The impact of building up the limb muscle mass by the resistance exercise with the intake of milk in middle-aged and elderly women

Background: In the rapidly aging Japanese society, the most serious disorder to prevent is sarcopenia for extending healthy life expectancy. Objective: This study was carried out to clarify whether five kinds of specific and simple resistance exercise performing at home for the short term (42 days) with theintake of whole milk could help to increase the limb muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly women. Participants and measurements: Subjects were 39 healthy women aged 50 to 80 years who gave the consent to participate in the present study. Body composition, physical fitness, food and nutrient intake were measured. Oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed. Groups and results: Subjects were categorized in two groups; Group I with the increase of the limb muscle mass after exercise and Group II with no increase. Body weight before exercise (Group I, 51.6±5.5 kg vs Group II, 58.5±10.3 kg), the body mass index (BMI) (21.7±2.5 kg/m2 vs 24.3±3.9 kg/m2), the limb muscle mass (14.4±1.3 kg vs 15.6±2.0 kg), the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (6.0±0.5 kg/m2 vs 6.5±0.7 kg/m2), were all significantly high in Group II. The intake of milk before exercise in Group I (162.1±103.7 g/day) was significantly higher than in Group II (92.5±63.3 g/day). The blood glucose level at 30 min after glucose loading in Group I before exercise was significantly higher than that in Group Ⅱ (199.3 ± 31.1 mg/dl vs 177.0±34.1 mg/dl). Conclusion: The subjects in Group I could successfully increase the limb muscle mass, but the subjects in Group II, whose weight, BMI, the limb muscle mass were significantly high before exercise, could not increase the muscle mass by resistance exercise with the intake of milk. It was considered that the resistance exercise carried out in this study was not strong enough for Group II. We assumed that the BMI value could be the indicator of the strength of exercise for building up the muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly individuals

Design guidelines for the SPICE parameters of waveform-selective metasurfaces varying with the incident pulse width at a constant oscillation frequency

In this study, we numerically demonstrate how the response of recently reported circuit-based metasurfaces is characterized by their circuit parameters. These metasurfaces, which include a set of four diodes as a full wave rectifier, are capable of sensing different waves even at the same frequency in response to the incident waveform, or more specifically the pulse width. This study reveals the relationship between the electromagnetic response of such waveform-selective metasurfaces and the SPICE parameters of the diodes used. First, we show that reducing a parasitic capacitive component of the diodes is important for realization of waveform-selective metasurfaces in a higher frequency regime. Second, we report that the operating power level is closely related to the saturation current and the breakdown voltage of the diodes. Moreover, the operating power range is found to be broadened by introducing an additional resistor into the inside of the diode bridge. Our study is expected to provide design guidelines for circuit-based waveform-selective metasurfaces to select/fabricate optimal diodes and enhance the waveform-selective performance at the target frequency and power level.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure

Paraganglioma that caused sinus arrest

Paragangliomas are neural-crest-derived nonepithelial neuroendocrine tumors distributed along the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. To our knowledge, no studies were reported regarding sinus arrest on day 4 after paraganglioma resection. A 66-year-old female patient with a history of pulmonary vein isolation visited our department for sigmoid colon cancer treatment. Enhanced computed tomography revealed an enhanced small nodule-like lymph node near the root of the inferior mesenteric artery. The patient underwent laparoscopic colectomy with regional lymph node dissection. Postoperatively, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation attacks developed, and the patient resumed oral medication. Additionally, sinus arrest after tachycardia developed. Changing the oral medication could maintain her circulatory dynamics. Pathological examination revealed that differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma infiltrated the submucosa. Immunohistochemically, the excised nodule as a lymph node was considered a functional paraganglioma. Our case indicates that paraganglioma resection and oral medication resumption may contribute to sinus arrest. When arrhythmias affecting the circulation occur perioperatively, the presence of a catecholamine-producing tumor should be considered in addition to cardiac disease

Mental and physical health maintenance and improvement effects of vitamin D supplements and the effect of vitamin D binding protein gene single nucleotide polymorphism

