79 research outputs found

    Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of palm diacylglycerol bakery shortening during storage

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    BACKGROUND: Diacylglycerol (DAG), which has health-enhancing properties, is sometimes added to bakery shortening to produce baked products with enhanced physical functionality. Nevertheless, the quantity present is often too little to exert any positive healthful effects. This research aimed to produce bakery shortenings containing significant amounts of palm diacyglycerol (PDG). Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of the PDG bakery shortenings during 3 months storage were evaluated and compared with those of commercial bakery shortening (CS). RESULTS: PDG bakery shortenings (DS55, DS64 and DS73) had less significant increments in slip melting point (SMP), solid fat content (SFC) and hardness during storage as compared to CS. Unlike CS, melting behaviour and viscoelastic properties of PDG bakery shortenings remained unchanged during storage. As for polymorphic transformation, CS contained only β crystals after 8 weeks of storage. PDG bakery shortenings managed to retard polymorphic transformation for up to 10 weeks of storage in DS55 and 12 weeks of storage in DS64 and DS73. CONCLUSION: PDG bakery shortenings had similar if not better storage stability as compared to CS. This is mainly due to the ability of DAG to retard polymorphic transformation from β′ to β crystals. Thus, incorporation of DAG improved physical functionality of bakery shortening

    Strangeness enhancement at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c

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    Ks0K^{0}_{s}, Λ\Lambda, Ξ\Xi, Ω\Omega and negative particle yields and transverse mass spectra have been measured at central rapidity in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions at 158 AA GeV/cc. The yields in Pb-Pb interactions % are presented as a function of the collision centrality and compared with those obtained from p-Pb collisions. Strangeness enhancement in Pb-Pb relative to p-Pb collisions increases with the strangeness content of the particle. Going from p-Pb to Pb-Pb, the strange particle yields increase faster than linearly with the number of participants NpartN_{part} up to Npart100N_{part} \approx 100, thereafter the increase becomes %linear with NpartN_{part}. Yields are studied as a function of the number of nucleons participating in the collision NpartN_{part}, which is estimated with the Glauber model. From p-Pb to Pb-Pb collisions the particle yields per participant increase substantially. The enhancement is more pronounced for multistrange particles, and exceeds an order of magnitude for the Ω\Omega. For a number of participants, NpartN_{part}, greater than 100100, however, all yields per participant appear to be constant

    Determination of the number of wounded nucleons in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c

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    The charged particle multiplicity distributions measured by two experiments, WA97 and NA57, in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c have been analyzed in the framework of the wounded nucleon model (WNM). We obtain a good description of the data within the centrality range of our samples. This allows us to make use of the measured multiplicities to estimate the number of wounded nucleons of the collision
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