Evaluation of a Novel Emergency Braking Task on a Driving Simulator with Haptic Anti-Lock Braking System Feedback

Rear-end crashes are one of the leading types of crashes today. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) was designed to assist drivers during emergency braking situations by preventing wheel lock up, allowing drivers to retain control of the vehicle. Not all drivers have knowledge and experience with ABS, especially the haptic brake pedal feedback produced by ABS. There studies introduce a new method to train ABS using an emergency braking task on a simulator and an interactive exercise, Pedals Emergency Stop©. The interactive exercise was designed to prompt participants to press the brake pedal in a motion that is consistent with emergency braking and experience haptic ABS feedback. Participants that depressed the brake pedal quickly to the maximum travel and held that pedal position “passed” the trial. In Study 1, participants (N = 63) completed 15 trials, where it took on average three trials to “pass” for the first time, and 85% of the participants experienced their first “pass” within the first four trials. There were no differences observed between participants with previous knowledge and experience feeling ABS versus those who did not have prior knowledge and experience with ABS. The participants in this study thought that they had enough trials, that the exercise was a practical tool, and recommended the task for new drivers and refresher training, as well as for evaluating fitness to drive. Suggested improvements included a practice followed by three tests, all with four trials each; passing criteria of three out of four trials; and modifications to the feedback presented immediately after completing each trail. Study 2 was conducted (N = 38) to investigate the proposed “passing” criteria, where 95% passed on Test 1. The results revealed that the criteria to pass was reasonable. Future research should examine how the Pedals Emergency Stop© interactive exercise generalizes to on-road driving

Evaluation of a Novel Emergency Braking Task on a Driving Simulator with Haptic Anti-Lock Braking System Feedback

Rear-end crashes are one of the leading types of crashes today. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) was designed to assist drivers during emergency braking situations by preventing wheel lock up, allowing drivers to retain control of the vehicle. Not all drivers have knowledge and experience with ABS, especially the haptic brake pedal feedback produced by ABS. There studies introduce a new method to train ABS using an emergency braking task on a simulator and an interactive exercise, Pedals Emergency Stop©. The interactive exercise was designed to prompt participants to press the brake pedal in a motion that is consistent with emergency braking and experience haptic ABS feedback. Participants that depressed the brake pedal quickly to the maximum travel and held that pedal position “passed” the trial. In Study 1, participants (N = 63) completed 15 trials, where it took on average three trials to “pass” for the first time, and 85% of the participants experienced their first “pass” within the first four trials. There were no differences observed between participants with previous knowledge and experience feeling ABS versus those who did not have prior knowledge and experience with ABS. The participants in this study thought that they had enough trials, that the exercise was a practical tool, and recommended the task for new drivers and refresher training, as well as for evaluating fitness to drive. Suggested improvements included a practice followed by three tests, all with four trials each; passing criteria of three out of four trials; and modifications to the feedback presented immediately after completing each trail. Study 2 was conducted (N = 38) to investigate the proposed “passing” criteria, where 95% passed on Test 1. The results revealed that the criteria to pass was reasonable. Future research should examine how the Pedals Emergency Stop© interactive exercise generalizes to on-road driving

Perspectivas para la Región Norte

Se contextualiza desde su perspectiva, ¿cuáles beneficios traerá el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte a su país y a la Región?, Canadá, EE. UU. y México son grandes productores, con un sector agropecuario muy desarrollado. ¿Cuáles oportunidades se les presentan en términos de comercio y mercados internacionales? y Desde el punto de vista de la cooperación internacional, ¿cómo podría su país contribuir a apoyar el desarrollo de los sistemas agrícolas de los países en desarrollo del hemisferio (incluidos los de la Región Caribe)

Suelos Vivos de las Américas

La Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible aprobada en septiembre del 2015 por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas incluye como uno de sus objetivos el de proteger, restablecer y promover el uso sostenible de los ecosistemas terrestres, gestionar los bosques de forma sostenible, luchar contra la desertificación, detener y revertir la degradación de las tierras y poner freno a la pérdida de la diversidad biológica.En este contexto toma mayor notoriedad el cuido y protección de los suelos siendo estos la principal base para el crecimiento de las plantas, muchas de las cuales sustentan la alimentación de los seres vivos