1,261 research outputs found
Comparison between Male and Female Elite Wrestlers: A Psychological Study
Anxiety is recognized one of the main factor that reduces athlete's performance in games and sports but its depend on the nature of anxiety, So many psychological studies and lot of researchers and their research evidences support that high levels of anxiety can have a deteriorating effect on an individual athlete or team performance. This research paper was carried out to examine possible significant differences in cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self confidence among elite male and female wrestlers. The present investigation was used to form the samples as twenty five (N=25) medalist (12 male and 13 female) randomly selected from different weight categories in All India interuniversity wrestling competition. All subject readily agreed to volunteer as subject for collection of data. For this purpose measuring instruments was used Competitive State Anxiety Inventory - 2 (CSAI-2) Test developed by Martine's et. al (1990) , after that collected data was analyzed by using t- test to find out the significance differences between male and female elite wrestlers on above mentioned sub- psychological variable and the level of significance was set at 0.05 level of confidence .The obtain result advocate that each sub-variable (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self confidence) ĆĀ findings in contrast and that found insignificance difference among elite male and female elite wrestlers
Critical Insights in Choosing Approaches to Feedback in Second Language (L2) Writing: Catering Individual Needs
Although there is a debate as to whether or not feedback in writing helps second language learners, this research indicates that learners improve in writing with having feedback from their instructors. However, in correcting learnersā errors, especial care should be rendered to learnersā individual needs as all the learners do not like a single approach to feedback. Apart from indicating the importance of feedback, in what this study contributes to the existing literature is the suggestion that learnersā choice of the approaches to feedback varies more because of learnersā āindividual needsā than their ācultural differencesā. Key Words: Writing Errors, Formative Feedback, Summative Feedback, Direct Feedback, Indirect Feedbac
Effects of Basic Slag, Aggregate Size and Groundwater Treatments on the Production of Chilli in Acid Sulfate Soils in a Simulation Study
A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the effects of basic slag (BS10 and BS20: basic slag 10 and 20 t ha-1), aggregate size (A20 and A30: aggregate sizes of soil, less than 20 and 20-30 mm) and groundwater depth (Gw0: no influence of groundwater and Gw50: groundwater beneath 50 cm of the soil surface) as physico-chemical amendments in two pre-leached (leached for a week through tap water to remove
excessive acidity and salinity from the soil before transplantation) acid sulfate soils of Badarkhali (Salidic
Sulfaquept) and Cheringa (Typic Sulfic Halaquept) series in relation to the production of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.). Maximum growth and yield of chilli were recorded by the treatment combining A30Gw50BS20 in both the Cheringa (green chilli weight: 4.82 t ha-1) and Badarkhali (4.51 t ha-1) soils. The application of basic slag (BS20) was found to be the most effective among the individual treatments, followed by the BS10 > A30 > Gw50 treatments. The application of BS20 increased the yield in combination with the Gw0 treatment
by 40% for A20, while by 107% for A30 in the Badarkhali soil. On the other hand, in the case of Gw50, these
increments were 49 and 141% for A20 and A30, respectively. The application of BS at the highest rate (BS20) to the Cheringa soil was more effective compared with the A20 and A30 treatments in the Badarkhali soil. The same rate of BS20 in combination with the Gw50 treatment increased the yield by 59 to 147% in the Cheringa soil compared with 49 to 141% in the Badarkhali soil. Almost similar and significant (pā¤0.05)
effects were observed for the other growth parameters of chilli cultivated in both soil series
Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients infected by different sources and its correlation with clinical and virological parameters: a preliminary study
BACKGROUND: Information about genotypes and associated risk factors in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients in Iran is limited. The aim of this study was to identify the HCV genotypes and associated risk factors in a group of HCV infected patients from Iran. RESULTS: Genotyping analysis was performed in 156 patients with positive anti-HCV and HCV-RNA. Patients were questioned concerning documented risk factors. Genotypes 1 and 3 were found in 87 (55.8%) and 45 (28.8%) patients, respectively. The most frequent HCV subtype was 1a (37.8), followed by 3a (28.9%) and 1b (16.7%). There was no statistically significant difference between the risk factors analyzed and the acquisition of HCV infection. We further found that 18 (40%) and 17 (37.8%) patients that were intravenous drug users (IVDU) had genotype 1a and 3a respectively. CONCLUSION: Genotypes 3a and 1a in Iran are less prevalent in IVDU than in Europe and USA, but there is a high similarity between the pattern of genotype in IVDU in both Europe and United States, and Iran. However, in this case it can not be due to people migration among countries since history of travel abroad existed only in 6 cases (13.3%)
