Convergence of matrices under random conjugation: wave packet scattering without kinematic entanglement

In previous work, it was shown numerically that under successive scattering events, a collection of particles with Gaussian wavefunctions retains the Gaussian property, with the spread of the Gaussian ('Δx') tending to a value inversely proportional to the square root of each particle's mass. We prove this convergence in all dimensions ≥3

Signal propagation and noisy circuits

The information carried by a signal decays when the signal is corrupted by random noise. This occurs when a message is transmitted over a noisy channel, as well as when a noisy component performs computation. We first study this signal decay in the context of communication and obtain a tight bound on the rate at which information decreases as a signal crosses a noisy channel. We then use this information theoretic result to obtain depth lower bounds in the noisy circuit model of computation defined by von Neumann. In this model, each component fails (produces 1 instead of 0 or vice-versa) independently with a fixed probability, and yet the output of the circuit is required to be correct with high probability. Von Neumann showed how to construct circuits in this model that reliably compute a function and are no more than a constant factor deeper than noiseless circuits for the function. We provide a lower bound on the multiplicative increase in circuit depth necessary for reliable computation, and an upper bound on the maximum level of noise at which reliable computation is possible

On the maximum tolerable noise of k-input gates for reliable computation by formulas

We determine the precise threshold of component noise below which formulas composed of odd degree components can reliably compute all Boolean functions

Information Theory and Noisy Computation

We report on two types of results. The first is a study of the rate of decay of information carried by a signal which is being propagated over a noisy channel. The second is a series of lower bounds on the depth, size, and component reliability of noisy logic circuits which are required to compute some function reliably. The arguments used for the circuit results are information-theoretic, and in particular, the signal decay result is essential to the depth lower bound. Our first result can be viewed as a quantified version of the data processing lemma, for the case of Boolean random variables

Wave-packet scattering without kinematic entanglement: convergence of expectation values

The wave packet spread of a particle in a collection of different mass particles, all with Gaussian wave functions, evolves to a value that is inversely proportional to the mass of the particle. The assumptions underlying this result and its derivation are reviewed. A mathematical demonstration of the convergence of an iteration central to this assertion is presented. Finally, the question of in-principle measurement of wave packet spread is taken up

Transient radiation effects on thermocouples

Transient radiation effects on reactor thermocouple

Implementation and Validation of the Roche Light Cycler 480 96-Well Plate Platform as a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Quantitative Detection of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Clinical Specimens Using the Luminex MultiCode ASRs System.

Allogenic stem-cell therapies benefit patients in the treatment of multiple diseases; however, the side effects of stem-cell therapies (SCT) derived from the concomitant use of immune suppression agents often include triggering infection diseases. Thus, analysis is required to improve the detection of pathogen infections in SCT. We develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methodology for the qualitative real-time DNA detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV), with reference to herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSVI), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in blood, urine, solid tissues, and cerebrospinal fluid. This real-time PCR of 96-well plate format provides a rapid framework as required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical settings, including the processing of specimens, reagent handling, special safety precautions, quality control criteria and analytical accuracy, precisely reportable range (analyst measurement range), reference range, limit of detection (LOD), analytical specificity established by interference study, and analyte stability. Specifically, we determined the reportable range (analyst measurement range) with the following criteria: CMV copies ≥200 copies/mL; report copy/mL value; CMV copies ≤199 copies/mL; report detected but below quantitative range; CMV copies = 0 with report <200 copies/mL. That is, with reference range, copy numbers (CN) per milliliter (mL) of the LOD were determined by standard curves that correlated Ct value and calibrated standard DNA panels. The three repeats determined that the measuring range was 1E2~1E6 copies/mL. The standard curves show the slopes were within the range -2.99 to -3.65 with R2 ≥ 0.98. High copy (HC) controls were within 0.17-0.18 log differences of DNA copy numbers; (2) low copy (LC) controls were within 0.17-0.18 log differences; (3) LOD was within 0.14-0.15 log differences. As such, we set up a fast, simple, inexpensive, sensitive, and reliable molecular approach for the qualitative detection of CMV pathogens. Conclusion: This real-time PCR of the 96-well plate format provides a rapid framework as required by the FDA for clinical settings

A target for production of radioxenons

A liquid cesium target has been developed which allows the production and separate identification of the neutron deficient isotopes of xenon. The present report describes irradiations utilizing 34 to 41 MeV protons to produce millicurie quantities of Xe-127 and Xe-129m. At higher energies, however, the target could be used without modification to produce xenon isotopes as light as 119

Systems identification and application systems development for monitoring the physiological and health status of crewmen in space

The use of automated, analytical techniques to aid medical support teams is suggested. Recommendations are presented for characterizing crew health in terms of: (1) wholebody function including physiological, psychological and performance factors; (2) a combination of critical performance indexes which consist of multiple factors of measurable parameters; (3) specific responses to low noise level stress tests; and (4) probabilities of future performance based on present and periodic examination of past performance. A concept is proposed for a computerized real time biomedical monitoring and health care system that would have the capability to integrate monitored data, detect off-nominal conditions based on current knowledge of spaceflight responses, predict future health status, and assist in diagnosis and alternative therapies. Mathematical models could play an important role in this approach, especially when operating in a real time mode. Recommendations are presented to update the present health monitoring systems in terms of recent advances in computer technology and biomedical monitoring systems