Palladium-catalyzed facile synthesis of furoquinolinones and furopyridinones

<p>This work is focused on the development of a convenient and efficient approach for the synthesis of furoquinolinones and furopyridinones through palladium-catalyzed cyclization reactions between styrenes and 4-hydroxyquinolinones/4-hydroxypyridinones under air conditions. Studies conducted to evaluate the antitumoral potential of the resulted compounds revealed that some of the obtained furoquinolinones exhibited <i>in vitro</i> antiproliferative activity on human-derived stomach cancer cell lines.</p

Thin Copper-Based Film for Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Production from Neutral Aqueous Solutions

Here, we report a water-soluble copper­(II) complex acting as a hydrogen evolution catalyst in a neutral aqueous solution, which could be further developed to form water reduction material through electrodeposition. The material with extremely low loading of 33 μg Cu cm^–2 showed impressive TON value of 5876 and TOF of 734 h^–1 in 8 h CPE experiment in a neutral phosphate buffer solution. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the high-resolution C 1s peak is corresponding to a CC bond at 284.8 eV, C–N bond at 285.6 eV, C–O bond at 286.4 eV, and two different types of nitrogen configurations at around 398.5 and 399.9 eV are ascribed to pyridinic CN and tertiary amine C–N bonds, respectively, which implies that the ligand might be incorporated into the copper active material. It is assumed that the presence of the ligand has an influence on the activity and stability of the deposit

Thin Copper-Based Film for Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Production from Neutral Aqueous Solutions

Here, we report a water-soluble copper­(II) complex acting as a hydrogen evolution catalyst in a neutral aqueous solution, which could be further developed to form water reduction material through electrodeposition. The material with extremely low loading of 33 μg Cu cm^–2 showed impressive TON value of 5876 and TOF of 734 h^–1 in 8 h CPE experiment in a neutral phosphate buffer solution. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the high-resolution C 1s peak is corresponding to a CC bond at 284.8 eV, C–N bond at 285.6 eV, C–O bond at 286.4 eV, and two different types of nitrogen configurations at around 398.5 and 399.9 eV are ascribed to pyridinic CN and tertiary amine C–N bonds, respectively, which implies that the ligand might be incorporated into the copper active material. It is assumed that the presence of the ligand has an influence on the activity and stability of the deposit

<i>TYMS</i> haplotype analysis of combined group.

<p>*Adjusted by age and gender;</p>$<p>P value for difference in haplotypes distributions between case and control subjects;</p>#<p>The sum of other rare haplotypes.</p

Demographic characteristics in CCSDs cases and controls.

<p>*All comparisons by 2-side χ2 test. Date shown in the table is means (±SEM).</p

The allelic and genotype frequency of the <i>TYMS</i> polymorphisms in CCSD patients and controls.

<p>*MAF, minor allele frequency from HapMap database for CHB population.</p>$<p>P value for difference in genotypes distributions between case and control subjects.</p>&<p>P value for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test in the control subjects. Additional detailed genotype frequencies is present in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0031644#pone.0031644.s002" target="_blank">Table S2</a>.</p>#<p>Not available in dbSNP database.</p

A Genetic Variant in Vitamin B12 Metabolic Genes That Reduces the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Han Chinese Populations

<div><p>Background</p><p>Genome-wide association studies on components of the one-carbon metabolic pathway revealed that human vitamin B12 levels could be significantly influenced by variationsinthefucosyltransferase 2 (<i>FUT2</i>), cubilin (<i>CUBN</i>), and transcobalamin-I (<i>TCN1</i>) genes. An altered vitamin B12 level is an important factor that disturbs the homeostasis of the folate metabolism pathway, which in turn can potentially lead to the development of congenital heart disease (CHD). Therefore, we investigated the association between the variants of vitamin B12-related genes and CHD in Han Chinese populations.</p><p>Methods and Results</p><p>Six variants of the vitamin B12-related genes were selected for analysis in two independent case-control studies, with a total of 868 CHD patients and 931 controls. The variant rs11254363 of the <i>CUBN</i> gene was associated with a decreased risk of developing CHD in both the separate and combined case-control studies. Combined samples from the two cohorts had a significant decrease in CHD risk for the G allele (OR = 0.48, <i>P</i> = 1.7×10⁻⁵) and AG+GG genotypes (OR = 0.49, <i>P</i> = 4×10⁻⁵), compared with the wild-type A allele and AA genotype, respectively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Considering the G allele of variant rs11254363 of the <i>CUBN</i> gene was associated with an increased level of circulating vitamin B12. This result suggested that the carriers of the G allele would benefit from the protection offered by the high vitamin B12 concentration during critical heart development stages. This finding shed light on the unexpected role of <i>CUBN</i> in CHD development and highlighted the interplay of diet, genetics, and human birth defects.</p></div

The SNPs investigated in the association study.

a<p>MAF, minor allele frequency from the HapMap database for the CHB population. The difference in the genotype distributions between the case and control subjects in the co-dominant model was estimated by ^b<i>P</i>value for the chi-square test and ^c<i>P</i>value for Fisher’s exact test, respectively. ^d<i>P</i>value for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test in the control subjects. Additional detailed genotype frequencies are presented in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0088332#pone.0088332.s002" target="_blank">Table S2</a>.</p

Associations between variant rs11254363 of <i>CUBN</i> and CHD in two independent case-control studies.

a<p>Adjusted for age and sex; ^bGenotype and allele frequencies in the case and control participants were compared using the χ² test with 2 degrees of freedom (df) and 1 degree of freedom (df), respectively. The association with genotype was evaluated in the dominant genetic model.</p