Comparative Study Of The Hypoglycemic And Biochemical Effects Of Catharanthus Roseus (Linn) G. Apocynaceae (Madagascar Periwinkle) And Chlorpropamide (Diabenese) On Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

The effect of the aqueous extracts of Catharanthus roseus and chlorpropamide (Diabenese) on the levels of serum cholesterol, total protein, lipid peroxidation, blood glucose and liver enzymes were compared in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Four groups namely A, B, C and D comprising of nine rats each were used. A and B were administered with chlorpropamide and C. roseus extracts respectively, while C and D served as diabetic and non-diabetic controls respectively. The results showed comparatively significant reductions (P 64 0.05) in the levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in the groups administered C. roseus extracts and chlorpropamide relative to the controls. The reductions were higher in the groups treated with C. roseus extract than in the groups treated with diabenese

Co-administration of artemisinin and Ricinodendron heudelotii leaf extract—effects on selected antioxidants and liver parameters in male Wistar rats

Startling rate of malaria parasite resistance to artemisinin and its derivatives has led to possible herb–drug antimalarial combination therapy. This study assessed the effect of co-administration of artemisinin and Ricinodendron heudelotii extract on certain liver and antioxidant indices in rats. Four groups containing ten rats each were administered distilled water (group A), artemisinin only (group B), artemisinin with R. heudelotii extract (group C), and R. heudelotii extract only (group D). Serum biochemical values and antioxidant parameters were determined using standard methods respectively. The results revealed that the total protein level increased significantly (p < 0.05) in group C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the group administered artemisinin only but was regulated to control level both in groups C and D. The liver reduced gutathione (GSH) concentration decreased in the group administered artemisinin only. Similarly, malondialdehyde (MDA) level significantly increased (p < 0.05) in group A while groups C and D showed decrease in MDA and catalase concentrations. Histological examination showed that few of the hepatocytes were necrotic in the group administered artemisinin only while the group administered artemisinin and extract showed mild to moderate central venous congestion and periportal cellular infiltration. The study indicates that the bioactive constituents of the R. heudelotii extract might either have a regulatory effect on artemisinin toxicity or synergistically enhance its activity. Such bioconstituents can further be isolated and characterized for drug development to tackle Plasmodium falciparum resistance

An Estimate of the Incidence of Prostate Cancer in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is rated the second most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer deaths among men globally. Reports show that African men suffer disproportionately from PCa compared to men from other parts of the world. It is still quite difficult to accurately describe the burden of PCa in Africa due to poor cancer registration systems.We systematically reviewed the literature on prostate cancer in Africa and provided a continentwide incidence rate of PCa based on available data in the regio

Gene Expression Profiling Analysis Reveals Putative Phytochemotherapeutic Target for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among men globally, with castration development resistant contributing significantly to treatment failure and death. By analyzing the differentially expressed genes between castration-induced regression nadir and castration-resistant regrowth of the prostate, we identified soluble guanylate cyclase 1 subunit alpha as biologically significant to driving castration-resistant prostate cancer. A virtual screening of the modeled protein against 242 experimentally-validated anti-prostate cancer phytochemicals revealed potential drug inhibitors. Although, the identified four non-synonymous somatic point mutations of the human soluble guanylate cyclase 1 gene could alter its form and ligand binding ability, our analysis identified compounds that could effectively inhibit the mutants together with wild-type. Of the identified phytochemicals, (8'R)-neochrome and (8'S)-neochrome derived from the Spinach () showed the highest binding energies against the wild and mutant proteins. Our results identified the neochromes and other phytochemicals as leads in pharmacotherapy and as nutraceuticals in management and prevention of castration-resistance prostate cancers

Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and toxicological effects of Mimosa pudica- A review

Introduction: Mimosa pudica L. is a creeping herbaceous ornamental plant belonging to the Mimosaceae family. It is used in ethnomedicine to prevent or treat various illnesses like diarrhoea, dysentery, diabetes, alopecia, cancer and urinary tract infection. This study extensively reviewed the phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of M. Pudica. Method: The materials used in this study were obtained from the following databases: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Wiley, Springer and google scholar using relevant keywords. Only papers in the English language between January 2001 and December 2022 were included. Results: In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that M. pudica and its bioactive components possess numerous pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, wound healing, anxiolytic, anthelminthic, antiophidian, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer activities. These numerous pharmacological activities may be attributed to various bioactive compounds in M. pudica. Conclusion: This study revealed that M. pudica and its numerous bioactive compounds have a strong therapeutic effect against various diseases, including life-threatening diseases such as cancer and diabetes. However, despite the widespread therapeutic potential of M. pudica, no clinical trial and quality control studies exist in the literature. Therefore, clinical trials and quality control studies are recommended to establish safe and effective doses for the prevention and treatment of diseases

Search terms for studies of prostate cancer in Africa.

<p>Search terms for studies of prostate cancer in Africa.</p

Pooled PCa incidence rates over study periods.

<p>Pooled PCa incidence rates over study periods.</p

Study characteristics.

<p>Study characteristics.</p