ESTUDO DA TÉCNICA DO IMBRICAMENTO DA PAREDE LIVRE DO VENTRÍCULO ESQUERDO EM CÃES (Canis familiaris Lin.)

The partial ventriculectomy, based on Laplaces law, which reduces the left ventricular distance, has been used in human beings for the treatment of dilated Cardiomyopathy (BATISTA, 1996). As an alternative to reduce the left ventricular diameter and treat dogs with such disease, it was proposed an experimental technique - The Left Ventricular Imbrication, in Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Like the former technique the purpose of the latter is to improve ventricular function. In order to develop the experimental technique eight normal, adult mongrel dogs were used. The animals received acepromazin and atropine sulphate as pre-anesthetic and anesthesia was induced with sodium thiopental and maintained with ether. After a "T shaped" pericardiothomy, the free wall of the left ventricle was imbricated by avoiding coronary vessels and fastened by three interrupted transfixed sutures in a mattress pattern with a 3-0 polypropylene straight cutting needle assembled suture. The technique is cheap and extracorporeal circulation is not necessary. Echcardiographic controls were done 24 hours before 48 hours after the surgery. The electrocardiogram was registered before as well as 1, 2, 7, 15, 21, 30, and 60 days after the surgery. The echocardiography measures indicate a mean reduction of 23.5% (35.2625 ± 5.1978 x 26.9000 ± 4.0567; p<0.01) in the left ventricle distance. The ECG detected ventricular premature complexes 24 hours after the surgery and spontaneous regression occurred during the first week. None dog has perished. The authors, considering the promising results obtained with innovative technique, suggest to study the Left Ventricular Imbrication Technique in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy.A ventriculectomia parcial promove uma redução no diâmetro ventricular esquerdo, baseando-se na lei de Laplace (T = P X R, sendo T = tensão muscular do ventrículo, P = pressão intracavitária, R = raio da cavidade ventricular) e tem sido usada em seres humanos para o tratamento da cardiomiopatia dilatada (BATISTA,1996). Com o objetivo de promover uma redução do diâmetro ventricular esquerdo e visando uma alternativa no tratamento de cães com doença similar, foi proposta uma nova técnica experimental denominada de Imbricamento da Parede Livre do Ventrículo Esquerdo, realizado em Curitiba - PR. Foram utilizados dez cães sem raça definida, sendo seis machos e quatro fêmeas, livres de dilatação cardíaca, dos quais oito foram submetidos ao imbricamento da parede livre do ventrículo esquerdo, e dois sofreram toracotomia e pericardiotomia, correspondendo ao grupo controle. Os animais receberam acepromazina e sulfato de atropina com medicação pré-anestésica e a anestesia foi induzida com tiopental sódico e mantida com éter por via inalatória. Após toracotomia intercostal esquerda realizada no 5º espaço e pericardiotomia em "t", foram aplicados três pontos de Wolff, transfixantes, com fio polipropileno 3-0 agulhado em uma área pouco vascularizada do ventrículo esquerdo, causando o imbricamento. Foram realizados exames ecocardiográficos (ecocardiografia bidimensional, em modo M e ecocardiodoppler colorido) 24 h antes e 48 h após a cirurgia, demonstrando-se uma redução média do diâmetro do ventrículo esquerdo em diástole de 23,5% (35,2625 ± 5,1978 x 26,9000 ± 4,0567; p<0,01). O eletrocardiograma foi registrado 24 h antes, 24 h, 48 h, 7, 15, 21, 30 e 60 dias após a intervenção. A principal alteração observada foi a presença de extrassístoles ventriculares, que regrediram espontaneamente em 48 h. Não houve óbitos. A técnica é barata e dispensa o uso de circulação extracorpória. Considerando os resultados obtidos, sugere-se realizar um estudo desta técnica em cães portadores de cardiomiopatia dilatada

Estudo da técnica do imbricamento da parede livre do ventrículo esquerdo em cães (Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758)

