Applying Landscape Ecological Metrics on Land Use Change in Lanyang Plain

Land use is the human activity affecting by economical, cultural, political and historical factors and presents complex, uncertainty and spatiotemporal characteristics. Understanding of land use change and its trend are necessary for understanding the environmental problems. Nestled between the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Central and Snow Mountains in the north and southwest, Lanyang Plain is one of Taiwan¡¦s most picturesque and secluded geographical areas. However, due to the great construction, Taipei-Yilan highway, the regional landscape structure on a large scale in this area has been directly changed. The original ecological function was thus deteriorated a lot. Conflicts between ecological and socio-economic aspects tend to obstruct the implementation of traditional landscape policy instruments. In this study, land use data in 1982, 1984, 1994, and 2002 surveyed by the government were collected to analyze land use change. After classifying land use categories from the original data, landscape structure in landscape and class scale levels are quantified by calculating landscape metrics. The quantified indices as well as the related events and their driving forces are discussed further. Proper mitigation strategies are then proposed as the suggestions for future management.

OFFENDING TRAJECTORIES AMONG SEX OFFENDERS IN TAIWAN

Risk assessment instruments have been believed to serve a crucial role in managing sex offender populations because by providing estimates of offender’s risk levels, they also help legal services provide appropriate treatment directions. With rising recognition that pitfalls exist in current actuarial risk assessments, which are embedded in a variable-oriented perspective and based on the assumption that the risk of reoffending is linear, additive, and relatively stable overtime, researchers have begun to examine the sex offender population from a person-oriented approach by looking into offending trajectories, which attempt to account for the heterogeneity of individual development. However, current studies have primarily focused on Caucasian males in North America, which limits the generalizability of findings. The purpose of the current study was to fill this gap in the research by examining the heterogeneity of offending trajectories among Taiwanese sexual offenders using retrospective longitudinal data. Data for the current study included 1,607 adult male Taiwanese sex offenders who were released from prison and under community supervision between 2012 and 2016. Data analysis was separated into two phases. In the first phase, Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) was used to identify groups of offenders with similar offending trajectories of 1) any offending 2) sexual offending. In the second phase, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the differences among groups with respect to demographic characteristics and offending risk. A five-trajectory model for all offending and a four-trajectory model for sexual offending were identified. In addition, the differences among the trajectory groups regarding demographic characteristics and offending risk were also revealed. These findings contribute to the existing trajectory research by confirming and adding to the generalizability of previous findings. Specifically, there were similarities between the trajectories identified in the current study and trajectories found in prior research, highlighting the potential cross-cultural universality among the heterogeneity of sex offender populations. Further implications and directions for future research are discussed

調整気相がブロッコリー花蕾に含まれる呼吸酵素の誘導量と活性に及ぼす影響

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学准教授 牧野 義雄, 東京大学教授 河鰭 実之, 東京大学准教授 荒木 徹也, 東京薬科大学教授 野口 航, 国立研究開発法人農業･食品産業技術総合研究機構ユニット長 永田 雅靖University of Tokyo(東京大学

Identifying the attack sources of botnets for a renewable energy management system by using a revised locust swarm optimisation scheme

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks often use botnets to generate a high volume of packets and adopt controlled zombies for flooding a victim’s network over the Internet. Analysing the multiple sources of DDoS attacks typically involves reconstructing attack paths between the victim and attackers by using Internet protocol traceback (IPTBK) schemes. In general, traditional route-searching algorithms, such as particle swarm optimisation (PSO), have a high convergence speed for IPTBK, but easily fall into the local optima. This paper proposes an IPTBK analysis scheme for multimodal optimisation problems by applying a revised locust swarm optimisation (LSO) algorithm to the reconstructed attack path in order to identify the most probable attack paths. For evaluating the effectiveness of the DDoS control centres, networks with a topology size of 32 and 64 nodes were simulated using the ns-3 tool. The average accuracy of the LS-PSO algorithm reached 97.06 for the effects of dynamic traffic in two experimental networks (number of nodes = 32 and 64). Compared with traditional PSO algorithms, the revised LSO algorithm exhibited a superior searching performance in multimodal optimisation problems and increased the accuracy in traceability analysis for IPTBK problems

Location-based Data Analysis of Visitor Structure for Recreational Area Management

This work presents a location-based data analysis framework for profiling visitors structures. In terms of recreational area management, understanding visitors’ structure and popularity is important. Traditionally, visitors monitoring with automatic counting devices has drawbacks of inaccurate visitors counting. In this work, compared to automatic counting devices, we use Wi-Fi tracking as the main method to count visitors, which provides a fairly precise picture of visitor structures. Moreover, we deliver rich analytic functions in this framework and we present the functionality with visitor data collected from Guanyinshan Visitor Center. This framework not only standardizes visitor counting process but also facilitates a profound analysis of visitor structures. Key Words: Guanyinshan Visitor Center, Wi-Fi trackin

Efficacy of Mammographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer in Women Less Than 40 Years of Age: Experience from a Single Medical Center in Taiwan

Background/PurposeMammography is the standard imaging modality for breast cancer diagnosis. However, the value of mammographic diagnosis in breast cancer patients aged less than 40 years old has not been well assessed. The goal of our study was to determine the diagnostic efficacy of mammography for the detection of breast cancer in women under 40 years of age in a single medical center in Taiwan.MethodsOf 1766 women diagnosed with breast cancer in one medical center between 1999 and 2005, 227 (12.9%) who were younger than 40 years of age were enrolled, and 105 of these 227 patients had pre-biopsy mammograms available for analysis. The sensitivities for mammography at first (prospective) and second (retrospective) readings and for corresponding ultrasound were calculated. The distribution of different breast composition between the mammographic true-positive (TP) and false-negative (FN) lesions at the first and second readings was analyzed.ResultsOf the 105 patients, 104 presented with a palpable mass and the other one was asymptomatic. There were 109 pathologically proven breast cancers from the 105 patients; 92 of 109 cancerous lesions were detected at the first mammographic reading (sensitivity 84.4%), and the most common mammographic sign was microcalcifications (40.2%). The second reading detected seven additional cancers (99 of 109 lesions; sensitivity 90.8%). There was no significant difference between mammographic TP and FN lesions for the different breast composition on first and second readings. Ninety patients also had ultrasound available for correlation with 94 cancers diagnosed from them. The diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound was 94.7% (89 of 94 lesions).ConclusionMammography has an acceptable sensitivity for the detection of breast cancer in women aged less than 40 years, regardless of different breast composition. Breast ultrasound can offer a higher sensitivity for such a population