collective equations are formulated to periodically compute the number of workers required. For model validation purpose, twenty-four-month data analysis is conducted on a mock-up basis. Keywords: OSAS; Polysomnography; PaO2; PaCO2; SaO2 DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/74-05 Publication date:May 31st 202

What happens during teacher-student ınteraction in the first year of primary school? A new explanation

The present research aims to develop a theory on teacher–student interaction in the first year of primary school period. The present research was designed in grounded theory research which is one of the qualitative research traditions. A total of 18 primary school children started the first year of primary school. Data were collected through participant observation. Participant observation was launched after all necessary ethical permissions were taken from local education authority, the participant children, their teacher, and parents. Data were analyzed through constant comparison within three stages as open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. It was reported that the teacher and the first graders mutually developed strategies and there were several circumstances in the interaction that nested behavioral problem

Is theory of mind correlated with moral identity among primary school children?

The purpose of the research is to reveal the correlation between theory of mind (ToM) and moral identity (MI) among primary school children. A total of 148 primary school children were recruited into the research sample by using convenience sampling. The present research was designed as correlational research. The data about MI were gathered with the Moral Identity Test developed Coskun and Kara (2019) and the data about ToM were collected by using battery of theory of mind tasks consisting of eight ToM tasks. Data were analysed and it was observed that there was neither significant nor robust correlation between ToM and MI. Based on these results, it was concluded that this absence of correlation between the research variables may stem from differences between the focal point of MI and that of ToM

Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Topluma Hizmet Uygulamalarıyla “Yardımseverlik Değeri” Kazanmaları Hakkındaki Görüşleri

Bu araştırmada sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının topluma hizmet uygulamaları ile yardımseverlik değeri kazanmaları hakkındaki görüşlerinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada 2016-2017 güz dönemi Topluma Hizmet Uygulaması dersinde bir görme engellinin kullandığı sesli versiyonu mevcut olmayan ders kitabını sesli hale getiren 13 Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayının yardımseverlik değerine ilişkin görüşlerinde meydana gelen değişmeler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma modeli kullanılmış, çalışma nitel araştırmanın [S1]olgu bilim türüne göre desenlenmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden Tipik Durum Örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Neticede değerlerin duyuşsal alana hitap ederek içselleştirilmesine ve somut uygulamalarla davranış haline getirilmesinde Topluma Hizmet Uygulamalarının büyük öneme sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır

The opinions of prospective social studies teachers about their acquırement of "benevolence value" with communıty servıce practices

Bu araştırmada sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının topluma hizmet uygulamaları ile “yardımseverlik değeri” kazanmaları hakkındaki görüşlerinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada 2016-2017 güz dönemi Topluma Hizmet Uygulaması dersinde bir görme engellinin kullandığı sesli versiyonu mevcut olmayan ders kitabını sesli hale getiren 13 Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayının yardımseverlik değerine ilişkin görüşlerinde meydana gelen değişmeler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma modeli kullanılmış, çalışma nitel araştırmanın olgu bilim türüne göre desenlenmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden Tipik Durum Örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Neticede değerlerin duyuşsal alana hitap ederek içselleştirilmesine ve somut uygulamalarla davranış haline getirilmesinde Topluma Hizmet Uygulamalarının büyük öneme sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştırIn this study has been tried to determine the opinions of prospective social studies teachers on their acquirements about the benevolence value. In this study it has been tried to determine the changes of the opinions about benevolence value of 13 pre service social studies teachers that They made a soundbook for a blind student who hasn’t got a voice version of its. The qualitative research model was used in this study. The study patterned according to phenomenology. The Typical Case Sample, one of the purposeful sampling methods, is used. Finally it has been resulted that the Community Service Practices is very important to internalization and behaviour modification for values

Retrospective analysis of impacted first and second permanent molars in the turkish population : a multicenter study

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyze 170 case series of patients with 200 impacted first and second permanent molars. Study Design: Records of 104.408 patients were retrospectively screened in this multicenter study. The chosen study population consists of 170 patients who presented with impacted or retained first and second permanent molar. All patients with impacted first or second permanent molar had undergone clinical and radiographic examinations. The following factors were analyzed: age and gender, frequency, distribution, location, position, the number of impacted tooth, primary and secondary retention, degree of infraocclusion, associated pathologic conditions and treatment method. Results: There were a total of 170 patients (male: 91, female: 79, mean ages 22.69±8.99 years ranging from 13 to 66 years of age) with 200 retained or impacted permanent molars in 104.408 patients. In this study, 200 impacted teeth which were analyzed were 125 molars (62.5%) vertical position, 17 (8.5%) horizontal, 38 (19%) mesioangular, 12 (6%) distoangular, and 7 (3.5%) buccolingual inclination. There were 52 primarily retained (26%) and 32 secondarily retained (16%) molars. 137 (68.5%) molars were asymptomatic. Cystic formation was present in 13 (6.5%) cases. Conclusions: Although the impactions of first and second permanent molars do not occur frequently, it is important to make an early diagnosis in order to start treatment at the optimal time. © Medicina Oral S.L

