Local Productive Arrangements for Biodiesel Production in Brazil – Environmental Assessment of Small-holder’s Integrated Oleaginous Crops Management

Sustainability assessments were carried out in small-holders’ farms in four territories where productive arrangements have been organized for production of minor oleaginous crops under the Brazilian biodiesel program. The study aimed at checking local impacts of the biodiesel productive chains at the rural establishment scale, and promoting the environmental performance of the selected farms, henceforth proposed as sustainable management demonstration units. Assessments were carried out with the APOIA-NovoRural system, which integrates 62 objective and quantitative indicators related to five sustainability dimensions: i) Landscape Ecology, ii) Environmental Quality (Atmosphere, Water and Soil), iii) Socio-cultural Values, iv) Economic Values and v) Management and Administration. The main results point out that, in general, the ecological dimensions of sustainability, that is, the Landscape Ecology and Atmosphere, Water, and Soil quality indicators, show adequate field conditions, seemingly not yet negatively affected by increases in chemical inputs and natural resources use predicted as important potential impacts of the agro-energy sector. The Economic Values indicators have been favorably influenced in the studied farms, due to a steadier demand and improved prices for the oleaginous crops. On the other hand, valuable positive consequences expected for favoring farmers’ market insertion, such as improved Socio-cultural Values and Management Administration indicators, are still opportunities to be materialized. The Environmental Management Reports issued to the farmers, based on the presented sustainability assessment procedures, offer valuable documentation and communication means for consolidating the organizational influence of the local productive arrangements studied. These productive arrangements were shown to be determinant for the selection of crop associations and diversification, as well as for the provision of technical assistance and the stabilization of demand - conditions that promote value aggregation and income improvements, favoring small-holders’ insertion in the market. More importantly, these locally organized productive arrangements have been shown to strongly influence the valorization of natural resources and environmental assets, which are fundamental if sustainable rural development is to take place under the emerging agro-energy scenario

Local Productive Arrangements for Biodiesel Production in Brazil – Environmental Assessment of Small-holder’s Integrated Oleaginous Crops Management

Sustainability assessments were carried out in small-holders’ farms in four territories where productive arrangements have been organized for production of minor oleaginous crops under the Brazilian biodiesel program. The study aimed at checking local impacts of the biodiesel productive chains at the rural establishment scale, and promoting the environmental performance of the selected farms, henceforth proposed as sustainable management demonstration units. Assessments were carried out with the APOIA-NovoRural system, which integrates 62 objective and quantitative indicators related to five sustainability dimensions: i) Landscape Ecology, ii) Environmental Quality (Atmosphere, Water and Soil), iii) Socio-cultural Values, iv) Economic Values and v) Management and Administration. The main results point out that, in general, the ecological dimensions of sustainability, that is, the Landscape Ecology and Atmosphere, Water, and Soil quality indicators, show adequate field conditions, seemingly not yet negatively affected by increases in chemical inputs and natural resources use predicted as important potential impacts of the agro-energy sector. The Economic Values indicators have been favorably influenced in the studied farms, due to a steadier demand and improved prices for the oleaginous crops. On the other hand, valuable positive consequences expected for favoring farmers’ market insertion, such as improved Socio-cultural Values and Management Administration indicators, are still opportunities to be materialized. The Environmental Management Reports issued to the farmers, based on the presented sustainability assessment procedures, offer valuable documentation and communication means for consolidating the organizational influence of the local productive arrangements studied. These productive arrangements were shown to be determinant for the selection of crop associations and diversification, as well as for the provision of technical assistance and the stabilization of demand - conditions that promote value aggregation and income improvements, favoring small-holders’ insertion in the market. More importantly, these locally organized productive arrangements have been shown to strongly influence the valorization of natural resources and environmental assets, which are fundamental if sustainable rural development is to take place under the emerging agro-energy scenario

Areas naturais sob proteção : estabelecimento e avanços nas medidas de conservação ambiental : um estudo no Vale do Ribeira - SP

Orientador: Daniel Joseph HoganDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias HumanasResumo: Não informadoAbstract: Not informedMestradoMestre em Sociologi