Optimal Design of Multi-Span Pitched Roof Frames with Tapered Members
Many industrial buildings require large spans and high height, and the use of a frame with inclined roofs with non-prismatic elements can reduce the usage of steel. Pitched roof frame with single spans are optimized using different meta-heuristic algorithms. In this paper, the optimal design of industrial frames with two and three spans under gravity and lateral loads is performed. Five efficient and widely accepted optimization algorithms are used to optimize each frame. The convergence histories and design results of these algorithms are compared and the most suitable algorithm is determined. In each frame, the effect of increasing the apex height is evaluated on the optimal weight and the best angle is determined for optimum weight
Chronic exposure to chlorophenol related compounds in production workplace and kidney cancer: A meta-analysis
Background and Aims: Chlorophenols are a group of pesticides contaminated with dioxin compounds during their manufacturing. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) demonstrated an association between dioxin exposure and lung cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and soft-tissue sarcoma but the risk of kidney cancer and dioxin exposure has not been clearly defined. This study was proposed a meta-analysis of published researches to evaluate relationship between chronic chlorophenols exposure in pesticide production workplace and the mortality risk of kidney cancer.Materials and Methods:ā³chlorophenolā³, ā³Phenoxyacetic acidā³ ,ā³cancerā³ and ā³dioxinā³ keywords were used in PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Ovid, Google Scholar, and Medline until 2012 and all publications that investigated the association between chroniccholophenols exposure in the production workplace and kidney cancer were identified. Publication bias was evaluated based on Egger test and funnel plot. We evaluated the heterogeneity of the studies with Q test. Random-effects model of DerSimonian Laird method was conducted in heterogenic studies, otherwise fixed-effects model based on Mentel-Henzel random-effects model was used.Results: Our search yielded 27 papers which investigated the association between chronic cholophenols exposure in the production workplace and cancer. After reviewing these papers 7 publications without overlapping represented standardized mortality rate (SMR) of kidney cancer. Results of metaanalysis showed that SMR for kidney cancer in workers with cholophenols exposure was increased (SMR: 1.25 ,95% CI: 0.9- 1.63, p = 0.09).Conclusions: The results of this study strengthen the evidence of cancer in occupational exposure to cholophenols contaminated with TCDD. Moreover, these compounds increased the risk of death from kidney cancer which was related to the type of cholophenols compound and dioxine contamination.Key words: Chlorophenol, Dioxine, Meta-Analysis, Kidney Cancer
Status of the shrimp sector in Bangladesh in the context of HACCP and trade issues: a review
Shrimp culture in Bangladesh has emerged as an important aquaculture industry over the last three decades although its culture in greater parts of the farming area is done in traditional ways. In the meantime, the government of Bangladesh has taken necessary measures along with the private sectors to increase production, upgrade processing industries and to promote export performance. Long supply chain in raw material collection, inadequate infrastructure facilities, poor level of cool chain and lack of adequate HACCP-based training on hygiene and sanitation of different groups of people involved in the field level are the main problems of quality loss of raw materials. Shortage of raw materials results in poor capacity utilization of the processing plants. The growth of bagda (P. monodon) hatchery has expanded rapidly over the last few years, remaining mostly concentrated in Cox's Bazar region is enough to meet the target production. However, there is a shortage of pelleted shrimp feed in Bangladesh. A large number of export processors are now producing increasing amounts of value-added products such as individually quick-frozen, peeled and divined, butterfly cut shrimp, as well as cooked products. The export earnings from value added products is about half of the total export value. About 95% of total fish products are exported to European countries, USA and Japan and the remaining to the Southeast Asia and the Middle East. Most of the EU approved shrimp processing industries have been upgraded with laboratory facilities and provided HACCP training to their workers. As of now, HACCP is applied on the processing plants, but to ensure the quality of raw materials and to reduce risks, shrimp farms are also required to adopt HACCP plan. There is increased pressure time to time from importing countries for fish processors to establish effective quality assurance system in processing plants. Fish Inspection and Quality Control (FIQC) of the Department of Fisheries while having moderately equipped laboratories with chemical, bio-chemical and microbiological testing facilities and qualified technical personnel, the creation of facilities for testing of antibiotics is underway. FIQC mainly supervises quality aspects of the processing plants and has little or no control over raw