Genetic algorithm and parallel computing

The paper presents an optimisation algorithm for the geometry of three-phase unscreened high-current busways with solid insulation. A genetic algorithm method and parallel computing were used for this purpose. Moreover, the paper discusses the methodology of defining an objective function to allow for phenomena occurring in static and dynamic states

Optimization calculations on a computer cluster

The work presents a way of performing optimization calculations on a parallel computer of the cluster type. What is more, it presents sample results describing the efficiency of paralleling the optimization process

Electric bike with a dedicated battery

W pracy przedstawiono zagadnienie dotyczące budowy i projektowania roweru z napędem elektrycznym. Scharakteryzowano rowery elektryczne oraz omówiono zasadę ich działania. Wymieniono i opisano elementy składowe roweru elektrycznego. W ramach pracy zaprojektowano, dedykowany do zbudowanego roweru, akumulator o dopasowanych wymiarach umożliwiających montaż w ramie. Przeprowadzono testy opracowanego akumulatora oraz testy drogowe zbudowanego roweru.The paper presents the issue of the construction and design of a bicycle with electric drive. The characteristics of electric bicycles were presented, focusing on the principle of vehicle construction. The benefits of using an innovative means of transport were presented. The possibility of converting a classic bicycle into an electric bicycle is described. The components of the electric bicycle have been mentioned and described. A battery with a certain size was designed, allowing installation in a dedicated bike frame. The possibility of disassembling the battery was realized, increasing the scope of operation allowing to power other electric vehicles. The elements of the bike have been presented enhancing the user’s safety. Tests were carried out to test the correctness of the battery's performance

Speeding-up the optimization calculation in technical problems

The paper presents the problems related to reduction of the duration of technical problems optimization. The reduction is achieved with the use of the genetic algorithm to be run on multiprocessor computers. Exemplary computation tasks are depicted and the methods of parallelization of the optimization process are presented, on the example of the analysis of heavycurrent busducts and luminous flux distribution

A dedicated battery for an electric bike

The project presents a dedicated battery for an electric bicycle. Information on the structure of the vehicle and the principles of operation were given. An electric drive consisting of a brushless motor was characterized. The process of designing and making the battery is presented. The battery has been developed in a universal way, allowing installation in other constructions. The test results of the developed battery have been presented

Data bus modelling in city buses

The paper characterizes ICT networks used in urban buses. It describes the multiplex system manufactured by Continental VOD and the ELSY multicomputer system manufactured by Thoreb, Differences in the structure and functioning of both systems were presented. Based on the Thoreb system, a test station for the modelling of a complex data bus used in city buses has been designed and built

The economics of use of wireless power supply in electric buses

The article discusses the subject of wireless power supply for battery packs in electric buses. It presents the disadvantages and advantages of such a way to power the vehicle and charge the batteries. An attempt is made at analysing the economic legitimacy of use of this type of energy transfer method. The analysis is based on the annual course of the bus at the level of 70 000 km with the used battery pack whose capacity reaches 250 kWh. The assumed life of the system comprised of 2000 charging cycles. The characteristics of energy and losses was drawn up based on the entire life

Changes in the range of electric vehicles during operation

This paper describes the trends in growth of the number of electrical vehicles in Europe. The most popular electric cars available on the market were presented, with the capacity of their batteries, energy consumption and range declared by the manufacturer. These data were confronted with the results of road tests. Assuming an average annual mileage, the number of charging cycles was estimated, and on this basis the decrease of battery capacity. The results of calculations were compared with the observations of electric vehicle users. The calculations showed a mileage, after which the user should consider battery packs replacing

Analysis of the Operation of the Li-Ion Cell Package Management System with the Use of a Proprietary Laboratory Stand

Przedmiotem pracy jest przeprowadzenie analizy pracy systemu zarządzania pakietem ogniw litowo-jonowych w oparciu o autorskie stanowisko laboratoryjne. Opisano budowę i zasadę działania akumulatorów, a także scharakteryzowano budowę systemów zarządzania bateriami oraz przedstawiono ich podział według sposobu zarządzania energią. Przedstawiono opracowane stanowisko laboratoryjne, a następnie za jego pomocą dokonano analizy działania systemu zarządzającego pakietem ogniw Li-Ion pod kątem ładowania, rozładowywania i balansowania poszczególnych ogniw baterii.The subject of the work is to analyze the operation of the lithium-ion cell package management system based on a proprietary laboratory stand. The structure and principle of operation of batteries are described, as well as the structure of battery management systems and their division according to the method of energy management. The developed laboratory stand was presented, and then the operation of the system managing the Li-Ion cell package in terms of charging, discharging and balancing of individual cells of the battery was analyzed

Ograniczenie wykorzystania elektrochemicznych źródeł energii elektrycznej poprzez zastosowanie zasilania bezprzewodowego

The paper discusses issues related to the recycling of electrochemical sources of electricity such as portable batteries and accumulators. Based on the reports of the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection, the collection rate of waste batteries and accumulators in Poland for the years 2010-2018 was subjected to analysis. Despite the increasing year-to-year percentage value of the collection rate, it has been demonstrated that a significant mass of batteries and accumulators is still not recycled. This article presents a method of reducing the amount of waste electrochemical energy storages, through the use of inductive power supplies. The idea of the operation of such circuits has been discussed and the Qi Wireless Charging standard, applicable since 2011, has been characterised. As an example of a device with wireless power supply, a computer indicator system has been provided. Tests have been carried out and the correctness of operation of this solution has been verified. It has been demonstrated that in some cases it is possible to resign from power supplies based on batteries or accumulators, and use wireless power supplies instead, without degrading the functional properties of devices. Solutions of this type may contribute to the protection of the natural environment.W pracy omówiono problematykę recyklingu elektrochemicznych źródeł energii elektrycznej takich jak baterie i akumulatory przenośnie. Na podstawie raportów Głównego Inspektoratu Ochrony Środowiska przeanalizowano zbieralność zużytych baterii i akumulatorów w Polsce w latach 2010-2018. Pomimo rosnącego z roku na rok procentowego wskaźnika zbieralności wykazano, że znaczna masa baterii i akumulatorów wciąż nie jest poddawana recyklingowi. W artykule przedstawiono metodę ograniczenia ilości zużywanych elektrochemicznych zasobników energii elektrycznej poprzez zastosowanie zasilania indukcyjnego. Omówiono ideę działania tego typu układów oraz scharakteryzowano obowiązujący od 2011 roku standard Qi Wireless Charging. Jako przykład urządzenia zasilanego bezprzewodowo podano układ wskaźnika komputerowego. Wykonano badania i zweryfikowano poprawność działania tego rozwiązania. Wykazano, że w niektórych przypadkach możliwe jest zrezygnowanie z zasilania bateryjnego lub akumulatorowego na rzecz zasilania bezprzewodowego bez pogorszenia własności funkcjonalnych urządzeń. Rozwiązania tego typu mogą przysłużyć się ochronie środowiska