Collaborative Research Publications Trends on Disaster Management: A Scientometric Analysis

Totally 24900 documents are retrieved from Scopus database covering from 1994 to 2018. Activity index and specialized index are deployed to study about research efforts, eminence and collaborative pattern of most prolific countries in the field of disaster management. Increasing trend of world productivity in the field of disaster management identified among most prolific countries. China and USA dominated by producing 19.88% and 19.42% of research documents and collaborated with other countries. India has attained with 5th position in the most productive countries and collaborated with 37 countries in the field of disaster management. India has higher affinity towards USA and produced 66 documents. During the study period 54.65% of articles are developed from collaborative work. International collaboration between developed and developing, under-developed countries will reduce the happening of disaster and aids the government to make policies to overcome from disasters

A PROSPECTIVE INTERVENTIONAL STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) TOWARDS TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PATIENTS WITH KOCH'S DISEASE

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of tuberculosis patients and to provide structured patient education through patient counselling on disease, drugs and lifestyle modifications in tuberculosis patients.Methods: All enrolled patient received structured & standard education regarding the disease tuberculosis, medication, diet & lifestyle modification after the preliminary assessment of KAP towards TB. Changes in the knowledge, attitude, and practice in the post-intervention phase were assessed and analyzed statistically.Results: Change in knowledge score of the patients before and after counselling was observed as 37.74% to 79.06% where the mean change in percentage is 41.32%. The change in the attitude of the patients before and after counselling was found to be 21.61%. Counseling towards practice before and after counseling was increased from 63.18% to 82.12% with a mean change of 18.94%.Conclusion: Change in KAP due to educating the patients would help in the increased adherence to antitubercular therapy (ATT) in the patients with tuberculosis; thereby resistance towards the drugs can be reduced.Keywords: Tuberculosis, Koch's disease, Compliance, KAP study

AN OUTLOOK ON THE MECHANISMS OF DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER DRUGS, FRUITS, HERBS AND THEIR PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Drugs taken by a person are affected by a number of ways. A number of interactions are known to affect the drugs, change its efficacy or result intoxicity. Habits of a common person could also cause such interactions. Most of the people have habits of smoking, consumption of alcohol and takingdietary supplements without the advice of their physicians. Some drug interactions such as those between drug-herbs and drug-citrus fruit wouldbring us shock; even small fruit could sometimes bring adverse drug reactions to occur in our body. Due to drug interactions, there would sometimesbe an increase or decrease in the efficacy of a drug. Being a pharmacist, it would be their ultimate role to check at a person's hygienic record, lookingand gathering information of the past recorded drugs, dietary supplements, hereditary diseases, etc. They would have to gather information aboutthe recently releasing drugs and know complete information on the reactions which occur on their administration. Knowledge to people about herbaland food-drug interactions is very less. They take them to be natural and do not care about its consequences. However, this interaction depends on theamount and the potency of pharmacologically active ingredient present in the compounds. These herbal drugs are known to contain a varying numberof phytochemicals which may cause a change to the transporters, enzymatic systems, causing failure of the therapeutic effect of the drug interactions.The elimination of some particular drugs is also affected due to these interactions. As a result of this interaction, a number of drugs which had takenbirth had quickly been removed from the US markets. Thus, the ways for a person to avoid these interactions can only be the above mentionedadvices given by the health practitioners, not to administer drugs by self-medication methods, taking a note of all the additional supplements takenby a patient to his physician, so that there is a clear picture about the interactions at their initial stage. (1) There are various drug interactions with anumber of factors. (2) Unless there is clear knowledge about the pathway of drug elimination, drug interaction stands to be very difficult to be avoided.Keywords: Drug-food interactions, Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, Drug-drug interactions.Â

Green HRM Practices and the Factors Forcing it: A Study on Health Care Entities in Chennai

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Global Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices on the efficiency of healthcare organizations in the Chennai area. It aims to understand how GHRM can contribute to the success of these organizations, despite potential conflicts with their core values.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employs a research methodology that focuses on healthcare organizations within the Chennai area. It employs a comprehensive approach to analyze the implementation of GHRM practices in this specific context. The research design allows for an in-depth exploration of how GHRM practices influence the efficiency of these organizations.   Findings: The findings of this study reveal that GHRM practices have a substantial impact on the efficiency of healthcare businesses in Chennai. Despite potential conflicts with their core values, these organizations benefit from the advanced HRM strategies associated with GHRM. The study uncovers valuable insights into the role of GHRM in the healthcare industry.   Research, Practical & Social implications: This research has implications for both research and practice. It provides valuable insights for academics and researchers studying the impact of HRM practices on different industries, especially in contexts where traditional values may be challenged. Additionally, it offers practical guidance for healthcare organizations in Chennai and beyond, demonstrating the potential benefits of adopting GHRM practices. On a broader social scale, the study underscores the adaptability and relevance of GHRM in diverse sectors.   Originality/Value: The originality and value of this study lie in its specific focus on healthcare organizations in Chennai and their adoption of GHRM practices. By examining a niche sector within a specific geographic region, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the applicability and benefits of GHRM. It adds to the body of knowledge by highlighting the adaptability of GHRM practices, even in industries with established core values, and underscores the potential for organizational success through strategic HR management

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND HAEMATOLOGICAL TRENDS IN PAEDIATRIC CASES OF DENGUE: A SINGLE CENTRE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU.

