SOCIJALNA TRAUMA I AFEKTIVNA VEZANOST

Trauma can be described as an injury that leaves permanent consequences, latent traces that can be activated in periods of crisis (Krstić, 2009). In the second part of the 20th century, the term trauma started being used ever more outside the medical and psychiatric context and entering the domain of social sciences (Sztompka, 2009). In the scope of this, one way the concept of trauma is used is in confronting negative and dysfunctional consequences that social change can leave in its wake. Various authors have studied social and psychological consequences of social changes on individuals and society. In this way, they opened the road to recognizing a new meaning of trauma, which they titled cultural or social trauma. It is known that the theory of emotional attachment states that in crisis or traumatic situations, members of a family group feel insecure, that risks in the environment can lead to lowered responsiveness of the parents, but it is less widely known if unresolved traumatic experiences of parents can be transferred to children and their later emotional attachment patterns. There is particularly little knowledge on whether significant social changes leave consequences on emotional lives of individuals and the emotional lives of their children. In this paper, we try to make a brief review of the literature on the topic, and summarize the theoretical and partly empirical knowledge in the area that exists so far.Trauma se može okarakteristati kao povreda koja ostavlja trajne posledice, latentne tragove, koji u kriznim periodima ličnosti mogu biti aktivirani (Krstić, 2009). U drugoj polovini 20. veka izraz trauma počeo je sve više da se koristi i van medicinckog i psihijatrijskog konteksta, i da zalazi u domen socijalnih nauka (Sztompka, 2009). U okviru toga, jedan vid upotrebe koncepta traume je i suočavanje sa negativnim i disfunkcionalnim posledicama koje društvene promene mogu ostaviti za sobom. Različiti autori su proučavali socijalne i psihološke posledice društvenih promena na pojedince i društvo. Time je otvoren put ka sagledavanju novog značenja traume, koja je nazvana kulturna ili socijalna trauma. Poznato je da teorija afektivne vezanosti ukazuje na to da se u kriznim ili traumatskim situacijama članovi porodice osećaju nesigurno, da rizici u okruženju mogu uticati na smanjenu responzivnost roditelja, ali je manje poznato da li se nerazrešena traumatska iskustva roditelja prenose na decu i njihove kasnije afektivne obrasce. Naročito je malo saznanja o tome da li značajne socijalne promene, ostavljaju posledice po pojedince, njihov, i emocionalni život njihove dece. U ovom radu pokušali smo da napravimo kratak pregled postojeće literature na ovu temu i sumiramo postojeća teorijska i delom empirijska znanja koja za sada postoje na ovu temu

STRUKTURA PROFESIONALNIH INTERESOVANJA U MAKEDONIJI I HRVATSKOJ – EVALUACIJA SFERIČNOG MODELA

The goal of the current paper was to explore the construct validity of the spherical and the hexagonal models of vocational interests by exploring the extent to which these models fit the data obtained on samples of Macedonian and Croatian university students. Croatian and Macedonian versions of the Personal Globe Inventory (PGI) were administered to a sample of 1367 student of various faculties in Croatia and Macedonia (737 participants from the Republic of Macedonia and 630 from Croatia). Results showed that the spherical and hexagonal models fit the data better than chance, and that these models explain substantial proportions of variance of vocational interest measures. Exploration of the factor structure of the obtained measures of vocational interest on the studied samples showed that the obtained structure generally corresponds to theoretical propositions. The obtained dimensions correspond to the latent space defined by Prediger’s dimensions and the dimensions of Prestige of the spherical model.Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje konstruktne validnosti sferičnog i heksagonalnog modela profesionalnih interesovanja. Ovo je ispitivano proverom uklapanja ova dva modela u podatke dobijene na uzorcima studenata iz Republike Makedonije i Republike Hrvatske. Hrvatska i makedonska verzija upitnika profesionalnih interesovanja (Personal Globe Inventory - PGI) zadata je uzorku od 1367 studenata različitih fakulteta iz Hrvatske i Makedonije (737 studenata iz Makedonije i 630 iz Hrvatske). Rezultati su pokazali da i sferični i heksagonalni model odgovaraju podacima bolje od slučaja i da ovi modeli objašnjavaju supstantivni procenat varijanse mera profesionalnih interesovanja. Ispitivanje faktorske structure dobijenih mera profesionalnih interesovanja na ispitivanim uzorcima pokazala je da dobijena struktura generalno odgovara teorijskim očekivanjima. Dobijene dimenzije odgovaraju latentnom prostoru koji je definisaio Predidžer, kao i dimenziji Prestiža iz sferičnog modela

