Concave grating spectrometer Patent

Concave grating spectrometer for use in near and vacuum ultraviolet region

Effects of Public Investment in Infrastructure on Growth and Poverty in India

Counter factual policy simulations of sustained increase in public investment in infrastructure, financed through borrowing from commercial banks, shows substantial increase in private investment and thereby output in this sector. Further, due to increase in absorption, real private investment and thereby output in all the other three sectors also seems to increase, which sets-in motion several other macro economic changes. A 20% sustained increase in public investment in infrastructure, which is 0.5% of GDP and 2.7% of total govt. revenue in 2000-03, can accelerate the real macro economic growth by 1.8% in the medium to long-run (6-10 years after the policy change). This will be accompanied by a 1.4% fall in wholesale price index and 0.2% decline in the rate of inflation. Sectoral prices, except that of agriculture, also decline to varying extent, the steepest decline being for infrastructure price. Further, this increase in income will lead to 0.7% reduction in poverty in rural India. This shows the potential for achieving the much-debated 10% aggregate real GDP growth in the Indian economy.Public Inversment, Infrastructure, Growth, poverty, India

Effects of public investment in infrastructure on growth and poverty in India

Counter factual policy simulations of sustained increase in public investment in infrastructure, financed through borrowing from commercial banks, shows substantial increase in private investment and thereby output in this sector. Further, due to increase in absorption, real private investment and thereby output in all the other three sectors also seems to increase, which sets-in motion several other macro economic changes. A 20 sustained increase in public investment in infrastructure, which is 0.5 of GDP and 2.7 of total govt. revenue in 2000-03, can accelerate the real macro economic growth by 1.8 in the medium to long-run (6-10 years after the policy change). This will be accompanied by a 1.4 fall in wholesale price index and 0.2 decline in the rate of inflation. Sectoral prices, except that of agriculture, also decline to varying extent, the steepest decline being for infrastructure price. Further, this increase in income will lead to 0.7 reduction in poverty in rural India. This shows the potential for achieving the much-debated 10 aggregate real GDP growth in the Indian economy.

In-Situ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Strain, Temperature, and Strain-Rate Variations of Deformation-Induced Vacancy Concentration in Aluminum

Critical strain to serrated flow in solid solution alloys exhibiting dynamic strain aging (DSA) or Portevin–LeChatelier effect is due to the strain-induced vacancy production. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques can be used to monitor in situ the dynamical behavior of point and line defects in materials during deformation, and these techniques are nondestructive and noninvasive. The new CUT-sequence pulse method allowed an accurate evaluation of the strain-enhanced vacancy diffusion and, thus, the excess vacancy concentration during deformation as a function of strain, strain rate, and temperature. Due to skin effect problems in metals at high frequencies, thin foils of Al were used and experimental results correlated with models based on vacancy production through mechanical work (vs thermal jogs), while in situ annealing of excess vacancies is noted at high temperatures. These correlations made it feasible to obtain explicit dependencies of the strain-induced vacancy concentration on test variables such as the strain, strain rate, and temperature. These studies clearly reveal the power and utility of these NMR techniques in the determination of deformation-induced vacancies in situ in a noninvasive fashion.

Dipole Moments of Some Substituted Benzenes and Pyridines. Part III. Chloro-and Bromo Ethyl Benzenes

The dipole moments of six ethyl substituted benzenes were determined in dilute solution in benzene. The effects of methyl and ethyl groups on other substituent in the benzene ring have been discussed in the light of the observed moments

Taxonomy of the fishes of the family Leiognathidae (Pisces, Teleostei) from the West coast of India

Taxonomy of the fishes of the family Leiognathidae (Pisces, Teleostei) from the West coast of Indi

Reproductive biology of Leiognathus splendens (Cuvier) from Kochi, south-west coast of India

The reproductive biology of Leiognathus splendens (N = 2112) was studied using the samples collected from the Kerala coast during 1998 - 2000. A separate scale of five stages of maturation has been developed for the first time for any Indian marine fish and applied in the present study. Analysis of data on the ova diameter in different length groups showed that spawning takes place in batches at regular intervals after the juveniles undergo the process of maturation and reach ripe stage. Spawning takes place almost round the year. The length at first maturity was 75 mm. The estimated fecundity ranges from 5715 (88 mm TL) to 37160 (106 mm TL)