A demografia da vida rural paulista

Orientador: Daniel Joseph HoganTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias HumanasResumo: Após decrescer por três décadas consecutivas, a população rural do Estado de São Paulo apresentou uma retomada de crescimento nos anos 90. O rompimento da tendência de esvaziamento da área rural paulista levanta uma série de questões relacionadas à sua estrutura econômica e às características da população residente. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal avaliar as características demográficas da população residente no rural do Estado de São Paulo, relacionada com a dinâmica de ocupação sócio-econômica da área rural nos anos 80 e parte dos 90. As informações sobre a população foram obtidas nos Censos Demográficos e as relativas à estrutura da área rural nos Censos Agropecuários, realizados pela Fundação IBGE. Do exame da distribuição da população, segundo a situação do domicílio, ressalta-se a importância da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo como a área responsável pelo crescimento da população rural estadual. Desta constatação formula-se a hipótese de que o crescimento da população rural paulista estaria mormente relacionado ao processo de expansão urbana sobre áreas rurais. Para sua verificação, as categorias usadas pela FIBGE na definição da área rural e urbana foram desagregadas, introduzindo-se uma área de transição entre o urbano e o rural. A área urbana fica então dividida em área de transição urbana e "urbana" e a área rural em transição rural e "rural". Com essa alternativa foi possível obter diferenças importantes na área previamente definida como rural, tanto na ocupação da população residente em atividades econômicas de caráter tipicamente urbano, quanto no perfil da população residente na área de transição rural e na área "rural". O crescimento da população na área rural metropolitana foi reavaliado com esta reclassificação da situação do domicílio, reforçando-se a expansão urbana sobre áreas rurais. As informações censitárias sobre a distribuição da população, com características ligadas à inserção nas atividades econômicas, à composição e movimentos populacionais entre as Mesorregiões estaduais, mostraram diferenças no crescimento da população rural entre regiões densamente povoadas e urbanizadas, e aquelas onde as atividades agropecuárias são mais relevantes. Por fim, as categorias que definem a situação do domicílio na área rural no Estado de São Paulo podem contribuir para investigações sobre a relação entre a ocupação do rural e o crescimento da populaçãoAbstract: A rebound of the rural population of São Paulo State (Brazil) seems to have taken place during the 1990s following three consecutive decades of steady rural population decrease. Several lines of questioning arise from this change in population trend, both regarding the resident population characteristics and the novel economic structure that sustain this process. This study ponders on the demographic characteristics of the resident rural population of São Paulo State and its socioeconomic dynamics during the 1980s and best part of the 1990s. Population data were obtained from the Demographic Censuses and data related to the economic structure of the rural areas from the "Censo Agropecuário" of the "Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (FIBGE)." The assessment of population distribution according to dwelling situation in São Paulo State pointed out a major importance of the Metropolitan Region (MRSP) for the growth of the rural population statewide. This result implies the hypothesis that the rural population growth of São Paulo State may be stemming fram the urban sprawl over rural areas. In order to verify this hypothesis, the categories used by the FIBGE to define urban and rural areas were disaggregated into transition urban and "urban," and transition rural and "rural." Meaningful distinctions emerged in the newly defined transition rural and "rural" areas, both regarding the population occupation in economic activities of typical urban character, and relating to the particular profile of the resident population. Evaluated under this reclassification the urban sprawl process is reinforced. Census data on population distribution, as related with the insertion in economic activities, composition, and migration showed rural population growih differences between densely populated regions, and those where typically agricultural activities are preponderant. Furthermore, the categories used to define dwelling situation in São Paulo State may contribute to a better understanding of the association between rural occupation and population growthDoutoradoDoutor em Sociologi

Local Productive Arrangements for Biodiesel Production in Brazil – Environmental Assessment of Small-holder’s Integrated Oleaginous Crops Management

Sustainability assessments were carried out in small-holders’ farms in four territories where productive arrangements have been organized for production of minor oleaginous crops under the Brazilian biodiesel program. The study aimed at checking local impacts of the biodiesel productive chains at the rural establishment scale, and promoting the environmental performance of the selected farms, henceforth proposed as sustainable management demonstration units. Assessments were carried out with the APOIA-NovoRural system, which integrates 62 objective and quantitative indicators related to five sustainability dimensions: i) Landscape Ecology, ii) Environmental Quality (Atmosphere, Water and Soil), iii) Socio-cultural Values, iv) Economic Values and v) Management and Administration. The main results point out that, in general, the ecological dimensions of sustainability, that is, the Landscape Ecology and Atmosphere, Water, and Soil quality indicators, show adequate field conditions, seemingly not yet negatively affected by increases in chemical inputs and natural resources use predicted as important potential impacts of the agro-energy sector. The Economic Values indicators have been favorably influenced in the studied farms, due to a steadier demand and improved prices for the oleaginous crops. On the other hand, valuable positive consequences expected for favoring farmers’ market insertion, such as improved Socio-cultural Values and Management & Administration indicators, are still opportunities to be materialized. The Environmental Management Reports issued to the farmers, based on the presented sustainability assessment procedures, offer valuable documentation and communication means for consolidating the organizational influence of the local productive arrangements studied. These productive arrangements were shown to be determinant for the selection of crop associations and diversification, as well as for the provision of technical assistance and the stabilization of demand - conditions that promote value aggregation and income improvements, favoring small-holders’ insertion in the market. More importantly, these locally organized productive arrangements have been shown to strongly influence the valorization of natural resources and environmental assets, which are fundamental if sustainable rural development is to take place under the emerging agro-energy scenario

Epithelioid hemangioma of the colon: a case report

CONTEXT: Epithelioid hemangioma or angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is an uncommon benign vascular neoplasm that is usually located on the face or neck. Exceptionally, it has been described affecting the colon, with only two such cases described in the worldwide literature. The aim here was to present a case of primary epithelioid hemangioma of the sigmoid colon with confirmation by immunohistochemical examination. CASE REPORT: A 37-year-old woman had had a complaint of intermittent abdominal pain for six months. Two months after the condition started, she began to present changes in her intestinal habit, with evacuations containing blood and mucus and a weight loss of 4 kg over this period. At physical examination, a palpable mass was noted in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen. Neoplasia of the colon was clinically suspected and she underwent colonoscopy. This demonstrated the presence of a vegetating sessile lesion of approximately 5 cm in diameter, at a distance of 36 cm from the anal margin. It occupied 80% of the intestinal lumen. A biopsy collected during the examination suggested a diagnosis of neoplasia of vascular origin. After surgical resection, histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioma of the colon, which was backed up by the immunohistochemical panel (factor VIII, Ki-67, CD-34). At present, three years after the surgery, the patient is asymptomatic, she has recovered her normal weight and she has normal findings from control colonoscopy. Despite the rarity of neoplasia of vascular origin, this possibility should be considered in the differential diagnosis for colorectal tumors