material supply chains from farm to processing plants. Bangladesh export consignments sometimes face rejection due to reported poor quality of the products. Three types of barriers are reported for export of shrimp to EU countries. These are:(1) government participation in trade and restrictive practices (state aid, countervailing duties, state trading enterprises, government monopoly practices), customs and administrative entry procedures (anti-dumping duties, customs valuation, classification, formalities, rules of origin); (2) technical barriers to trade or TBT (technical regulations, standards, testing, certification arrangement); (3) specific limitations (quantitative restrictions, import licensing, embargoes, exchange control, discriminatory sourcing, export restraints, measures to regulate domestic prices, requirements concerning marking, labeling and packaging)
Development of PCR-Based Detection System for Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae Pathogens Using Molecular Signatures
Pectobacterium and Dickeya species, usually referred to as soft rot Enterobacteriaceae, are phytopathogenic genera of bacteria that cause soft rot and blackleg diseases and are responsible for significant yield losses in many crops across the globe. Diagnosis of soft rot disease is difficult through visual disease symptoms. Pathogen detection and identification methods based on cultural and morphological identification are time-consuming and not always reliable. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection method with the species-specific primers is fast and reliable for detecting soft rot pathogens. We have developed a specific and sensitive detection system for some species of soft rot Pectobacteriaceae pathogens in the Pectobacterium and Dickeya genera based on the use of species-specific primers to amplify unique genomic segments. The specificities of primers were verified by PCR analysis of genomic DNA from 14 strains of Pectobacterium, 8 strains of Dickeya, and 6 strains of non-soft rot bacteria. This PCR assay provides a quick, simple, powerful, and reliable method for detection of soft rot bacteria
Modeling the dispersal effect to reduce the infection of COVID-19 in Bangladesh.
In this paper, we propose a four compartmental model to understand the dynamics of infectious disease COVID-19. We show the boundedness and non-negativity of solutions of the model. We analytically calculate the basic reproduction number of the model and perform the stability analysis at the equilibrium points to understand the epidemic and endemic cases based on the basic reproduction number. Our analytical results show that disease free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable (unstable) and endemic equilibrium point is unstable (asymptotically stable) if the basic reproduction number is less than (greater than) unity. The dispersal rate of the infected population and the social awareness control parameter are the main focus of this study. In our model, these parameters play a vital role to control the spread of COVID-19. Our results reveal that regional lockdown and social awareness (e.g., wearing a face mask, washing hands, social distancing) can reduce the pandemic of the current outbreak of novel coronavirus in a most densely populated country like Bangladesh
Multi -Layer Based Data Aggregation Algorithm for Convergence Platform of IoT and Cloud Computing
Sensor Networks (SN) are deployed in smart domain to sense the environment which is essential to provide the services according to the users need. Hundreds or sometimes thousands of sensors are involved in sensor networks for monitoring the target phenomenon. Large scale of sensory data have to be handle by the sensor network which create several problems such as waste of sensors energy, data redundancy. To overcome these deficiencies one most practice solution is data aggregation which can effectively decrease the massive amount of data generated in SNs by lessening occurrence in the sensing data.Ā The aim of this method is to lessen the massive use of data generated by surrounding nodes, thus saving network energy and providing valuable information for the end user. The effectiveness of any data aggregation technique is largely dependent on topology of the network. Among the various network topologies clustering is preferred as it provides better controllability, scalability and network maintenance phenomenon. In this research, a data aggregation technique is proposed based on Periodic Sensor Network (PSN) which achieved aggregation of data at two layers: the sensor nodes layer and the cluster head layer.Ā In sensor node layer set similarity function is used for checking the redundant data for each sensor node whereas Euclidean distance function is utilized in cluster head layer for discarding the redundancy of data between different sensor nodes. This aggregation technique is implemented in smart home where sensor network is deployed to capture environment related information (temperature, moisture, light, H2 level). Collected information is analyzed using ThinkSpeak cloud platform. For performance evaluation amount of aggregated data, number of pairs of redundant data, energy consumption, data latency, and data accuracy are analyzed and compared with the other state-of-art techniques. The result shows the important improvement of the performance of sensor networks
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