Synthesis of Seco-Chlorinated Derivatives of Phenanthroindolizidine Precursors via Friedel-Crafts Reaction

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Actinofuranones D-I from a Lichen-Associated Actinomycetes, Streptomyces gramineus, and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Six new metabolites, actinofuranones D-I (compounds 1–6), were isolated together with three known compounds—JBIR-108 (7), E-975 (8), and E-492 (9)—from a fermentation broth of Streptomyces gramineus derived from the lichen Leptogium trichophorum. The structures of the new compounds 1–6 were established using comprehensive NMR spectroscopic data analysis, as well as UV, IR, and MS data. The anti-inflammatory activity of these isolated compounds were evaluated by examining their ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Compounds 4, 5, 8, and 9 attenuated the production of NO due to the suppression of the expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, 4, 5, 8, and 9 also inhibited LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)

Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Phenanthrene-Based Alkaloids

A series of phenanthrene-based tylophorine derivatives (PBTs) were synthesized and their cytotoxic activities against the H460 human large-cell lung carcinoma cell line were evaluated. Among these compounds, N-(3-hydroxy-2,6,7-tri-methoxyphenanthr-9-ylmethyl)-L-prolinol (5a), and N-(3-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethoxy-phenanthr-9-ylmethyl)-L-valinol (9) exhibited good activities, with IC50 values of 11.6 and 6.1 mM, respectively

Isostreptazolin and Sannaphenol, Two New Metabolites from Streptomyces sannanensis

Two new compounds, isostreptazolin (1) and sannaphenol (2), were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sannanensis and their structures elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS, IR and UV spectroscopic data analysis. The cytotoxic activity of 1 and 2 were evaluated. Both compounds were inactive against H460 and HeLa cell lines at 100 mM

Isostreptazolin and Sannaphenol, Two New Metabolites from Streptomyces sannanensis

Two new compounds, isostreptazolin (1) and sannaphenol (2), were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sannanensis and their structures elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS, IR and UV spectroscopic data analysis. The cytotoxic activity of 1 and 2 were evaluated. Both compounds were inactive against H460 and HeLa cell lines at 100 mM

Jiangrines A–F and Jiangolide from an Actinobacterium, <i>Jiangella gansuensis</i>

Seven new compounds, including five pyrrol-2-aldehyde derivatives, jiangrines A–E (<b>1</b>–<b>5</b>), one indolizine derivative, jiangrine F (<b>7</b>), and one glycolipid, jiangolide (<b>8</b>), along with a known compound, pyrrolezanthine (<b>6</b>), were isolated from the fermentation broth of <i>Jiangella gansuensis</i>, an actinobacterium assigned to a novel family, Jiangellaceae, and a novel order, Jiangellales. The structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and through chemical methods. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>/<b>4</b>, <b>5</b>, <b>6</b>, and <b>8</b> demonstrated inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, with IC₅₀ values of 97.8, 60.7, 30.1, 54.9, 58.8, and 61.4 μM, respectively

Tailoring vertical phase distribution of quasi-two-dimensional perovskite films via surface modification of hole-transporting layer

Vertical phase distribution plays an important role in the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite solar cells. So far, the driving force and how to tailor the vertical distribution of layer numbers have been not discussed. In this work, we report that the vertical distribution of layer numbers in the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite films deposited on a hole-transporting layer is different from that on glass substrate. The vertical distribution could be explained by the sedimentation equilibrium because of the colloidal feature of the perovskite precursors. Acid addition will change the precursors from colloid to solution that therefore changes the vertical distribution. A self-assembly layer is used to modify the acidic surface property of the hole-transporting layer that induces the appearance of desired vertical distribution for charge transport. The quasi-two-dimensional perovskite cells with the surface modification display a higher open-circuit voltage and a higher efficiency comparing to reference quasi-two-dimensional cells

Violapyrones A–G, α‑Pyrone Derivatives from <i>Streptomyces violascens</i> Isolated from <i>Hylobates hoolock</i> Feces

Seven new 3,4,6-trisubstituted α-pyrone derivatives, violapyrones A–G (<b>1</b>–<b>7</b>), were isolated from <i>Streptomyces violascens</i> obtained from <i>Hylobates hoolock</i> feces. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. The antimicrobial activities of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and against fungi. Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> showed moderate antibacterial activities against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with MIC values of 4–32 μg/mL