31 research outputs found
Modelling of risk factors for long-term sickness absence due to mental disorders in a sample of 7112 patients assessed during the period 2008–2011.
<p>Modelling of risk factors for long-term sickness absence due to mental disorders in a sample of 7112 patients assessed during the period 2008–2011.</p
Descriptive and comparative data for clinical and social/employment-related variables in a sample of 7112 patients according to whether or not they presented a relapse.
<p>Descriptive and comparative data for clinical and social/employment-related variables in a sample of 7112 patients according to whether or not they presented a relapse.</p
Descriptive and comparative data for clinical and social/employment-related variables in a sample of 7112 patients according to whether or not they presented long-term sickness absence.
<p>Descriptive and comparative data for clinical and social/employment-related variables in a sample of 7112 patients according to whether or not they presented long-term sickness absence.</p
Predictive capacity of the UPPS-P Impulsivity Facets on the presence of NSSI behavior: logistic regression adjusted by the covariates age and diagnostic group.
<p>Adjusted Nagelkerke’s-<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> =. 115</p><p>OR = Odd Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval</p><p>Predictive capacity of the UPPS-P Impulsivity Facets on the presence of NSSI behavior: logistic regression adjusted by the covariates age and diagnostic group.</p
Prevalence rates for lifetime NSSI and comparison between diagnostic group.
<p>CI = Confidence Interval, OR = Odds Ratio, HC = Healthy Controls, AN-R = Anorexia Nervosa Restrictive Subtype, AN-BP = Anorexia Nervosa Binge-eating/Purging type, BN = Bulimia Nervosa, EDNOS = Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified</p><p>Prevalence rates for lifetime NSSI and comparison between diagnostic group.</p
Comparison for the UPPS-P dimensions based on the NSSI behavior and the diagnostic group.
<p>ANOVA controlled for age. NĂ—G = interaction NSSI Ă— group.</p><p>NSSI = Non-Suicidal Self Injury, HC = Healthy Controls, AN-R = Anorexia Nervosa Restrictive Subtype, AN-BP = Anorexia Nervosa Binge-eating/Purging type, BN = Bulimia Nervosa, EDNOS = Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified</p><p>CI = Confidence Interval MD: mean difference.</p><p>Results include Bonferroni-Simes correction for multiple significance tests.</p><p>Comparison for the UPPS-P dimensions based on the NSSI behavior and the diagnostic group.</p
Means (standard errors) for the UPPS-P dimensions based on the diagnostic group and the NSSI behavior adjusted for age.
<p>NSSI = Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, HC = Healthy Controls, AN-R = Anorexia Nervosa Restrictive Subtype, AN-BP = Anorexia Nervosa Binge-eating/Purging type, BN = Bulimia Nervosa, EDNOS = Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified</p><p>Means (standard errors) for the UPPS-P dimensions based on the diagnostic group and the NSSI behavior adjusted for age.</p
Radar chart for the UPPS-P mean scores and the lifetime prevalence of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), stratified by the diagnostic subtypes [Healthy Controls (HC), Anorexia Nervosa-Restrictive type (AN-R), Anorexia Nervosa-Binge-eating/Purging type (AN-BP), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)].
<p>Radar chart for the UPPS-P mean scores and the lifetime prevalence of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), stratified by the diagnostic subtypes [Healthy Controls (HC), Anorexia Nervosa-Restrictive type (AN-R), Anorexia Nervosa-Binge-eating/Purging type (AN-BP), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)].</p
Brain Structural Alterations in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients with Autogenous and Reactive Obsessions
<div><p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition. Although structural brain alterations have been consistently reported in OCD, their interaction with particular clinical subtypes deserves further examination. Among other approaches, a two-group classification in patients with autogenous and reactive obsessions has been proposed. The purpose of the present study was to assess, by means of a voxel-based morphometry analysis, the putative brain structural correlates of this classification scheme in OCD patients. Ninety-five OCD patients and 95 healthy controls were recruited. Patients were divided into autogenous (n = 30) and reactive (n = 65) sub-groups. A structural magnetic resonance image was acquired for each participant and pre-processed with SPM8 software to obtain a volume-modulated gray matter map. Whole-brain and voxel-wise comparisons between the study groups were then performed. In comparison to the autogenous group, reactive patients showed larger gray matter volumes in the right Rolandic operculum. When compared to healthy controls, reactive patients showed larger volumes in the putamen (bilaterally), while autogenous patients showed a smaller left anterior temporal lobe. Also in comparison to healthy controls, the right middle temporal gyrus was smaller in both patient subgroups. Our results suggest that autogenous and reactive obsessions depend on partially dissimilar neural substrates. Our findings provide some neurobiological support for this classification scheme and contribute to unraveling the neurobiological basis of clinical heterogeneity in OCD.</p></div
Self and other body perception in anorexia nervosa: The role of posterior DMN nodes
<p><b>Objectives:</b> Body image distortion is a core symptom of anorexia nervosa (AN), which involves alterations in self- (and other’s) evaluative processes arising during body perception. At a neural level, self-related information is thought to rely on areas of the so-called default mode network (DMN), which, additionally, shows prominent synchronised activity at rest.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Twenty female patients with AN and 20 matched healthy controls were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging when: (a) viewing video clips of their own body and another's body; (b) at rest. Between-group differences within the DMN during task performance were evaluated and further explored for task-related and resting-state-related functional connectivity alterations.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> AN patients showed a hyperactivation of the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex during their own-body processing but a response failure to another’s body processing at the precuneus and ventral PCC. Increased task-related connectivity was found between dPCC–dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and precuneus–mid-temporal cortex. Further, AN patients showed decreased resting-state connectivity between the dPCC and the angular gyrus.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> The PCC and the precuneus are suggested as key components of a network supporting self–other-evaluative processes implicated in body distortion, while the existence of DMN alterations at rest might reflect a sustained, task-independent breakdown within this network in AN.</p