Problematic internet use among adolescents: Psychometric properties of the index of problematic online experiences (I-POE)

The basic aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Index of Problematic Online Experiences (I-POE) on a sample of adolescents from Serbia. Construct validity, which had previously been tested by the authors of the test themselves (Mitchell, Jones, Wells, 2013), was retested here. The possibility of predicting I-POE scores based on selected personality traits and parental mediation was also evaluated. A total of 339 students from two cities in Serbia, aged 18 and 19, participated in the study. The results indicated that very similar behavior determined problematic Internet use (PIU) both in this research and that of the authors of the test. Construct validity testing indicated that the scores on the I-POE predicted online perpetration, sexual behavior and victimization, as expected. Negative valence was correlated with the I-POE scores with mediation effect of Parental involvement. The results indicate that I-POE encompasses significant characteristics of PIU as a global phenomenon and it can be of significant importance in assessing this problem among the adolescent population

Ethics

We provide information about the ethics application and certificates obtained for the MLA stud

ManyLabs Africa

A multisite preregistered replication of 3 African effects in North American, European, and African populations

Many Labs 5: Testing Pre-Data-Collection Peer Review as an Intervention to Increase Replicability

Replication studies in psychological science sometimes fail to reproduce prior findings. If these studies use methods that are unfaithful to the original study or ineffective in eliciting the phenomenon of interest, then a failure to replicate may be a failure of the protocol rather than a challenge to the original finding. Formal pre-data-collection peer review by experts may address shortcomings and increase replicability rates. We selected 10 replication studies from the Reproducibility Project: Psychology (RP:P; Open Science Collaboration, 2015) for which the original authors had expressed concerns about the replication designs before data collection; only one of these studies had yielded a statistically significant effect (p < .05). Commenters suggested that lack of adherence to expert review and low-powered tests were the reasons that most of these RP:P studies failed to replicate the original effects. We revised the replication protocols and received formal peer review prior to conducting new replication studies. We administered the RP:P and revised protocols in multiple laboratories (median number of laboratories per original study = 6.5, range = 3–9; median total sample = 1,279.5, range = 276–3,512) for high-powered tests of each original finding with both protocols. Overall, following the preregistered analysis plan, we found that the revised protocols produced effect sizes similar to those of the RP:P protocols (Δr = .002 or .014, depending on analytic approach). The median effect size for the revised protocols (r = .05) was similar to that of the RP:P protocols (r = .04) and the original RP:P replications (r = .11), and smaller than that of the original studies (r = .37). Analysis of the cumulative evidence across the original studies and the corresponding three replication attempts provided very precise estimates of the 10 tested effects and indicated that their effect sizes (median r = .07, range = .00–.15) were 78% smaller, on average, than the original effect sizes (median r = .37, range = .19–.50)

Many Labs 5: Testing Pre-Data-Collection Peer Review as an Intervention to Increase Replicability

Replication studies in psychological science sometimes fail to reproduce prior findings. If these studies use methods that are unfaithful to the original study or ineffective in eliciting the phenomenon of interest, then a failure to replicate may be a failure of the protocol rather than a challenge to the original finding. Formal pre-data-collection peer review by experts may address shortcomings and increase replicability rates. We selected 10 replication studies from the Reproducibility Project: Psychology (RP:P; Open Science Collaboration, 2015) for which the original authors had expressed concerns about the replication designs before data collection; only one of these studies had yielded a statistically significant effect (p < .05). Commenters suggested that lack of adherence to expert review and low-powered tests were the reasons that most of these RP:P studies failed to replicate the original effects. We revised the replication protocols and received formal peer review prior to conducting new replication studies. We administered the RP:P and revised protocols in multiple laboratories (median number of laboratories per original study = 6.5, range = 3–9; median total sample = 1,279.5, range = 276–3,512) for high-powered tests of each original finding with both protocols. Overall, following the preregistered analysis plan, we found that the revised protocols produced effect sizes similar to those of the RP:P protocols (Δr = .002 or .014, depending on analytic approach). The median effect size for the revised protocols (r = .05) was similar to that of the RP:P protocols (r = .04) and the original RP:P replications (r = .11), and smaller than that of the original studies (r = .37). Analysis of the cumulative evidence across the original studies and the corresponding three replication attempts provided very precise estimates of the 10 tested effects and indicated that their effect sizes (median r = .07, range = .00–.15) were 78% smaller, on average, than the original effect sizes (median r = .37, range = .19–.50)