PDF【目的】　ビタミンDはカルシウム代謝に関わる脂溶性ビタミンとして知られている。近年、ビタミンDの不足者と心の健康の関連や、ビタミンD結合タンパク質をコードするgroup-specific component（GC）遺伝子の一塩基多型（SNP）と血中25-ヒドロキシビタミンDレベルの関連が報告された。そこで、心身的な健康状態やビタミンDサプリメントの心身的な健康状態改善効果にビタミンDの栄養状態が関連するか、さらにGC 遺伝子の一塩基多型とビタミンDサプリメントの心身的な健康状態改善効果の関連について見出すことを本研究の目的とした。 【方法】　本試験に同意した若年女性健常者76名を対象に、食物摂取頻度調査票を用いた栄養調査、外出時間や日よけ対策に関するアンケート調査、２か所（rs7041、rs4588）のGC遺伝子SNP型の調査、および４種の心身的な健康状態に関するアンケート調査（ベックの抑うつ質問票-II：BDI-II、特性不安尺度：STAI、知覚されたストレス尺度：PSS、Cook-Medleyの敵意スケール：Ho）を行った。その後90日間ビタミンDサプリメント（ビタミンD3として25μg/日）摂取させ、90日後に再び精神的な健康状態に関するアンケート調査を行った。 【結果】　栄養調査および外出時間や日よけ対策調査から試験参加者をビタミンD充足群と不足群に分けると、不足群において、心身的な健康状態のうち、BDI-IIのスコアが充足群と比較して1.5倍高かった。90日間のビタミンDサプリメント摂取により、不足群でBDI-IIスコアが有意に低下した。２か所のSNP型を合わせ、白人に多いSNP型所有者をグループ１、その他の者をグループ２と２群に分け、心身的な健康状態に関するアンケート調査の結果を比較したところ、サプリメント摂取前ではグループ１の方がグループ２よりもBDI-IIスコアが有意に高かった。また、ビタミンDサプリメント摂取によるBDI-IIスコア低下はグループ１でのみ観察された。 【考察】　若年女性において、ビタミンDが不足している人では抑うつ度が高まること、ビタミンDサプリメントによるうつ症状改善効果は、特にビタミンDが不足している人に有効である可能性が示唆された。また、グループ１の若年女性は抑うつ度が高く、ビタミンDサプリメント摂取によるうつ症状改善効果は、グループ２の者よりも高いことが示唆された。departmental bulletin pape

Efficacy of Prednisolone in Generated Myotubes Derived From Fibroblasts of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive X-linked form of muscular dystrophy characterized by progressive muscle degeneration. This disease is caused by the mutation or deletion of the dystrophin gene. Currently, there are no effective treatments and glucocorticoid administration is a standard care for DMD. However, the mechanism underlying prednisolone effects, which leads to increased walking, as well as decreased muscle wastage, is poorly understood. Our purpose in this study is to investigate the mechanisms of the efficacy of prednisolone for this disease. We converted fibroblasts of normal human cell line and a DMD patient sample to myotubes by MyoD transduction using a retroviral vector. In myotubes from the MyoD-transduced fibroblasts of the DMD patient, the myotube area was decreased and its apoptosis was increased. Furthermore, we confirmed that prednisolone could rescue these pathologies. Prednisolone increased the expression of not utrophin but laminin by down-regulation of MMP-2 mRNA. These results suggest that the up-regulation of laminin may be one of the mechanisms of the efficacy of prednisolone for DMD

Study of Individual Differences in the Effects of Food Combination and Meal Sequencing on the Suppression of Postprandial Interstitial Fluid Glucose Elevation − Investigation Using a Flash Glucose Monitoring System −

