Sustainable Power Technology: A Viable Sustainable Energy Solution

There is no doubt that power reliability in most nations of the world has increased. Over the years, electric power has grown beyond providing utilities to being a dominant and fundamental part of civilization with smart phones, electronic vehicles, personal computers, etc. In order to meet the power demands of a growing economy, energy losses need to be minimized along transmission and distribution lines from power generation to the final load. This chapter discusses renewable energy sustainable solutions and superconducting power applications as a possible solution for energy sustainability, the environmental impacts of sustainable and superconducting technology with their future trends. It introduces smart grid and its roles in sustainability

Perspectives On African Urbanism: “New Methodologies”

This article raises questions about sample size and representativity of the remote sensing based urban sampling methodology. It argues that for many purposes a larger sample, than that of the initial study, would be better and complementary sampling procedures such as network analysis and snowball sampling may be indispensable to capture the variation needed to study some specific research topics. It uses the case of recent immigration to Gaborone, Botswana, to illustrate these points. Key words: Gaborone, Botswana, rural-urban migration, sampling techniques, urbanization, remote sensing

Community survey of childhood injuries in North-Central Nigeria

Background and purpose: Childhood injury is of great significance globally and epidemiological data on the subject in most developing countries are inadequate. Informed demographics can help direct resources toward research and programs most likely to reduce the burden.Methods: A survey to determine the prevalence, mechanism of injury, and intervention measures was conducted using pretested questionnaires distributed to consented parents/guardians of children 15 years and younger who presented at six selected hospitals (representing public and private and low or high income clientele hospitals) for healthcare needs for any reason. Results were analyzed using Epi Info (6.04) and SPSS software (version 15).Results: There were 1088 respondents comprising parents (96.5%) and guardians (3.5%). Most were 21–40 years old (86.2%) and 51.9% of them had more than three children living with them. Over 50% had witnessed injuries of their wards within the previous 12 months and about a quarter admitted that a child was injured more than once. The risk of injury was twice in the male child mainly in the 1–4 years age group. Most injuries (65.2%) occurred at home, with 98% being unintentional from falls (62.6%) and 71.9% of the times the parents witnessed the injury as it occurred. The intentional injuries (2%) followed assaults during fights among peers. Treatment was provided at home in  58.5% of children by the parents, whereas only 27.5% took their wards to the hospital; 12.6% received treatment at patent medicine stores and 1.3% from the herbal/ traditional bone setters’ home. Two deaths resulted from the injuries from fall, whereas six children had residual deformity as a result of home injury. Three-quarter (74.8%) of the respondents believed childhood injuries were preventable.Conclusion: Childhood injuries are not uncommon in the community. The significant proportions of respondents using inappropriate means of treatment and who believed that injuries are not preventable represent targets for health education and counseling in the community.Keywords: childhood injury, epidemiology, injury education, preventio

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE DETERMINANTS OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Introduction: The peril of abusing children sexually has turned out to be an inclusive disquiet in latest era. More than a few countries parliamentary section continue reviewing the actual punishment(s) intended for the offenders. Regardless of these hard works, the incidence of sexual exploitation of children is still apparent. Then, what are the factors responsible for the rate of this collective crisis? Hence, this study critically assessed the determinants of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA). Methods: Critical reassessment of empirical studies on the dominant factors of Child Sexual Abuse. Results: findings showed that the parenting deficiencies (parents living in severance, parents smoking or consuming alcohol non-stop, coming home lately after the close of work, pitiable bond with children and children that are in want for parental care at certain age), frightening surroundings (apprehensive children due to apparent insecure surroundings, unnecessary advances from neighbourhood, other forms parental complications and awful control from peers) and influence of social media (regular contact with social media). This study recommends preventative channel by firstly; tackling parenting deficiencies by parents themselves will go a long way in curbing the negative situation of child sexual exploitation. In addition, government should pilot the way in environmental protection by formulating and adopting policies that will improve security and safety in the society and children should be well-informed at home, school and religious centres on divulging unnecessary advances and prevention of social media that encourage wrong sexual activities and behaviour

CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE: THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT AND COPING STRATEGIES OF VICTIMS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Introduction: Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is one of the prevalent problems in the global world. It is an all-encompassing communal and collective distress that can affect members of the society directly or indirectly, and particularly, the victims’ welfare and efficiency throughout their existence. Thus, this study investigated the socio-cultural context of child sexual abuse and identified the coping strategies adopted by the victims of child sexual abuse in five selected Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: Primary data were adopted for this study. Information were sourced using both questionnaire and interview tools. 1012 respondents, who were adolescents (Senior Secondary School students of 11-18 years) and adult police officers, non-governmental organization workers and health professionals, were engaged in the study area. Findings: Majority (59.7%) of which were female, while male respondents accounted for 40.3%. Both descriptive and inference techniques were employed to analyse the data. The findings revealed that 85.3% of the respondents stated that their culture does not allow/permit child marriage. Also, 69.6% of the respondents affirmed that their culture allows the practice of polygamy family system. However, 15.3% of the respondents stated that polygamy is not fostered by their culture. Also, from the table, the majority of the respondents going by 65.7% stated that their culture frown at child marriage, while another majority going by 89.7 % stated that their culture allows/permit premarital sex. The coping strategies adopted significantly influence the victims of child sexual abuse (child support institution/hospital/rehabilitation center, receiving counseling from parent/guardian, counseling and routine checkups, and rehabilitation activities, physical and emotional support). Conclusion: This study recommends enlightening initiatives in schools, religious centers and homes with a view to impacting the children with skills and knowledge to help them recognize unsafe situation and prevent sexual abuse such as identifying limit violations, superfluous forms of touching and how to beckon or call for help. Also, there should be concentrated impact of post-disclosure events on victims – the investigation, justice processes and publicity. In addition, government should lead on securing better and more consistent support for victims of child sexual abuse through entire court processes and beyond into therapeutic support for victims of child sexual abuse

Experimental analytical design of CNC machine tool SCFC based on electro-pneumatic system simulation

AbstractA Smart Clamping Force Control (SCFC) is adapted to hold sensitive workpiece using magnetic proximity switch during a machining operation on the CNC machine tool. It has been ascertained that work-holding of different workpiece materials and shapes during machining operation is one of the problems encountered during CNC milling machining operations. This work proposes a novel clamping strategy for workpieces with the aid of SCFC. The purpose of the study is to adjust the forward movement of the clamp and reduce the damage caused by the clamp on the workpiece, this depends on the material of the work-piece. The speed of the clamp is reduced using the inlet flow control throttle valve and a magnetic proximity switch (MPS). It provides careful handling of workpiece and prevent it from damage and as well optimizes the forward movement of the cylinder. The proposed strategy is based on dynamic machine loading in which the impact of applied forces were monitored to optimize the clamping control system of the machine tool. The mode of operation and performance of the SCFC were simulated in the FluidSIM® software, and the validated results was presented on Festo workstation. This work therefore further elucidate the fundamental design criterion for machine tool clamping forces and the sustainable manufacture of its components

O-okun Yoruba in Yoruba art historiography: History, problems and prospects

One of the most obtrusive features of Yoruba studies has been its clear pattern of regional preferences and biases in its scholarship. This pattern is reflected in the present concentration of studies on the southwest, the northwest, the central subgroups of Ife, Owo, Ijesha, Egba, Ijebu, Oyo, and Ilorin on one hand, and the paucity of works on the northeast and southeast subgroups of the O-okun Yoruba, the Igbomina, the Ikale and the Ilaje on the other. There is no other subgroup where this particularistic trend in Yoruba studies and especially, art historiography can better be observed than with the scholarly neglect of the O-okun peoples, the most northeasterly of the Yoruba subgroups. An important goal of this thesis is to foreground the multi-culturalistic tendencies among the Yoruba and underscore the necessity to provide comparable scholarly attention to neglected subgroups, the O-okun peoples in particular