South and South-East Asian coastal fisheries: their status and directions for improved management: conference synopsis and recommendations

As a step to address the problems of coastal fisheries in Asia, the WorldFish Center joined forces with fisheries agencies from eight developing Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam) and the Asian Development Bank, to implement a project entitled “Sustainable Management of Coastal Fish Stocks in Asia” (also known as the “TrawlBase” project). The project was implemented between 1998 and 2001. The main achievements of this partnership were: (a) Development of a database called “Fisheries Resource Information System and Tools” (FiRST), which contains trawl research survey data and socioeconomic information for selected fisheries, and facilitates its analysis; (b) Evaluation of the extent of resource decline and over-fishing, both biological and economic, in the region; (c) Identification of the measures needed to manage coastal fisheries in the participating countries, resulting in draft strategies and action plans; and (d) Strengthening of national capacity in coastal fisheries assessment, planning and management

Cauchy's residue theorem for a class of real valued functions

Let $[a,b]$ be an interval in $\mathbb{R}$ and let $F$ be a real valued function defined at the endpoints of $[a,b]$ and with a certain number of discontinuities within $[a,b]$. Having assumed $F$ to be differentiable on a set $[a,b] \backslash E$ to the derivative $f$, where $E$ is a subset of $[a,b]$ at whose points $F$ can take values $\pm \infty$ or not be defined at all, we adopt the convention that $F$ and $f$ are equal to 0 at all points of $E$ and show that $\mathcal{KH-}vt\int_{a}^{b}f=F(b) -F(a)$%, where $\mathcal{KH-}$ $vt$ denotes the total value of the \textit{% Kurzweil-Henstock} integral. The paper ends with a few examples that illustrate the theory.Comment: 6 page

Lessons from last mile electrification in Colombia: Examining the policy framework and outcomes for sustainability

More than a decade ago, Colombia reached a 95% electrification rate. Despite efforts from multiple actors, including government, private sector companies, communities and donors, this rate has only barely improved. In 2020, around 1.9 million Colombians – all residing in rural areas – lacked access to electricity. The electrification challenge is compounded by the geographical isolation of these last mile communities, which makes interconnection to the national electricity grid infeasible. Even where off-grid communities do have access to electricity, supply is often limited to less than six hours per day raising questions about the adequacy of provision. This paper investigates last mile electrification in Colombia, specifically examining the policy framework and the outcomes for the sustainability of last mile projects. Drawing on document analysis, expert interviews and case studies, this paper finds that the government has created an overly complex policy environment which hinders rather than facilitates electrification efforts. It also continues prioritizing the use of diesel generators through costly supply-side subsidies, resulting in high operating costs and inadequate service. More recently, although renewable sources have shown good outcomes, for instance in the case studies examined here, these experiences have not been extensible disseminated. Finally, this paper argues that changes are required to the institutional framework to deliver electricity to last mile communities in Colombia. Specifically, if the multidimensional benefits of electricity are to be realized, changes will need to include improvements in public infrastructure to promoting intersectoral work that promotes socio-economic development of last mile communities and beyond

Relation entre notation sociale et structure financière des entreprises : une étude empirique.

Relation entre notation sociale et structure financière des entreprises : une étude empirique Cet article étudie le lien entre la structure du capital des entreprises et leur notation sociale. Notre modèle théorique montre que les entreprises les moins éthiques, pour échapper à la sanction du marché financier, recourent plus massivement à l'endettement, notamment à l'emprunt bancaire. En effet, l'intérêt croissant des investisseurs pour la responsabilité sociale fait que les entreprises non éthiques supportent un coût des capitaux propres plus élevé que leurs concurrentes éthiques. Inversement, le coût de la dette n'est pas lié à la qualité éthique de l'entreprise, les banques ne prenant pas en compte le critère éthique dans la fixation des taux d'intérêt. Nous proposons de vérifier que le niveau d'endettement des entreprises est en relation décroissante avec la note RSE (responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise). Nous tenons compte dans notre analyse de l'influence de plusieurs déterminants de la structure du capital, comme les coûts de faillite, le niveau de taxation, les variables d'agence et d'asymétrie d'information. L'étude porte sur un échantillon de 562 entreprises européennes pour lesquelles nous disposons de la note RSE fournie par l'agence de notation Vigéo. La période d'étude s'étend sur les années 1999 à 2007. Nos résultats montrent que la structure financière actuelle des entreprises est encore peu influencée par la note éthique. En revanche, lorsque l'on cherche à comprendre comment cette structure évolue, on identifie clairement la note éthique comme un facteur de changement : plus une entreprise a une bonne note éthique, plus elle se détourne de l'endettement.investissement socialement responsable ; notation éthique ; coût du capital ; endettement ; structure du capital ; optimum.

Social and medical aspects longevity

The article deals with the demographical problem's population aging, life expectancy, premature aging, are shown results on quality of life in countries in relation to different indexes, that form itye

ONGOING RESEARCH ON SPECIES OF DINOPHYSIS: ALTERNATIVES WITH UNCULTURABLE DINOFLAGELLATES

Dinophysis 200

Real-time 10Gbps Polarization Independent Quasicoherent Receiver for NG-PON2 Access Networks

In this paper, we propose and test experimentally a real-time 10 Gbps polarization independent quasicoherent receiver for NG-PON2 access networks. The proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver exhibits a sensitivity of -35.2 dBm after 40 km SSMF transmission with a commercial generic EML as transmitter. This sensitivity means a 14.9 dB improvement over a direct detection scheme with a photodiode after 40 km SSMF transmission. Therefore, the use of the proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver with the tested EML will provide a power budget of 34.76 dB (class E1) and a splitting ratio of 128 after the 40 km SSMF transmission. Finally, the proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver allows a colorless and optical filterless operation because wavelength selection is done by tuning the local oscillator wavelength and using electrical intermediate frequency filtering. IEE