PDF【目的】　食物繊維を含む食品やたんぱく質を含む主菜の摂取は、主食摂取による体内への糖質の吸収を穏やかにする働きをもつ。近年では、食事の食べる順番を変えることで血糖値の上昇を緩やかにする「食べ順ダイエット」が注目されている。本研究では、フラッシュグルコースモニタリング装置のFreeStyleリブレを用いて、食材の組み合わせや食べる順番が及ぼす間質液グルコース値上昇の抑制の効果およびその個人差を検討した。 【方法】　本試験に同意した若年女性健常者17名を対象にFreeStyleリブレを上腕部に装着させ、朝食の摂取より３時間にわたり15分間隔で間質液のグルコース値をモニターした。食事は、白飯150 g、キャベツ150 g（ 食物繊維として2.7 g）、えん麦ふすま10 g（食物繊維として2.5 g）、焼き塩鮭80 gを用いた。間質液グルコース値上昇の比較は、食後２時間および３時間のグルコース値上昇曲線下面積（iAUC0-2およびiAUC0-3）を用いた。 【結果】　白飯のみ摂取の対照試験では、17名のiAUC0-2 は、6.81 ～ 1.69 mM・hと大きな個人差が見られた。上位９名をH-グループ、残り８名をL-グループとし、キャベツ摂取後に白飯摂取、白飯と焼き塩鮭摂取、キャベツ摂取後に白飯と焼き塩鮭摂取の３実験条件で比較すると、H-グループでは、キャベツや焼き塩鮭による間質液グルコース値上昇の抑制効果ならびにキャベツと焼き塩鮭の相加効果の傾向が見られた。しかし、L-グループでは３条件すべてで抑制効果は見られなかった。キャベツをえん麦ふすまに替えた場合も同様にH-グループとL-グループの差が見られた。 【考察】　食物繊維を含む食品の事前摂取やたんぱく質を含む主菜摂取による間質液グルコース値上昇を緩やかにする効果は、白飯摂取後に間質液グルコース値の上昇しやすい人には効果があるが、元々上昇しにくい人には効果が小さいことが示唆された。departmental bulletin pape

Development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for salmonid insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2b

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 promotes the growth of vertebrates, and its binding proteins (IGFBPs) regulate the activity of circulating IGF-1. Three IGFBPs, IGFBP-2b,-1a, and-1b, were consistently detected in the cir-culatory system of salmonids. IGFBP-2b is thought to be the main carrier of IGFs and promoter of IGF-1-mediated growth in salmonids. Currently, there are no immunoassays for detecting IGFBP-2b. In this study, we developed a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) for IGFBP-2b detection in salmonid fishes. To establish TR-FIA, we produced two recombinant trout (rt) IGFBP-2bs expressed, one with thioredoxin (Trx) and a histidine (His) tag, and the other with His-tag only. We labeled both recombinant proteins with europium (Eu). Only Eu-Trx.His. rtIGFBP-2b cross-reacted with anti-IGFBP-2b, and the addition of increasing amounts of Trx.His.rtIGFBP-2b replaced the binding, indicating its utility as a tracer and assay standard. The addition of unlabeled salmon IGF-1 did not affect the binding of the standard or sample. Serial dilution curves of sera from rainbow trout, Chinook salmon, and chum salmon were parallel to those of the standard. The assay range (ED80-ED20) of the TR-FIA was 60.4 to 251.3 ng/ml, and its minimum detection limit of this assay was 21 ng/ml. The intra-and inter -assay coefficients of variation were 5.68% and 5.65%, respectively. Circulating IGFBP-2b levels in fed rainbow trout were higher than those in fasted fish and were correlated with individual growth rates. This TR-FIA is useful for further exploring the physiological responses of circulating IGFBP-2b and evaluating the growth status of salmonids

Electrochemical behaviors of fructose dehydrogenase immobilized onto UV-ozone-treated carbon nanotubes modified electrode

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized onto a gold electrode. Fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) was immobilized onto the UV-ozone-treated CNTs on gold electrode (UV-CNT/Au). Catalytic oxidation currents based on the direct electron transfer reactions of FDH were observed at FDH modified UV-CNT/Au electrode. The observed catalytic oxidation currents strongly depended on the UV-ozone treatment time.ナノダイナミクス国際シンポジウム 平成20年1月38日(木) 於長崎大学Nagasaki Symposium on Nano-Dynamics 2009 (NSND2009), January 27, 2014, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Poster Presentatio