139,235 research outputs found
The Blurred Line between Physical Ageing and Mental Health in Older Adults: Implications for the Measurement of Depression
Objectives: Depression in older adults is assessed using measures validated in the general adult population. However, such measures may be inappropriate in the elderly due to the similarities between ageing and the symptoms of depression. This article discusses whether these measures are fit for the purpose and the implications of using inappropriate tools. Methods: A commentary on measuring depression in older adults. Results: Depression symptoms may be mistaken for signs of ageing. Several measures of depression include items that may have a physical cause and thus generate measurement error. Those studies that have assessed the psychometric properties of depression measures in older adults have failed to conduct appropriate assessments of discriminant validity. Discussion: Research is needed to determine whether the conceptual similarity between some symptoms of depression and the effects of ageing translate to factorial similarity. If so, there may be a need for a specific depression measure for older adults that prioritises psychological symptoms
Advanced substructuring techniques Interim report
Digital computer programs for evaluating free undamped vibrational characteristics of structural system
On the Power-Law Tail in the Mass Function of Protostellar Condensations and Stars
We explore the idea that the power-law tail in the mass function of
protostellar condensations and stars arises from the accretion of ambient cloud
material on to a condensation, coupled with a nonuniform (exponential)
distribution of accretion lifetimes. This model allows for the generation of
power-law distributions in all star-forming regions, even if condensations
start with a lognormal mass distribution, as may be expected from the central
limit theorem, and supported by some recent numerical simulations of turbulent
molecular clouds. For a condensation mass with growth rate , an analytic three-parameter probability density function is derived; it
resembles a lognormal at low mass and has a pure power-law high-mass tail. An
approximate power-law tail is also expected for other growth laws, and we
calculate the distribution for the plausible case .
Furthermore, any single time snapshot of the masses of condensations that are
still accreting (and are of varying ages) also yields a distribution with a
power-law tail similar to that of the IMF.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in MNRAS (Letters section
The Intrinsic Shapes of Molecular Cloud Fragments over a Range of Length Scales
We decipher intrinsic three-dimensional shape distributions of molecular
clouds, cloud cores, Bok globules, and condensations using recently compiled
catalogues of observed axis ratios for these objects mapped in carbon monoxide,
ammonia, through optical selection, or in continuum dust emission. We apply
statistical techniques to compare assumed intrinsic axis ratio distributions
with observed projected axis ratio distributions. Intrinsically triaxial shapes
produce projected distributions which agree with observations. Molecular clouds
mapped in CO are intrinsically triaxial but more nearly prolate than
oblate, while the smaller cloud cores, Bok globules, and condensations are also
intrinsically triaxial but more nearly oblate than prolate.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures. Version with color figures can be found at
http://www.astro.uwo.ca/~cjones/ or http://www.astro.uwo.ca/~basu/. To appear
in ApJ, 10 April 2002, v. 569, no.
Coal-rock interface detector
A coal-rock interface detector is presented which employs a radioactive source and radiation sensor. The source and sensor are separately and independently suspended and positioned against a mine surface of hydraulic pistons, which are biased from an air cushioned source of pressurized hydraulic fluid
The mosaics of Mars: As seen by the Viking Lander cameras
The mosaics and derivative products produced from many individual high resolution images acquired by the Viking Lander Camera Systems are described: A morning and afternoon mosaic for both cameras at the Lander 1 Chryse Planitia site, and a morning, noon, and afternoon camera pair at Utopia Planitia, the Lander 11 site. The derived products include special geometric projections of the mosaic data sets, polar stereographic (donut), stereoscopic, and orthographic. Contour maps and vertical profiles of the topography were overlaid on the mosaics from which they were derived. Sets of stereo pairs were extracted and enlarged from stereoscopic projections of the mosaics
Analytic design of a 2.0 GHz space borne linear injected beam crossed field amplifier Final report
High efficiency design for crossed field amplifier for application in synchronous satellite
Use of an air-assisted fuel nozzle to reduce idle emissions of a jt8d engine combustor
Tests were performed at typical engine idle conditions on a single-can JT8D combustor installed in a 24 centimeter (9.45 in.) housing to evaluate the effect of an air-assist nozzle on reducing exhaust emissions. By injecting high-pressure air through the secondary-flow passage of a standard duplex fuel nozzle, it was possible to reduce hydrocarbon emissions from 840 parts per million to 95 parts per million and carbon monoxide emissions from 873 parts per million to 258 parts per million. NOX emissions increased slightly from 18 parts per million to 22 parts per million. An air-assist differential pressure of only 20.1 newtons per square centimeter (29.1 psi) and an airflow rate of only 0.22 percent of the total combustor airflow was required
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