Orientador: Antonio Felipe Paulino de Figueiredo WoukCo-orientadores: Clotilde Branco Germiniani, Aparecido Antonio CamachoDisssertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências VeterináriasA ventriculectomia parcial promove uma redução no diâmetro ventricular esquerdo, baseando-se na lei de Laplace (T=P x R, sendo T=tensão muscular do ventrículo, P=pressão intracavitária, R = raio da cavidade ventricular) e tem sido usada em seres humanos para o tratamento da cardiomiopatia dilatada (BATISTA et al., 1996). Com o objetivo de se promover uma redução do diâmetro ventricular esquerdo e visando uma alternativa no tratamento de cães com doença similar, foi proposta uma nova técnica experimental denominada de Imbricamento da Parede Livre do Ventriculo Esquerdo, realizada em Curitiba - PR. Foram utilizados dez cães sem raça definida, sendo seis machos e quatro fêmeas, livres de dilatação cardíaca, dos quais oito foram submetidos ao imbricamento da parede livre do ventriculo esquerdo, e dois sofreram toracotomia e pericardiotomia, correspondendo ao Grupo controle. Os animais receberam acepromazina e sulfato de atropina como medicação pré-anestésica e a anestesia foi induzida com tiopental sódico e mantida com éter por via inalatória. Após toracotomia intercostal esquerda realizada no 5° espaço e pericardiotomia em "r', foram aplicados três pontos de Wolff, transfixantes, com fio polipropileno 3-0 agulhado em uma área pouco vascularizada do ventrículo esquerdo, causando o imbricamento. Foram realizados exames ecocardiográficos (ecocardiografia bidimensional, em modo M e ecocardiodoppler colorido) 24h antes e 48h após a cirurgia, demonstrando-se uma redução média do diâmetro do ventrículo esquerdo em diástole de 23,5% (35,2625+-5,1978 x 26,9000+-4,0567; p<0,01). O eletrocardiograma foi registrado 24h antes, 24h, 48h, 7, 15, 21, 30 e 60 dias após a intervenção. A principal alteração observada foi a presença de extrassístoles ventriculares, que regrediram espontaneamente em 48h. Não houve óbitos. A técnica é barata e dispensa o uso de circulação extracorpórea. Considerando os resultados obtidos, sugere-se realizar um estudo desta técnica em cães portadores de cardiomiopatia dilatadaThe partial ventriculectomy, based on Laplace' s law, which reduces the left ventricular distance, has been used in human beings for the treatment of dilated Cardiomyopathy (BATISTA et al., 1996). As an alternative to reduce the left ventricular diameter and treat dogs with such disease, it was proposed an experimental technique -The Left Ventricular Imbrication, in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Like the former technique the purpose of the latter is to improve ventricular function. In order to develop the experimental technique eight normal, adult mongrel dogs were used. The animals received acepromazin and atropine sulphate as pre-anesthetic medication and anesthesia was induced with sodium thiopental and maintained with ether. After a "T shaped" pericardiothomy, the free wall of the left ventricle was imbricated by avoiding coronary vessels and fastened by three interrupted transfixed sutures in a mattress pattern with a 3-0 polypropilene straight cutting needle assembled suture. The technique is cheap and extracorporeal circulation is not necessary .Echocardiographic controls were done 24 hours before and 48 hours after the surgery .The electrocardiogram was registered before as well as 1,2,7, 15,21,30, and 60 days after the surgery. The echocardiographic measures indicate a mean reduction of 23,5% (35,2625+-5,1978 x 26,9000+-4,0567; p<0,01) in the left ventricle distance. The ECG detected ventricular premature complexes 24 hours after the surgery and spontaneous regression occurred during the first week. None dog has perished. The authors, considering the promising results obtained with this innovative technique, suggest to study the Left Ventricular Imbrication Technique in dogs with dilated cardiomyopath

Intravenous Cardiac Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Cardiac Dysfunction in Doxorubicin Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Despite the efficacy of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) for treatment of cardiomyopathies, there are many limitations to stem cell therapies. CSC-derived exosomes (CSC-XOs) have been shown to be responsible for a large portion of the regenerative effects of CSCs. Using a mouse model of doxorubicin induced dilated cardiomyopathy, we study the effects of systemic delivery of human CSC-XOs in mice. Mice receiving CSC-XOs showed improved heart function via echocardiography, as well as decreased apoptosis and fibrosis. In spite of using immunocompetent mice and human CSC-XOs, mice showed no adverse immune reaction. The use of CSC-XOs holds promise for overcoming the limitations of stem cells and improving cardiac therapies

Intravenous Cardiac Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Cardiac Dysfunction in Doxorubicin Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Despite the efficacy of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) for treatment of cardiomyopathies, there are many limitations to stem cell therapies. CSC-derived exosomes (CSC-XOs) have been shown to be responsible for a large portion of the regenerative effects of CSCs. Using a mouse model of doxorubicin induced dilated cardiomyopathy, we study the effects of systemic delivery of human CSC-XOs in mice. Mice receiving CSC-XOs showed improved heart function via echocardiography, as well as decreased apoptosis and fibrosis. In spite of using immunocompetent mice and human CSC-XOs, mice showed no adverse immune reaction. The use of CSC-XOs holds promise for overcoming the limitations of stem cells and improving cardiac therapies

