1,246 research outputs found
The Dilemma and Path Innovation of Education in Ethnic Minority Areas
Due to historical culture, natural geography, economic foundation and other reasons, the development of ethnic education still faces some special difficulties and outstanding problems, and the overall development level is relatively low. Education in some ethnic minority areas faces the real predicament of imbalanced educational resources, great shackles in traditional ideas, and difficulty in promoting education informatization. In order to accelerate the development of education in ethnic minority areas and achieve long-term peace and stability in the country, it is necessary to establish universal and special policies and promote long-term education mechanisms, and innovate the education path in ethnic minority areas in order to solve these dilemmas
STSyn: Speeding Up Local SGD with Straggler-Tolerant Synchronization
Synchronous local stochastic gradient descent (local SGD) suffers from some
workers being idle and random delays due to slow and straggling workers, as it
waits for the workers to complete the same amount of local updates. In this
paper, to mitigate stragglers and improve communication efficiency, a novel
local SGD strategy, named STSyn, is developed. The key point is to wait for the
fastest workers, while keeping all the workers computing continually at
each synchronization round, and making full use of any effective (completed)
local update of each worker regardless of stragglers. An analysis of the
average wall-clock time, average number of local updates and average number of
uploading workers per round is provided to gauge the performance of STSyn. The
convergence of STSyn is also rigorously established even when the objective
function is nonconvex. Experimental results show the superiority of the
proposed STSyn against state-of-the-art schemes through utilization of the
straggler-tolerant technique and additional effective local updates at each
worker, and the influence of system parameters is studied. By waiting for
faster workers and allowing heterogeneous synchronization with different
numbers of local updates across workers, STSyn provides substantial
improvements both in time and communication efficiency.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, submitted for transaction publicatio
The Association of Parent-Child Communication With Internet Addiction in Left-Behind Children in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Objective: Internet addiction has emerged as a growing concern worldwide. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of Internet addiction between left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children (non-LBC), and explore the role of paternal and maternal parent-child communication on LBC.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in rural areas in Anhui, China. The complete data were available from 699 LBC and 740 non-LBC. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine 1) whether LBC were more likely to develop Internet addiction, and 2) the association between parent-child communication and Internet addiction among LBC.
Results: LBC had a higher likelihood to report Internet addiction when compared to non-LBC (OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.43–2.88, p \u3c 0.001). Among LBC, parent-child communication (both mother-child and father-child) was protective factor for children’s Internet addiction. The role of mother-child communication played well among male LBC.
Conclusions: The lack of parental supervision may lead to Internet addiction. It is highly recommended for migrant parents to improve the quality of communication with their children. Also, gender-matching effects should be considered in the relationship between children’s behavior and parental factors
DRAG: Divergence-based Adaptive Aggregation in Federated learning on Non-IID Data
Local stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a fundamental approach in
achieving communication efficiency in Federated Learning (FL) by allowing
individual workers to perform local updates. However, the presence of
heterogeneous data distributions across working nodes causes each worker to
update its local model towards a local optimum, leading to the phenomenon known
as ``client-drift" and resulting in slowed convergence. To address this issue,
previous works have explored methods that either introduce communication
overhead or suffer from unsteady performance. In this work, we introduce a
novel metric called ``degree of divergence," quantifying the angle between the
local gradient and the global reference direction. Leveraging this metric, we
propose the divergence-based adaptive aggregation (DRAG) algorithm, which
dynamically ``drags" the received local updates toward the reference direction
in each round without requiring extra communication overhead. Furthermore, we
establish a rigorous convergence analysis for DRAG, proving its ability to
achieve a sublinear convergence rate. Compelling experimental results are
presented to illustrate DRAG's superior performance compared to
state-of-the-art algorithms in effectively managing the client-drift
phenomenon. Additionally, DRAG exhibits remarkable resilience against certain
Byzantine attacks. By securely sharing a small sample of the client's data with
the FL server, DRAG effectively counters these attacks, as demonstrated through
comprehensive experiments
Swept blade influence on aerodynamic performance of steam turbine nozzle cascades
To improve the aerodynamic performance of steam turbine nozzle cascades, it is significant to study the effect of swept blades to control the flow field within the cascade. Numerical simulations of three different sweep angle blades (−20°, +20° and 0°) were carried out, using CFD modelling. Simulation results showed that the aft-swept blade can effectively improve the corresponding flow characteristics and reduce the total pressure loss. Meanwhile, it has better aerodynamic performance than the straight blade and the fore-swept blade
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