Aim: This study is an attempt to perform an analysis about the clinical profile, serological indicators and predictors of dengue in children. Materials And Methods: The study was conducted including paediatric dengue admissions into a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chennai. Children under the age of 15 were included in the study. The demographic details, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of these patients were collected by reviewing medical records and the data was entered into a standardized data collection sheet. Results: In the study, it was found that the mean age was 8.5 years. It was found that males (59.6%, n=34) were slightly more affected than females. On clinical examination, 24.5% of the subjects showed hepatomegaly and 5 cases of the subjects showed fluid accumulation in the abdomen. A majority (66.6%) of the subjects showed thrombocytopenia; with 31 having mild to moderate thrombocytopenia and 7 children having severe thrombocytopenia. An elevation of serum SGOT levels (>120 IU/L) was seen in about 80.7% of the patients. About 12% of the subjects showed hyponatremia. Conclusion: It is observed in our study that the presence of prodromal symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, vomiting, and lethargy does not preclude the diagnosis of dengue. Severe dengue was associated with a large decrease in platelet counts with severe thrombocytopenia leading to shock in the majority of the cases. Elevated liver enzymes were an added feature with the Transaminase levels being ten times the upper limit of normal. Hyponatremia was also a notable laboratory derangement. Recommendation: The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, other OTC pain relievers like aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), and naproxen sodium (Aleve) should be avoided. These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications

Oxidation behavior of graphene-coated copper at intrinsic graphene defects of different origins

The development of ultrathin barrier films is vital to the advanced semiconductor industry. Graphene appears to hold promise as a protective coating; however, the polycrystalline and defective nature of engineered graphene hinders its practical applications. Here, we investigate the oxidation behavior of graphene-coated Cu foils at intrinsic graphene defects of different origins. Macro-scale information regarding the spatial distribution and oxidation resistance of various graphene defects is readily obtained using optical and electron microscopies after the hot-plate annealing. The controlled oxidation experiments reveal that the degree of structural deficiency is strongly dependent on the origins of the structural defects, the crystallographic orientations of the underlying Cu grains, the growth conditions of graphene, and the kinetics of the graphene growth. The obtained experimental and theoretical results show that oxygen radicals, decomposed from water molecules in ambient air, are effectively inverted at Stone-Wales defects into the graphene/Cu interface with the assistance of facilitators

Implementation and efficacy of “saving mothers score” in predicting maternal morbidity and improving maternofetal outcome

Background:“Saving Mothers Score” (SMS) was developed and validated as a comprehensive obstetric score for identification of sick mothers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the SMS chart to predict maternal morbidity and improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Materials and Methods: A single-center randomized study was done on 700 subjects of two groups from February 2017 to 2018. The subjects were treated as per the existing hospital norms in Group A (n = 360) and SMS chart was used in addition to the hospital norms in Group B (n = 340). Results: Demographic data, preterm deliveries, and cesarean delivery rate were not significantly different in both groups. Postpartum hemorrhage was significantly more in Group A when compared with Group B where SMS chart was used (unadjusted odds ratio 3.22, 95% confidence interval: 1.59, 6.97, P = 0.0004). The overall morbidity was higher (P = 0.0001) in Group A. The mean hospital stay was longer in Group A (P = 0.0001). Neonatal morbidity was 14.4% in Group A and 10.3% in Group B (P = 0.169). APACHE II (mean 10.87, range 0–18) and SOFA (mean 7.75, range 0–12) scores were determined along with SMS (mean 18.87, range 5–26) in eight critically ill parturients. There was no maternal mortality in this series. Conclusion: SMS predicts maternal morbidity and can help initiation of appropriate treatment to improve maternal and hence fetal outcome. Multicentric studies are needed for further evaluation and comparison of SMS to APACHE II and SOFA scores

Development and validation of saving mothers score: A comprehensive scoring system for early identification of sick mothers

Context: Early identification of high-risk parturient and maternal physiological deterioration may reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. Aims: This study aimed to develop a comprehensive scoring system 'Saving Mothers Score' (SMS) to identify the sick mothers and validate SMS against the existing Modified Early Obstetric Warning System (MEOWS). Settings and Design: The SMS was developed through a formative research, item pool generation, content and construct validity. Methodology: Thirty-three (33) items were identified and pooled into three parameters pregnancy-related risk factors, physiological variables and biochemical tests. Each item was given a colour coding and a score. The trigger and score of SMS was prospectively analysed in 120 obstetric in-patients. Statistical Analysis Used: Tests of diagnostic effectiveness and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) around point estimates. Results: Forty six women triggered (38.33%; 95% CI: 29.96, 47.26) and 41 (81.93%, 95% CI: 77.54, 95.91) of these 46 women developed morbidity. The overall accuracy of SMS chart was similar for trigger [sensitivity 60.9%; specificity 98.6%, area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.80] and scoring (sensitivity 56.1%; specificity 92.4%, AUROC 0.74) with positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.6% and 80.2%, respectively. The accuracy of SMS was comparable to MEOWS (sensitivity 54.6%, specificity 97.8%, PPV 92.5% and NPV 79.9%). Conclusions: The diagnostic effectiveness of SMS was comparable to MEOWS. SMS may be used as a screening test to identify a sick mother. SMS can predict morbidity, help in triage and early intervention or timely referral to a higher centre