Modelos artesanais no ensino e prática da técnica cirúrgica veterinária

A prática cirúrgica requer técnica adequada e habilidade manual. Diversas alternativas têm sido propostas ao uso de animais no ensino prático das técnicas cirúrgicas, como cadáveres, softwares, simuladores, entre outros. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e avaliar modelos de ensino e aprendizagem em técnica cirúrgica veterinária. Estudantes de medicina veterinária confeccionaram bastidores de incisão e sutura, suportes para fixar bananas, nos quais treinariam incisões e suturas, plataformas para simulação de ligadura de vasos, simuladores de parede abdominal e de aparelho genital feminino, para treino de ovariohisterectomia (OSH). Após terem recebido conhecimento teórico, puderam praticar as manobras nos modelos, ao longo do semestre. Os alunos responderam a um questionário de 5 pontos de Likert, por meio do qual se avaliou a percepção dos mesmos em relação ao método. As plataformas desenvolvidas mostraram-se úteis na prática de incisões, suturas e ligaduras, assim como no treinamento de OSH. Houve elevada frequência de respostas positivas favoráveis ao método, bem como alta frequência de respostas negativas em oposição ao mesmo (p&lt;0,05).  Concluiu-se que os modelos foram efetivos no ensino e aprendizado de habilidades cirúrgicas básicas em técnica cirúrgica veterinária

Echocardiographic evaluation of dogs subjected to different protocols of anesthetic induction

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic changes during anesthesia induction in dogs sedated with acepromazine (0.05mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.3mg/kg) (AB). Twenty-four male dogs, with a mean weight of 12.40kg±3.1kg, were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=6). Fifteen minutes after administering pre-anesthetic medication, anesthesia with diazepam (0.5mg/kg) and etomidate (1mg/kg) (group DE); diazepam (0.5mg/kg) and ketamine (3mg/kg) (group CD); propofol (4mg/kg) (group P); or ketamine (1mg/kg) and propofol (3mg/kg) (group CP) was administered to the 6 dogs in each group. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured and echocardiography was performed immediately prior to the application of the sedation protocol (baseline), 15 minutes after sedation (M1), and immediately after anesthesia induction (M2). No significant differences were observed in SBP and in hemodynamic variables such as cardiac index, shortening fraction, and ejection fraction, between groups at all time points (M0, M1, and M2) evaluated. The SBP was significantly reduced after anesthetic induction in the dogs of the DE and CP groups. It can be concluded that the protocols DE and CP reduce similarly to SPB in dogs medicated with CD and P to SBP remain stable after anesthetic induction. All anesthetic induction protocols maintained a stable IC in premedicated dogs. None of the protocols evaluated promoted significant echocardiographic changes. Furthermore, the ketamine and diazepam combination had a negative impact on myocardial relaxation

Intravenous Cardiac Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Cardiac Dysfunction in Doxorubicin Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Despite the efficacy of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) for treatment of cardiomyopathies, there are many limitations to stem cell therapies. CSC-derived exosomes (CSC-XOs) have been shown to be responsible for a large portion of the regenerative effects of CSCs. Using a mouse model of doxorubicin induced dilated cardiomyopathy, we study the effects of systemic delivery of human CSC-XOs in mice. Mice receiving CSC-XOs showed improved heart function via echocardiography, as well as decreased apoptosis and fibrosis. In spite of using immunocompetent mice and human CSC-XOs, mice showed no adverse immune reaction. The use of CSC-XOs holds promise for overcoming the limitations of stem cells and improving cardiac therapies

Can Resveratrol Treatment Control the Progression of Induced Periodontal Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies

Resveratrol is an anti-inflammatory compound found in several foods. Periodontal disease (PD) is associated to other systemic diseases, and inflammation may be responsible for the association. Consequently, controlling inflammation not only may benefit oral health but also may assist with the management of other chronic inflammatory conditions. We aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol administration on PD control in preclinical studies. A systematic search was performed for scientific articles using both electronic databases and a manual search using combinations of the following keywords: &#8220;resveratrol&#8221; OR &#8220;3,5,4&#8242;-trihydroxystilbene&#8221; AND &#8220;periodontal disease&#8221; OR &#8220;periodontitis&#8221; OR &#8220;gingivitis&#8221;. Only in vivo original studies investigating resveratrol treatment on experimental animal models of PD were selected. A quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Animal Research Reporting In Vivo Experiment (ARRIVE) guidelines, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Syrcle tool. The search returned 570 articles, and 11 matched the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis showed that resveratrol treatment attenuated alveolar bone loss (&#964;2 = 0.0041; 95% CI: &#8722;0.14; &#8722;0.04). The ARRIVE criteria reported a good quality of studies in general (mean score 28.5 &#177; 2.5). However, five Syrcle domains indicated a high risk of bias or did not present information clearly. We concluded that, in preclinical studies, resveratrol treatment prevented PD progression