Obesitas (Kegemukan)

Orang gemuk (obese) cenderung meninggal lebih muda daripada orang kurus dan perbedaan ini sangat jelas pada orang yang sangat gemuk. Hal tersebut berhubungan dengan efek tidak langsung obesitas melalui penyakit yang sering berkaitan dengannya seperti : hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, hiperlipidemia, penyakit jantung koroner. Selain itu obesitas menimbulkan masalah kesehatan lainnya seperti : penyakit hepar, batu empedu, stroke, komplikasi selama kehamilan, sebagai faktor resiko pada tindakan pembedahan, penyakit persendian dan sebagainya. Konsekuensi psikologis dan sosial juga penting dalam hal: kontak sosial, mencari pekerjaan, membeli pakaian jadi dan sebagainya.Di Amenka Serikat, prevalensi obesitas meningkat cepat pada mereka yang berusia lebih/setelah 25 tahun dan pada usia 50-59 tahun lebih kurang sepertiga kaum pria dan setengah kaum wanita berat badannya lebih dan 20 % berat badan normal. Mereka menyadari obesitas dapat menimbulkan masalah cukup serius sehingga bersedia mengeluarkan berjuta-juta dolar untuk mencari jalan mudah untuk menurunkan kelebihan berat badannya.Motivasi tersebut menjadi sasaran empuk bagi pengusaha yang jeli untuk menyediakan makanan rendah kalori, minuman pelangsing atau pencegah kegemukan. Tawaran lain berupa peralatan olah raga/fitness, instrumen listrik penghancur lemak untuk membentuk postur tubuh ideal terutama untuk ibu-ibu dan tidak ketinggalan jamu-jamu maupun obat-obat patent. Kecenderungan tersebut juga mulai nampak di negara kita, hal tersebut dapat kita ketahui dari iklan-iklan yang menawarkan produk maupun jasa yang berkaitan dengan masalah obesitas.Usaha-USAha tersebut sering kali tidak berhasil terutama pada obesitas yang terjadi sejak kanak-kanak dan menimbulkan frustasi karena kurang mengetahui masalah obesitas secara benar

Antioksidan dari Daun Sirih Merah (Piper Crocatum)

Research on the antioxidant activity testing has been done using red betel (Piper crocatum) leafs in Palu, Central Sulawesi. This research was conducted to determine the IC50 value and antioxidant activity of red betel leafs extracts which has the ability as a natural antioxidant. This research was conducted with an experimental method using an extraction maceration technique, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazil) as free radicals, vitamin C as a positive control, UV-Vis spectrophotometer as an antioxidant test equipment with red betel leafs extracts as samples. Samples of red betel leaves were used as much as 30 grams, and the solvent were absolute ethanol. Various concentrations of the red betel leafs extracts were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, and 80 ppm. Testing of antioxidant activity was done by using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and IC50. The results showed that the IC50 value of the red betel leafs (Piper crocatum) extracts was 47.45 ppm. The red betel leafs extract was categorized into a very powerful antioxidant based on IC50 value, where the optimum percentage of red betel leaf extract activity in inhibiting free radical was 81.82%

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Komitmen Organisasional Pegawai Pusat Pendidikan Kelautan dan Perikanan

Improving public sevice can be achieved by having employees who have high organizational commitment. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of leadership style and work motivation to organizational commitment on employee of maritime affairs and fisheries education center. The effects were directed to diffrerentiate between transactional & transformational leadership. The sample in this reseach consist of 35 employee of maritime affairs an fisheries education center. The sampling used purposive sampling, data collection methods with questionaires. The data was processed by using Smart PLS with relation of reflective indicator at 95% confidence level. The result shows that the leadership is not significant enough to effect the organizational commitment. Leadership has significantly effect on work motivation, while work motivation has significantly effect on organizational commitment

Pengaruh Ukuran Manset Terhadap Hasil Pengukuran Tekanan Darah

Correct blood pressure measurements are essential to diagnosing and treating high blood pressure. Several factors influence blood pressure measurements and the factor which is often neglected by the medical professionals is the cuff size inappropriate to the arm size of the patient.  Public assumes adult cuff in ordinary sphygmomanometer according to measure blood pressure in all people. This research evaluated the effect of adult cuff size and 8-9 cuff size for children on blood pressure measurement of 30 children 8-10 years old. The research was an analytic survey. Data measured in the form of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in set of mmHg.  The result of the experiment, the average of systole blood pressure using adult cuff size was 89.9 mmHg and using 8-9 cm cuff was 104.1 mmHg. While the average of diastole using adult cuff size  was 58 mmHg and using 8-9 cm cuff was 68 mmHg. Analysis data shows that measurement of systole and diastole blood pressure using adult  cuff will  gives lower blood pressure result than 8-9 cm cuff (p<0.0001). Conclusion is cuff size influences the result of blood pressure measurement, measurement of blood pressure using larger cuff will gives lower blood pressure result

Hypnotic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Swamp Cabbage (Ipomoea Aquatica FORSK.) in Male Swiss Webster Mice Induced by Phenobarbital

