The Development of South Korean Cable Television and Issues of Localism, Competition, and Diversity

This research examines how the South Korean cable television industry has developed. The research reviews a brief history of the South Korean broadcast television system and examines the U.S. cable television system to provide better understanding of the development of the South Korean cable television. The research explains policies, laws, industrial structure, and three issues of localism, competition, and diversity. For diversity issue, the research performs an empirical study on whether or not the South Korean cable television provides programming diversity in that the South Korean government emphasizes diversity of content and choice whenever it introduces any new television medium

Multivariate Skew Normal Copula for Non-exchangeable Dependence

AbstractThe exchangeability assumption on the dependence structure of the multivariate data is restrictive in practical situations where the variables of interest are not likely to be associated to each other in an identical manner. In this paper, we propose a flexible class of multivariate skew normal copulas to model high-dimensional non-exchangeable dependence patterns. The proposed copulas have two sets of parameters capturing non-exchangeable dependence, one for association between the variables and the other for skewness of the variables. In order to efficiently estimate the two sets of parameters, we introduce the block coordinate ascent algorithm. The proposed class of multivariate skew normal copulas is illustrated using a real data set

Analysis of Recognition and Educational Needs on Competency of Secondary School Informatics Teachers

Recently, efforts have been made to enhance educational competency based on Computational Thinking (CT) in relation to informatics education at home and abroad. Although many informatics teachers training programs are steadily operated in order to cultivate the education capacity in response to the changing demands of the times, this is done without acceptance of an opinion process of informatics teachers’ educational needs. Therefore, this study analyzed recognition and educational needs based on the competency model developed for the informatics teachers in secondary school. Educational needs were analyzed using Borich’s needs formula. The results of the study are as follows: First, the average of Required Competency Level (RCL) of each competency-unit was higher than average of Present Competency Level (PCL) and there were statistically significant differences between RCL and PCL. Secondly, the educational need of each competency-unit was highest in ‘Informatics Teaching and Learning Strategy Establishment and Operation’. Thirdly, the educational needs of Knowledge domain showed the highest educational needs in the competencies of the ‘Informatics Teaching and Learning Strategy Establishment and Operation’ obtaining more than 7 points. Finally, the educational needs of Skill domain took the 1st to 3rd priorities and indicated higher in the competencies of the same competency-unit as Knowledge domain

Micro/Nano Hierarchical Super-Lyophobic Surfaces Against Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Alloy

Against a gallium-based liquid metal alloy, we report super-lyophobic surfaces that have micro/nano hierarchical structures made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and carbon nanotube (CNT) materials. The surface oxidation of the liquid metal is a challenging problem to be utilized for various applications, as it wets most surfaces. However, the micro/nano hierarchical structures of a fabricated-PDMS micro pillar array with dual-scale surface texturing and a grown-CNT surface enable one to minimize a contact area between the liquid metal droplet and the surface. Due to the low contact area, a large static contact angle and a low contact angle hysteresis are achieved, indicating super-lyophobic surfaces. Based on these super-lyophobic surfaces, the gallium-based liquid metal alloy can be more widely utilized for undeveloped applications that rely on the liquid metal’s mobility