Spreading the word -current status of VO tutorials and schools

With some telescopes standing still, now more than ever simple access to archival data is vital for astronomers and they need to know how to go about it. Within Eu- ropean Virtual Observatory (VO) projects, such as AIDA (2008-2010), ICE (2010- 2012), CoSADIE (2013-2015), ASTERICS (2015-2018) and ESCAPE (since 2019), we have been offering Virtual Observatory schools for many years. The aim of these schools are twofold: teaching (early career) researchers about the functionalities and possibilities within the Virtual Observatory and collecting feedback from the astronom- ical community. In addition to the VO schools on the European level, different national teams have also put effort into VO dissemination. The team at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) started to explore more and new ways to interact with the community: a series of blog posts on AstroBetter.com or a lunch time session at the virtual EAS meeting 2020. The Spanish VO has conducted virtual VO schools. GAVO has supported online archive workshops and maintains their Virtual Observatory Text Treasures. In this paper, we present the different formats in more detail, and report on the resulting interaction with the community as well as the estimated reach

Spreading the Word - Current Status of VO Tutorials and Schools

International audienceWith some telescopes standing still, now more than ever simple access to archival data is vital for astronomers, and they need to know how to go about it. Within European Virtual Observatory (VO) projects, such AIDA (2008-2010), ICE (2010- 2012), CoSADIE (2013-2015), ASTERICS (2015-2018) and ESCAPE (since 2019), we have been offering Virtual Observatory schools for many years. The aim of these schools are twofold: teaching (early career) researchers about the functionalities and possibilities within the Virtual Observatory and collecting feedback from the astronomical community. In addition to the VO schools on the European level, different national teams have also put effort into VO dissemination. The team at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) started to explore more and new ways to interact with the community: a series of blog posts on AstroBetter.com or a lunchtime session at the virtual EAS meeting 2020. The Spanish VO has conducted virtual VO schools. GAVO has supported online archive workshops and maintains their Virtual Observatory Text Treasures. In this paper, we present the different formats in more detail, and report on the resulting interaction with the community as well as the estimated reach

GaiaNIR: Combining optical and Near-Infra-Red (NIR) capabilities with Time-Delay-Integration (TDI) sensors for a future Gaia-like mission

ESA recently called for new "Science Ideas" to be investigated in terms of feasibility and technological developments -- for technologies not yet sufficiently mature. These ideas may in the future become candidates for M or L class missions within the ESA Science Program. With the launch of Gaia in December 2013, Europe entered a new era of space astrometry following in the footsteps of the very successful Hipparcos mission from the early 1990s. Gaia is the successor to Hipparcos, both of which operated in optical wavelengths, and Gaia is two orders of magnitude more accurate in the five astrometric parameters and is surveying four orders of magnitude more stars in a vast volume of the Milky Way. The combination of the Hipparcos/Tycho-2 catalogues with the first early Gaia data release will give improved proper motions over a long ~25 year baseline. The final Gaia solution will also establish a new optical reference frame by means of quasars, by linking the optical counterparts of radio (VLBI) sources defining the orientation of the reference frame, and by using the zero proper motion of quasars to determine a non-rotating frame. A weakness of Gaia is that it only operates at optical wavelengths. However, much of the Galactic centre and the spiral arm regions, important for certain studies, are obscured by interstellar extinction and this makes it difficult for Gaia to deeply probe. Traditionally, this problem is overcome by switching to the infra-red but this was not possible with Gaia's CCDs. Additionally, to scan the entire sky and make global absolute parallax measurements the spacecraft must have a constant rotation and this requires that the CCDs operate in TDI mode, increasing their complexity

Voyage 2050 White Paper: All-Sky Visible and Near Infrared Space Astrometry

A new all-sky visible and Near-InfraRed (NIR) space astrometry mission with a wavelength cutoff in the K-band is not just focused on a single or small number of key science cases. Instead, it is extremely broad, answering key science questions in nearly every branch of astronomy while also providing a dense and accurate visible-NIR reference frame needed for future astronomy facilities. For almost 2 billion common stars the combination of Gaia and a new all-sky NIR astrometry mission would provide much improved proper motions, answering key science questions -- from the solar system and stellar systems, including exoplanet systems, to compact galaxies, quasars, neutron stars, binaries and dark matter substructures. The addition of NIR will result in up to 8 billion newly measured stars in some of the most obscured parts of our Galaxy, and crucially reveal the very heart of the Galactic bulge region. In this white paper we argue that rather than improving on the accuracy, a greater overall science return can be achieved by going deeper than Gaia and by expanding the wavelength range to the NIR