Characteristics of 351 supernumerary molar teeth In Turkish population

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the demographic profile of supernumerary molar (SM) teeth in people in various regions of Turkey. Study Design: A retrospective analysis was carried out on an initial sample of 104,902 subjects drawn from the ortopantographics files from 10 clinics in 7 Turkish cities with documentation of demographic data, the presence of SM teeth, their location, eruption, morphology, and position within the arch. In one region associated patho­logies and treatments were also evaluated. Results: Three hundred fifty-one SMs were detected in 288 patients, constituting 0.33% of the study subjects, with a greater frequency in females (56.4%). SMs were found more frequently in the maxilla (87.7%) than in the mandible, and distomolars (62.9%) were more common than paramolars. The SMs encountered were mostly of conical shape (45.7%), impacted (81.1%), and in a vertical position (52.1). The 33% of SM teeth were related to impacted molar teeth. Conclusion: The most common complication involving these teeth was soft tissue irritation. Demographic data from such specific extensive studies are crucial for improved diagnosis of SM teeth. Early detection allows for measures against complications and more successful therapy

Castleman's Disease: Due to a Rare Intraabdominal Location

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare benign disease with unknown etiology. It is also called angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, giant lymph node hyperplasia, lymph node hamartoma, benign giant lymphoma. Histologically, it is classified as hyaline vascular and plasma cell variant, but rarely features of two types can coexist. Most of the cases with unisentric disease are hyaline vascular and most of the cases with multicentric disease are in plasma cell histological type. Although it is frequently located in thorax, it can be found throughout the body. Salivary glands, lungs, pancreas, larynx, parotid gland, meninges, and even limb muscles can be affected as extralymphatic spread. Since it is localized in the middle and anterior mediastinum in the thorax, it should be differentiated from mediastinal autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. In this case report, we aimed to present the radiological findings of a CD case with a rare intraabdominal location

Effects of Supplemental Mannanoligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Faecal Characteristics and Health in Dairy Calves

Twenty Holstein calves were used to investigate the effects of mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation in the whole milk on growth performance, faecal score, faecal pH, selected faecal bacterial populations and health during the preweaning period. Healthy calves selected by clinical examination were allocated to one of the two groups (control [CG] and experimental [EG]) at 5 days old. Each group consisted of 5 male and 5 female calves. Each calf in EG was supplemented with 7 g/d of a MOS product (Celmanax) from 5 days to 56 days of age. MOS supplement was mixed with the whole milk once in the morning and administered to the calves in EG via nipple bottle, whereas the calves in CG were fed the whole milk without MOS. Calves were weaned at 56 days of age. The final body weight, average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were statistically similar (p>0.05) but were higher by 3.70%, 6.66%, and 10.97%, respectively, in MOS than in control calves. Feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI) was also similar in two calves group. While faecal scores did not differ on day 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 49, and 56 between groups, EG had a higher faecal score (p = 0.05) than CG on day 35. Faecal concentration of Lactobacillus was lower (p0.05) in faecal concentrations of Bifidobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli were found between groups. Although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the incidence of diarrhoea, treatment days for diarrhoea and the costs associated with diarrhoea treatments between groups, collectively, the observed reductions in treatment days and the cost of diarrhoea treatments accompanying increases in final body weight, ADG and ADFI for EG may indicate potential benefit of MOS in treatment of diarrhoea

Survival results according to Oncotype Dx recurrence score in patients with hormone receptor positive HER-2 negative early-stage breast cancer: first multicenter Oncotype Dx recurrence score survival data of Turkey

BackgroundThe Oncotype Dx recurrence score (ODx-RS) guides the adjuvant chemotherapy decision-making process for patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive, HER-2 receptor-negative breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate survival and its correlation with ODx-RS in pT1-2, N0-N1mic patients treated with adjuvant therapy based on tumor board decisions.Patients and methodsEstrogen-positive HER-2 negative early-stage breast cancer patients (pT1-2 N0, N1mic) with known ODx-RS, operated on between 2010 and 2014, were included in this study. The primary aim was to evaluate 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates according to ODX-RS.ResultsA total of 203 eligible patients were included in the study, with a median age of 48 (range 26-75) and median follow-up of 84 (range 23-138) months. ROC curve analysis for all patients revealed a recurrence cut-off age of 45 years, prompting evaluation by grouping patients as ≤45 years vs. >45 years. No significant difference in five-year DFS rates was observed between the endocrine-only (ET) and chemo-endocrine (CE) groups. However, among the ET group, DFS was higher in patients over 45 years compared to those aged ≤45 years. When stratifying by ODx-RS as 0-17 and ≥18, DFS was significantly higher in the former group within the ET group. However, such differences were not seen in the CE group. In the ET group, an ODx-RS ≥18 and menopausal status were identified as independent factors affecting survival, with only an ODx-RS ≥18 impacting DFS in patients aged ≤45 years. The ROC curve analysis for this subgroup found the ODx-RS cut-off to be 18.ConclusionThis first multicenter Oncotype Dx survival analysis in Turkey demonstrates the importance of Oncotype Dx recurrence score and age in determining treatment strategies for early-stage breast cancer patients. As a different aproach to the literature, our findings suggest that the addition of chemotherapy to endocrine therapy in young patients (≤45 years) with Oncotype Dx recurrence scores of ≥18 improves DFS