Twenty most abundant bacterial (A) and eukaryotic (B) phylogenetic affiliations amongst all four metatranscriptomic libraries prepared from <i>Pycnopodia helianthoides</i> tissues.

<p>Phylogenetic affilitation was determined by BLASTx analysis against the non-redundant (nr) database at NCBI. Affiliations were normalized by dividing the percentage of reads amongst all reads by the length of contigs assigned to that affilitation.</p

Twenty most highly expressed functional annotations represented in sea star transcriptomes across all 4 libraries.

<p>Functional annotations were performed by BLASTx comparison against the non-redundant database at NCBI. Transcript frequencies were normalized by dividing percentage of reads associated with each annotation by contig length.</p

Similarity between overall metatranscriptomic profiles based on Manhattan Distance.

<p>Similarity was calculated based on gene-level annotations, and clustered by multidimensional scaling (MDS).</p

Asteroid holobiont metatranscriptome charactertics and assembly statistics for global analysis.

<p>All samples were from <i>Pycnopodia helianthoides</i> collected at the Seattle Aquarium on 10/26/13. A = Asymptomatic, S = Symptomatic.</p><p>Asteroid holobiont metatranscriptome charactertics and assembly statistics for global analysis.</p

Graphical representation of pathways that were significantly higher in symptomatic or in asymptomatic sea stars.

<p>Graphical representation of pathways that were significantly higher in symptomatic or in asymptomatic sea stars.</p

LongoetalRSOS.tar

This archive contains four files: (1) mapping file, (2) OTU table, (3) split libraries using the forward sequence read, and (4) tree file

LongoetalRSOS.tar

This archive contains four files: (1) mapping file, (2) OTU table, (3) split libraries using the forward sequence read, and (4) tree file

Occurrence and seasonal dynamics of RNA viral genotypes in three contrasting temperate lakes - Fig 3

<p>Contig architecture and pylogenetic representations of three viral genotypes observed in this study; Picornavirus TS24835 (top), Reovirus TS148892 (middle) and Picornavirus TS24641 (bottom). Phylogenetic dendrograms were generated based on an amino acid alignment (polyprotein for TS24835 and TS24635, and RNA polymerase VP1 for TS148892) using neighbor joining. Arrows indicate reading direction of ORFs on contigs.</p

Contigs matching known viruses by BLASTx against the non-redundant (<i>nr</i>) database at NCBI.

<p>The closest cultured virus and uncultured virus relatives are indicated.</p

Occurrence and seasonal dynamics of RNA viral genotypes in three contrasting temperate lakes

<div><p>Decades of research have demonstrated the crucial importance of viruses in freshwater ecosystems. However, few studies have focused on the seasonal dynamics and potential hosts of RNA viruses. We surveyed microbial-sized (i.e. 5–0.2 μm) mixed community plankton transcriptomes for RNA viral genomes and investigated their distribution between microbial and macrobial plankton over a seasonal cycle across three temperate lakes by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 30 contigs bearing similarity to RNA viral genomes were recovered from a global assembly of 30 plankton RNA libraries. Of these, only 13 were found in >2 libraries and recruited >100 reads (of 9.13 x 10⁷ total reads), representing several picornaviruses, two tobamoviruses and a reovirus. We quantified the abundance of four picornaviruses and the reovirus monthly from August 2014 to May 2015. Patterns of viral abundance in the >5 μm size fraction and representation in microbial-sized community RNA libraries over time suggest that one picornavirus genotype (TS24835) and the reovirus (TS148892) may infect small (<5 μm) eukaryotic microorganisms, while two other picornaviruses (TS24641 and TS4340) may infect larger (>5 μm) eukaryotic microorganisms or metazoa. Our data also suggest that picornavirus TS152062 may originate from an allochthonous host. All five viral genotypes were present in at least one size fraction across all 3 lakes during the year, suggesting that RNA viruses may easily disperse between adjacent aquatic habitats. Our data therefore demonstrate that RNA viruses are widespread in temperate lacustrine ecosystems, and may provide evidence of viral infection in larger eukaryotes (including metazoa) inhabiting the lakes.</p></div