Introduction: Medicinal plants are often used by community because of all natural, safe and relatively few side effects. Medicinal plants commonly used by Indonesian are swamp cabbage as it potentially generates hypnotic effect and in overcoming the problem of sleep disorders.Objectives: to assess whether the swamp cabbage, have a hypnotic effect with the parameter of time to sleep and sleep duration in the Swiss Webster male mice induced phenobarbital.Methods: This study was based on real experimental using comparatively Completely Randomized Design. Thirty male mice were divided into 5 the group which is given ethanol extract of swamp cabbage 2000 mg /kg bw, 4000 mg /kg bw, 8000 mg /kg bw, comparator (diazepam), and controls (CMC 1% suspension). The measured data is time to sleep and sleep duration in minutes. Analysis of data using one-way test ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test with α = 0.05, significance based on p ≤ 0.05, using a computer program.Results: The fastest time to sleep is in the group given dose of 8000 mg /kg bw which was 17 minutes followed by the dose of 4000 mg /kg bw and the 2000 mg /kg bw are 24 minutes and 32.3 minutes, respectively. The sleep onset results is in the group given dose of 8000 mg/kg bw and 4000 mg/kg bw are differently significant compared to CMC 1% suspension group with p=0,001 and 0,032, respectively. The longest sleep duration is in the group given dose of 8000 mg /kg bw which is 211.5 minutes followed by the dose of 4000 mg /kg bw and 2000 mg /kg bw are 197 minutes and 157.2 minutes, respectively. The sleep duration results is in the group given dose of 8000 mg/kg bw is differently significant compared to CMC 1% suspension group with p=0,020.Conclusion: Swamp cabbage hasten time to sleep and prolong sleep duration

Pengaruh Kenaikan Kadar Glukosa Darah Terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ingat Jangka Pendek Pada Wanita Dewasa

In Indonesia most people starts their days with eating breakfast.  However, there are still many who do not realize the importance of starting a day with breakfast. Many research suggest that having breakfast can improve short term memory. After breakfast, blood glucose level will raise. It is assumed that glucose plays an important role in improving memory. The purpose of this research is to  find the effect of raised blood glucose level in improving short term memory. In this research Real Prospective Experimental Method and Random Complete Design were used. 30 FK UKM third year female student have been studied, their age range between 19-23 years old, and they were given porridge for breakfast. Blood glucose level was measured before breakfast and 30, 60, 90 minutes afterwards. Short term memory was tested with memory test before breakfast and three times after breakfast. Data was analyzed to analyze the correlation between blood glucose and memory. There are significant increase of blood glucose and memory after breakfast and there is a significant corelation between raised blood glucose and memory. The conclusion is breakfast may improve memory and the raised of blood glucose level matched with the improvement of memory. &nbsp

Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Efek Sitotoksik Ekstrak Kola (Cola Nitida) Pada Kulter Sel Kanker Hati (HepG-2)

Liver cancer is one among cancers with increasing incidence in the world. Cola fruit (Cola nitida) is a fruit that is rich in properties and has been known since the Dutch colonial era. This fruit contains ingredients such as those contained in tea and chocolate such as methylxanthine and its derivatives. This study aims to determine the content of antioxidants and cytotoxic effects of cola fruit extracts obtained from Indonesia and Malaysia on liver cancer cell lines. Antioxidant content of fruit extracts of cola was assessed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) and cytotoxic effects were studied using MTT (3 - (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)diphenyltetrazolium bromide -2.5) on human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2). The results showed that cola fruit from Malaysia contained high antioxidant with the IC50 value of 37.2 ?g/mL whereas IC50 of value of its Indonesias cola fruit was 66.0 ug / mL. The similar results have been shown in the cytotoxic test using HepG-2 liver cancer cell lines. Malaysias cola fruit extract has a smaller IC50 value of 6.5 ?g / mL while the fruit extract of Indonesias cola showed IC50 value of 39.5 ?g / mL. These values indicates that the fruit extract of cola is a potential anticancer activities especially on liver cancer. Further studies are required to clarify this hypothesis

Aktivitas antioksidan dan efek sitotoksik ekstrak Kola (Cola nitida) pada kulter sel kanker hati (HepG-2)

Liver cancer is one among cancers with increasing incidence in the world. Cola fruit (Cola nitida) is a fruit that is rich in properties and has been known since the Dutch colonial era. This fruit contains ingredients such as those contained in tea and chocolate such as methylxanthine and its derivatives. This study aims to determine the content of antioxidants and cytotoxic effects of cola fruit extracts obtained from Indonesia and Malaysia on liver cancer cell lines. Antioxidant content of fruit extracts of cola was assessed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) and cytotoxic effects were studied using MTT (3 - (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)diphenyltetrazolium bromide -2.5) on human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2). The results showed that cola fruit from Malaysia contained high antioxidant with the IC50 value of 37.2 ?g/mL whereas IC50 of value of its Indonesia’s cola fruit was 66.0 ug / mL. The similar results have been shown in the cytotoxic test using HepG-2 liver cancer cell lines. Malaysia’s cola fruit extract has a smaller IC50 value of 6.5 ?g / mL while the fruit extract of Indonesia’s cola showed IC50 value of 39.5 ?g / mL. These values indicates that the fruit extract of cola is a potential anticancer activities especially on liver cancer. Further studies are required to clarify this hypothesis