1,534 research outputs found
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
The concept of restenosis is discussed concerning the definition, incidence, mechanisms and possibilities of its prevention and attenuation. Histological and functional restenosis is defined as well as the distinct arrangements of restenosis evolution after angioplasty without stent or with stent implantation are underlined. The main mechanisms of restenosis development due to bare metal stent or drug eluting stent utilization are emphasized. A special aspect is referred to molecular mechanisms of restenosis linked to inflammation, diabetes mellitus, genetic risk factors, endothelial dysfunction, immune-allergic response. Thrombosis as an independent causal factor of restenosis is analyzed since mechanical alteration of the vessel being evoking the role of grow factors and cytokines in the neointimal proliferation associated with smooth myocytes migration.ΠΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π½Ρ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ½Π΄oΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΡ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ c ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π΅
Using the method of hybridization in situ, RT-PCR, confocal scanner microscopy and immunofluorescent microscopy with specific antibodies to matrix metalloproteinase collagenase IV (MMP-2), we analyzed expression of tissue inhibitor (TIMMP-2) and mononuclear cell marker CD68 in restenosed coronary tissue taken from 11 patients who died with in-stent restenosis (ISS). The expression and quantity of micro-ribonucleic acids (micro-RNA/145), MMP-2 and TIMMP-2 were estimated, as well as the number of present macrophages. The micro-RNA/145 expression and quantity are reduced in ISS, and this reduction is proportional to restenosis degree. On the other hand, the MMP-2 expression and quantity in the neointima are increased while that of TIMMP-2 is reduced. With respect to the number of macrophages present in the neointima of ISS tissue, their number is greatly elevated in the areas affected by the restenosis.ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ in situ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π΅-2 (ΠΠΠ-2) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π°Π·Π° 4, ΠΊ Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ Π’ΠΠΠΠ-2 ΠΈ ΠΊ CD68, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ 145, ΠΠΠ-2, Π’ΠΠΠΠ-2, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅, Π²Π·ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° 11 ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΠ‘Π ). ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ-Π ΠΠ/145 ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ‘Π , Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ-2 Π² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π’ΠΠΠΠ-2. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΠ‘Π ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²
Comments Upon an Earth Dam Severely Damaged by Foundation Liquefaction
The damage of the Draganesti earth dam on lower sector of the Olt river due to foundation liquefaction during 30th May 1990, 0.12 g in site maximum acceleration, Vrancea earthquake is described. The dam is up to 20 m maximum height and border cross-wise and laterally the reservoir with 12.6 km length of the low head hydroelectric power station. The damage consisting of a large slide with about 60 m length at the dam downstream face and some cracks and lift-up of the reinforced concrete slabs at the corresponding upstream toe zone was placed in a zone where any special technology for increasing the relative density of the foundation loose sand layer was not applied. The natural relative density of the above mentioned layer having 1.20β¦7.00 m thickness was Dr =0.15β¦0.30, but it was increased up to 0.55β¦0.65 by vibrated-compacted gravel microcolumns technology, that was applied for over 80 % of dam foundation area. A comprehensive seismic backanalysis is performed in order to explain the damage mechanism
Gender, age, and pharmacistsβ job satisfaction
A comprehensive literature review was conducted on the concept of job satisfaction in the pharmacist workforce field and the facets it comprises, as well as its measurement, aiming to (i) review the nature, mechanisms, and importance of job satisfaction in the context of the pharmacist workforce, (ii) survey some of the most salient facets that configure job satisfaction, and (iii) discuss validity and measurement issues pertaining to it.
Although female pharmacists generally hold less appealing jobs, earn lower wages and salaries, and are promoted less frequently than their male counterparts, they report higher levels of job satisfaction. Age has a U-shape effect on job satisfaction, with middle-age pharmacists less satisfied than both younger and older practitioners. Workload, stress, advancement opportunities, job security, autonomy, fairness in the workplace, supervisors, coworkers, flexibility, and job atmosphere are facets contributing to pharmacistsβ job satisfaction. Finally, discrepancy exists among researchers in measuring job satisfaction as a single global indicator or as a composite measure derived from indices of satisfaction with key aspects of a job.
Understanding the mechanisms that affect pharmacistsβ job satisfaction is important to employers in their pursuit to respond to practitionersβ needs, decrease turnover, and increase productivity. As pharmacistsβ response to work-related conditions and experiences depends on gender and age, a unique set of rewards and incentives may not be universally effective. Additional research into the dynamics of the forces shaping pharmacistsβ perceptions, opinions, and attitudes is needed in order to design and implement policies that allocate human resources more efficiently within the various pharmacy settings
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