Studies on the influence of Microcystis aeruginosa on the ecology and fish production of carp culture ponds

In many fish ponds, blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) constitute the greater part of the phytoplankton. Of the blue-green algae common in fish ponds, Microcystis aeruginosa is said to be a noxious species. Itsometimes forms spectacular water blooms, often with harmful consequences such as depletion of oxygen, poor growth of fish and even mass mortality among the fish. The present study was aimed atinvestigating the influence of different levels of M. aeruginosa on the water quality and fish production of carp culture ponds. For the present study, three carp culture ponds with high, moderate and low levels ofM. aeruginosa were selected. In the three ponds, physico-chemical parameters of water, phyto- and zooplankton and fish production were studied. The results indicated that the fish yield was low withconcomitant fish mortalities in the pond with high levels of M. aeruginosa compared to the other two ponds. The influence of the different levels of M. aeruginosa on other planktonic groups and in turn their effect on fish production were analyzed and discussed in the light of the existing literature

Human Pathogenic Mycotoxins: Current Research and Emerging Trends

Fish utilization has been growing worldwide, primarily due to the availability, access, and price in relevance different style of meat consumption, such as grouse, pork, and poultry. Therefore, some problems begin to return back forward, primarily regarding the quality of fish on the market among the market. Fish health management is one all told the foremost vital problems among the assembly of cultivation species. Associate in nursing integer of studies has been conducted to acknowledge new procedures for reducing health problem of usually farmed species. Residues may be gift in any product of animal origin reason cost-effective losses and putt into a hazard human and animal welfare. Foodstuff contamination by mycotoxins may be a risk to human and animal health, and its in command of vital economic losses. Scenery phytotoxin laws are a flowery activity that involves interested parties and several other factors, each of a scientific and socio-economic nature might influence the institution of plant toxin limits and rules. The many countries had developed definite limits for mycotoxins in foodstuffs and feedstuffs, and therefore the number persists to grow, but the residual acceptable of mycotoxins within the fish remains nonexistent. Poison formation in agriculture foodstuffs happens in hot and wet weather, and inadequate or deficient storage facilities. In recent years, aflatoxins (AFs) and its environmental effects area unit mentioned in cultivation. This review is concentrated on effects of AFs in development

CADMIUM CHLORIDE INDUCED CHANGES IN PROTEIN MOLECULES OF THE FRESHWATER FISH CIRRHINUS MRIGALA (HAMILTON)

Abstract                       The fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) was exposed to the heavy metal Cadmium chloride for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, and the consequential LC50 values were calculated using Finney's probit analysis. The LC50 values obtained for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were 317.5, 316.5, 316.0 and 315.5 respectively. Later the fish were exposed to 96 h acute lethal and sub-lethal concentrations and the changes in protein subunits were analyzed in the tissue of the vital organs such as brain, liver, muscle, gill and kidney using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results revealed that among the protein molecules some became faded when compared to control fish protein molecules, whereas some protein bands disappeared. The analysis was made with the help of standard protein marker. The changes are more pronounced in the tissue of liver and muscle, which may be due to the involvement of liver in the detoxification mechanism. Whereas in case of muscle the changes in the protein banding pattern may be due to the consumption of energy through erratic movement caused due to the toxicant stress. It was also observed that the changes in kidney protein molecules is also more and this may be  due to the accumulation of cadmium chloride in kidney tissue. The results obtained were discussed at length with the available literature. Key words: Cadmium chloride, Cirrhinus mrigala, Protein molecules, Liver, LC50 and        SDS-PAGE

Evaluating The Suitability of Cirrhinus Mrigala in a Sintex Tank Culture System: A Promising Experimental Study

This pioneering study conducted by the Department of Aquaculture aimed to assess the suitability of Cirrhinus Mrigala, a freshwater species, for cultivation in a Sintex tank. The objective was to determine the growth potential and productivity of Cirrhinus Mrigala in this specific tank culture system. Over a period of 60 days, the final weights of the fish specimens were recorded as follows: 2.0g, 4.30g, 6.96g, 9.98g, 11.21g, and 14.17g, respectively. The total fish yield achieved during this period was 437.58 grams, utilizing a natural feeding regime. This study provides valuable insights as the first investigation in this domain, revealing promising indications for the implementation of Sintex tank culture for Cirrhinus Mrigala cultivation

Toxicity studies of butachlor to the freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch).

Abstract: The toxicity studies were conducted on the fish Channa punctata (Bloch) by employing static and continuous flow through systems, for the toxicant butachlor (technical grade + ) and its commercial formulation + (machete 50% E

Exploring the Natural Preservation Potential of Aqueous Guava Leaf Extracts on Pangasius Pangasius: An Experimental Study

Fish, being a significant biological indicator in water, serves as a valuable food source once harvested. However, the high protein content in fish makes it an ideal medium for microorganisms, which can lead to spoilage. In areas without access to freezers or ice, preserving fish becomes a challenge. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Psidium guajava (guava) leaves as a natural preservation method for Pangasius pangasius fish. Key parameters, including gills, eye, texture, odor, and mucilage, were used to evaluate fish quality. Leaf methanolic extract was applied at doses of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Data were collected between 1 and 3 days after storage. Results showed that fish quality declined and began to deteriorate after 2 days of storage, particularly in the control treatment (0% extract). However, the fish samples treated with doses of 60% and 80% experienced relatively good quality over the course of 2 days. Although some spoilage occurred in these samples, they remained suitable for consumption. In contrast, fish samples treated with other doses exhibited complete spoilage and were no longer consumable. In conclusion, guava leaf extracts offer a promising alternative for fish preservation

DETERMINATION OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN THE WATER OF PADDY FIELDS OF PRAKASAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

Organochlorine (OC) pesticide residues in pooled water of paddy field samples of Prakasam District have been investigated to find out the extent of pesticide contamination and accumulation. Collected Water samples were processed using a liquid-liquid extraction followed by Gas-Chromatographic technique for pesticide residue quantification with mass selective detector (GC-MS). The conditions were followed for GC, Column: HP-5MS

Serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels are reduced and inversely associated with intrahepatic lipid content and saturated fatty acid fraction in adult patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a

PURPOSE: De novo lipogenesis has been inversely associated with serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels. However, the directionality of this association has remained uncertain. We, therefore, studied individuals with glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD1a), who are characterized by a genetic defect in glucose-6-phosphatase resulting in increased rates of de novo lipogenesis, to assess the downstream effect on serum SHBG levels. METHODS: A case-control study comparing serum SHBG levels in patients with GSD1a (n = 10) and controls matched for age, sex, and BMI (n = 10). Intrahepatic lipid content and saturated fatty acid fraction were quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS: Serum SHBG levels were statistically significantly lower in patients with GSD1a compared to the controls (p = 0.041), while intrahepatic lipid content and intrahepatic saturated fatty acid fraction-a marker of de novo lipogenesis-were significantly higher in patients with GSD1a (p = 0.001 and p = 0.019, respectively). In addition, there was a statistically significant, inverse association of intrahepatic lipid content and saturated fatty acid fraction with serum SHBG levels in patients and controls combined (β: - 0.28, 95% CI: - 0.47;- 0.09 and β: - 0.02, 95% CI: - 0.04;- 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Patients with GSD1a, who are characterized by genetically determined higher rates of de novo lipogenesis, have lower serum SHBG levels than controls