2,663 research outputs found
Characterization of the asymptotic distribution of semiparametric M-estimators
This paper develops a concrete formula for the asymptotic distribution of two-step, possibly non-smooth semiparametric M-estimators under general misspecification. Our regularity conditions are relatively straightforward to verify and also weaker than those available in the literature. The first-stage nonparametric estimation may depend on finite dimensional parameters. We characterize: (1) conditions under which the first-stage estimation of nonparametric components do not affect the asymptotic distribution, (2) conditions under which the asymptotic distribution is affected by the derivatives of the first-stage nonparametric estimator with respect to the finite-dimensional parameters, and (3) conditions under which one can allow non-smooth objective functions. Our framework is illustrated by applying it to three examples: (1) profiled estimation of a single index quantile regression model, (2) semiparametric least squares estimation under model misspecification, and (3) a smoothed matching estimator. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
E1-Like Activating Enzyme Atg7 Is Preferentially Sequestered into p62 Aggregates via Its Interaction with LC3-I
p62 is constitutively degraded by autophagy via its interaction with LC3. However, the interaction of p62 with LC3 species in the context of the LC3 lipidation process is not specified. Further, the p62-mediated protein aggregation's effect on autophagy is unclear. We systemically analyzed the interactions of p62 with all known Atg proteins involved in LC3 lipidation. We find that p62 does not interact with LC3 at the stages when it is being processed by Atg4B or when it is complexed or conjugated with Atg3. p62 does interact with LC3-I and LC3-I:Atg7 complex and is preferentially recruited by LC3-II species under autophagic stimulation. Given that Atg4B, Atg3 and LC3-Atg3 are indispensable for LC3-II conversion, our study reveals a protective mechanism for Atg4B, Atg3 and LC3-Atg3 conjugate from being inappropriately sequestered into p62 aggregates. Our findings imply that p62 could potentially impair autophagy by negatively affecting LC3 lipidation and contribute to the development of protein aggregate diseases. © 2013 Gao et al
Application of thermoluminescence for detection of cascade shower 2: Detection of cosmic ray cascade shower at Mount Fuji
The results of a thermoluminescence (TL) chamber exposed at Mt. Fuji during Aug. '83 - Aug. '84 are reported. The TL signal induced by cosmic ray shower is detected and compared with the spot darkness of X-ray film exposed at the same time
Application of thermoluminescence for detection of cascade shower 1: Hardware and software of reader system
A reader system for the detection of cascade showers via luminescence induced by heating sensitive material (BaSO4:Eu) is developed. The reader system is composed of following six instruments: (1) heater, (2) light guide, (3) image intensifier, (4) CCD camera, (5) image processor, (6) microcomputer. The efficiency of these apparatuses and software application for image analysis is reported
Chiral symmetry breaking and stability of strangelets
We discuss the stability of strangelets by considering dynamical chiral
symmetry breaking and confinement. We use a
symmetric Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model for chiral symmetry breaking supplemented
by a boundary condition for confinement. It is shown that strangelets with
baryon number can stably exist. For the observables, we
obtain the masses and the charge-to-baryon number ratios of the strangelets.
These quantities are compared with the observed data of the exotic particles.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physical Review
Chiral charge-density-waves
We discovered the chirality of charge density waves (CDW) in 1T-TiSe by
using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and optical ellipsometry. We found
that the CDW intensity becomes , where (i =1, 2, 3) is the amplitude of the tunnelling current
contributed by the CDWs. There were two states, in which the three intensity
peaks of the CDW decrease \textit{clockwise} and \textit{anticlockwise} when we
index each nesting vector in order of intensity in the Fourier transformation
of the STM images. The chirality in CDW results in the three-fold symmetry
breaking. Macroscopically, two-fold symmetry was indeed observed in optical
measurement. We propose the new generalized CDW chirality H_{CDW} \equiv
{\boldmath q_1} \cdot ({\boldmath q_2}\times {\boldmath q_3}), where
{\boldmath q_i} are the nesting vectors, which is independent of the
symmetry of components. The nonzero - the triple-{\boldmath q}
vectors do not exist in an identical plane in the reciprocal space - should
induce a real-space chirality in CDW system.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
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