A Review of Problem-Based Learning on Cognition and Creativity Skills Among Art Student in China

This research article conducts a systematic literature review of problem-based learning (PBL) in art education and its impact on the cognitive and creativity skills of students in China and globally. The concept of creativity education, which refers to the framework, policies, environments, and pedagogical practices used to foster creative thinking, has gained significant attention in recent years. Studies have shown that PBL can lead to increased motivation and engagement among students, as well as improved critical thinking and problem-solving skills. However, there are challenges that need to be addressed to effectively implement PBL in art education, such as a lack of teacher training and a need for more research to understand how PBL can be effectively integrated into existing curricula. The article provides insight on the current state of PBL in art education and its potential impact on students' cognitive and creativity skills, offering guidance for future research in this field

Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) Strategies for the Growth of Digital Business in Small-medium Enterprise (SME)

Small and medium-sized business expansion is a dynamic process of development. It grows despite many alterations that exceed its organization, resources, and skills, as well as market demands. Its operations mostly leverage gaps in niche markets and integrate resources. Small and medium-sized businesses can rely on digital platforms to efficiently execute regulations and achieve faster growth in the Internet environment, but consumer and public evaluation is a crucial element in assisting the development of businesses. Consumers and the general public use Internet resources to publish information about businesses, products, and services. The electronic word-of-mouth generated by these evaluation effects not just the purchasing behavior of consumers, but also the enterprise brand value. The influence of electronic word-of-mouth is evident throughout the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This study examines the mechanism of electronic word-of-mouth and focuses on the application strategy of electronic word-of-mouth in the evolution of small and medium-sized businesses

Does the Use of English-language Questionnaires in Cross-national Research Obscure National Differences?

Cross-national research is plagued by many obstacles. This article focuses on one of these obstacles: the fact that research in more than one country usually involves respondents with different native languages. We investigated whether the language of the questionnaire influences response patterns. More specifically we tested whether responding in a common language (English) leads to a homogenization of responses across countries, hence obscuring national differences. We tested this hypothesis with a sample of 3419 undergraduate students in 24 countries. Half the students in each country received an English-language questionnaire, while the other half received the same questionnaire in their native language. Three types of questions were included in the questionnaire: questions about cultural norms and values, questions about characteristics of the ideal type of jobs that students would prefer after graduation, and questions about the reasons for choosing particular electives in their studies. Differences across countries were considerably smaller for nearly all questions when the English-language questionnaire was used. Consequences and recommendations for cross-national research and management are discussed. La recherche comparée internationale est jalonnée de multiples obstacles. Cet article se concentre sur l’un d’entre eux : le fait que les études conduites sur plusieurs pays impliquent généralement des répondants aux langues maternelles variées. L’objectif est de déterminer si la langue utilisée dans un questionnaire influence les réponses obtenues. Plus précisément, l’hypothèse que l’administration d’un questionnaire dans une seule langue commune (l’anglais) conduit à une homogénéisation des réponses entre pays a été testée, ceci signifiant donc une atténuation des différences internationales. L’étude empirique a été menée sur un échantillon de 3419 étudiants dans 24 pays. La moitié des étudiants de chaque pays a reçu le questionnaire en anglais, l’autre moitié dans leur langue maternelle. Trois types de questions constituaient le questionnaire : des questions sur les normes et valeurs culturelles, sur les caractéristiques de l’emploi idéal type que les étudiants aimeraient trouver après l’obtention de leur diplôme et des questions sur les raisons pour lesquelles ils avaient choisi certains électifs au cours de leurs études. Les différences entre pays se sont avérées être largement inférieures pour la quasi-totalité des questions quand le questionnaire en anglais avait été utilisé. Les conséquences et recommandations pour la recherche et le management comparés en milieu international sont finalement discutées