Distributions of secondary muons at sea level from cosmic gamma rays below 10 TeV

The FLUKA Monte Carlo program is used to predict the distributions of the muons which originate from primary cosmic gamma rays and reach sea level. The main result is the angular distribution of muons produced by vertical gamma rays which is necessary to predict the inherent angular resolution of any instrument utilizing muons to infer properties of gamma ray primaries. Furthermore, various physical effects are discussed which affect these distributions in differing proportions.Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, minor revision, new layou

Antibaryon to Baryon Production Ratios in Pb-Pb and p-p collision at LHC energies of the DPMJET-III Monte Carlo

A sizable component of stopped baryons is predicted for pp and P bP b collisions at LHC. Based on an analysis of RHIC data within framework of our multichain Monte Carlo DPMJET-III the LHC predictions are presented.Comment: Presented at "Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC: last call for predictions", Geneva Switzerland, May 14th-June 8t

The Io sulfur torus in 1981

A Fabry-Perot spectrometer was used to obtain images of the Io torus in emission lines of S II (wavelength 6716 and 6731) and S III (wavelength 9531) in February and March 1981, on the 2.1 meter telescope at KPNO. The S II and S III images showed a large variation in brightness and radial extent. There is an indication the S II and S III emissions in the warm torus are correlated. The S II and S III emissions in the warm torus also have similar scale heights along the magnetic field lines of approximately 0.6 to 0.72 R sub J. The east-west asymmetry in the S II images taken at similar magnetic longitudes, but 2.5 Jovian rotations apart, supports the theory of convective motions suggested by others. In addition to the images, simultaneous measurements of the S II (6731 wavelength) line profile were also made on one night using a Fabry-Perot scanning spectrometer on the 4 meter at KPNO. The S II spectral scans implied ion temperatures of 52 (+ or - 10) x 10 to the 3rd at 5.2 to 5.6 R sub J from Jupiter and a minimum temperature of at least 3 x 10 to the 5th K at 6 R sub J from Jupiter