Casimir energy inside a triangle

For certain class of triangles (with angles proportional to \fr{\pi}{N}, $N\geq 3$) we formulate image method by making use of the group $G_N$ generated by reflections with respect to the three lines which form the triangle under consideration. We formulate the renormalization procedure by classification of subgroups of $G_N$ and corresponding fixed points in the triangle. We also calculate Casimir energy for such geometries, for scalar massless fields. More detailed calculation is given for odd $N$.Comment: Latex, 13 page

PerSeVerE: persistency semantics for verification under ext4.

Although ubiquitous, modern filesystems have rather complex behaviours that are hardly understood by programmers and lead to severe software bugs such as data corruption. As a first step to ensure correctness of software performing file I/O, we formalize the semantics of the Linux ext4 filesystem, which we integrate with the weak memory consistency semantics of C/C++. We further develop an effective model checking approach for verifying programs that use the filesystem. In doing so, we discover and report bugs in commonly-used text editors such as vim, emacs and nano

Image filtering by convolution

Image filtering is a common technique used in digital image processing that can be used to make a picture appear differently aesthetically. Noise, also known as distracting visual artifacts, can lower the overall quality of a picture, which is why image improvement techniques are required to fix the problem. It can be utilized in a variety of ways, including smoothing, sharpening, reducing noise, and detecting borders, to name a few. In this piece, we will be using convolutional techniques to correct the images that were messed up. The first thing that needs to be done is a point-by-point multiplication of the frequency domain representation of the picture that's being entered through a black image that has a small white rectangle in the mid of it. This is the first step. Only the lowest harmonics are kept after we apply a filter that gets rid of the higher ones. Because the high frequencies in the input picture are filtered out, the special domain of the image that is produced should look like a blurrier variation of the original picture. Therefore, a greater degree of detail preservation is indicated when the white rectangle W is larger because this indicates that more high-frequency components of I have been preserved

BETTERMENT OF DICLOFENAC-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY BY PENTOXIFYLLINE THROUGH MODULATION OF INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS

Objectives: Diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity is caused by oxidative stress which leads to lipid peroxidation and formation of free radicals. Pentoxifylline can ameliorates renal tissue injury by its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antioxidant effects, so it mitigates the progression of renal diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of pentoxifylline on diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups, Group 1 (n=10): Rats treated with distilled water 5 ml/kg plus normal saline 5 ml/kg for 12 days, Group 2 (n=10): Rats treated with distilled water 5 ml/kg plus diclofenac 15 mg/kg for 12 days, and Group 3 (n=10): Rats treated with pentoxifylline 100 mg/kg plus diclofenac 15 mg/kg for 12 days. Blood urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione reductase (GSH), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecules (KIM-1) vitronectin (VTN), integrin (ITG) , interleukin-18 (IL-18) and cystatin-C were used to measure the severity of nephrotoxicity. Results: Diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity led to significant elevation in blood urea, serum creatinine, MDA, IL-18, KIM-1, NGAL, serum ITG, and VTN with decrease of SOD-1 and GSH sera levels p<0.05. Treatment with pentoxifylline showed no significant effect on all biomarker levels compared to diclofenac group except on serum level KIM-1 and serum VTN, p<0.05. Conclusion: Pentoxifylline produced significant nephroprotective effect on diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of inflammatory biomarkers

Multi-rate and multi-resolution scalable to lossless audio compression using PSPIHT

This paper presents a scalable to lossless compression scheme that allows scalability in terms of sampling rate as well as quantization resolution. The scheme presented is perceptually scalable and it also allows lossless compression. The scheme produces smooth objective scalability, in terms of SNR, until lossless compression is achieved. The scheme is built around the perceptual SPIHT algorithm, which is a modification of the SPIHT algorithm. Objective and subjective results are given that show perceptual as well as objective scalability. The subjective results given also show that the proposed scheme performs comparably with the MPEG-4 AAC coder at 16, 32 and 64 kbps

Prevention and treatment of pustular skin diseases in cattle

cattle, ustular skin diseases, prevention, treatment, крс, кожные заболевания, профилактика, лечени

Modulation of P-glycoprotein activity by acridones and coumarins from Citrus sinensis

Bioguided fractionation of the roots of Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) led to the isolation and identification of five coumarins, namely, clausarin, suberosin, poncitrin, xanthyletin and thamnosmonin, seven acridones, namely, acrimarine B, 2-methoxycitpressine I, citpressine I, buntanine, acrimarine E, honyumine and acrimarine C, and one terpenoid, namely, limonin. Among these compounds, clausarin, 2-methoxycitpressine I and acrimarine E inhibited P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in K562/R7 human leukemic cells over-expressing P-glycoprotein

EFFECT OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH PLASMA ON DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS IN THE MANDIBLE OF RABBITS: A MORPHOLOGIC AND MORPHOMETRIC APPROACH

Distraction osteogenesis of the jaws is a common surgical practice in the treatment of pediatric craniofacial deformities. Autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been used to increase the healing potential of bones in humans during distraction osteogenesis. This article aims to study the morphometric and morphologic parameters resulting from the effect of PRP on bone healing after mandibular distraction in rabbits. Right mandibular distraction was performed in 12 rabbits divided equally into 2 groups. PRP and physiological saline were injected, according to a defined protocol, in the callus following distraction of the experimental and control groups respectively. The rabbits were sacrificed after a consolidation period of 45 days and the mandibles were surgically removed. Bone mineral density, radiographic analysis, mechanical properties and histological features of the lengthened bones were assessed using radiographic examination, dual X-ray absorptiometry, biomechanical testing and histology. Results showed that the regenerate bone density, the amount of trabeculation in addition to the bone mineral density and mineral content, as measured by absorptiometry, were better with PRP but not significantly different between groups. Two radiographs revealed a more consistent healing in the experimental mandibles compared with erratic outcomes in corresponding controls. Two of the latter could not be subjected to any mechanical testing because the mandibular parts, connected with fibrous tissue, were separated. Consequently, the biomechanical test depicted greater maximal loads in the experimental group. The histological studies exhibited more ossification and less connective tissue fibers in the experimental group. PRP accelerated healing of mandibles in rabbits following distraction and improved their biomechanical properties. These findings have significant clinical implications on reducing the period of consolidation of the mandibles which may not be immobilized like other bones for long period tim

Rhodococcus Bacteremia in Cancer Patients Is Mostly Catheter Related and Associated with Biofilm Formation

Rhodococcus is an emerging cause of opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, most commonly causing cavitary pneumonia. It has rarely been reported as a cause of isolated bacteremia. However, the relationship between bacteremia and central venous catheter is unknown. Between 2002 and 2010, the characteristics and outcomes of seventeen cancer patients with Rhodococcus bacteremia and indwelling central venous catheters were evaluated. Rhodococcus bacteremias were for the most part (94%) central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). Most of the bacteremia isolates were Rhodococcus equi (82%). Rhodococcus isolates formed heavy microbial biofilm on the surface of polyurethane catheters, which was reduced completely or partially by antimicrobial lock solution. All CLABSI patients had successful response to catheter removal and antimicrobial therapy. Rhodococcus species should be added to the list of biofilm forming organisms in immunocompromised hosts and most of the Rhodococcus bacteremias in cancer patients are central line associated