EFFECT OF SALINITY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND TUBERIZATION YIELD IN THE GENOTYPE OF POTATO CULTIVAR AGRIA UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS

The aim of this study aimed to investigate the effect of salinity levels on physiological and biochemical properties and tuberization yield of potato, cultivar Agria, in MS culture medium. After preparation and cultivation of tuber, the lateral aerial buds were removed after a few months and cultured in MS medium. After that, healthy samples were prepared and induced at the above-mentioned salinity stress level and transferred to the culture medium. Two weeks later, an air sample was taken, and the physiological and biochemical properties studied in this study (photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble sugars, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes) were measured. Finally, salinity stress assessment was evaluated and studied in a fluid environment. The effects of stress on different stages of seedling growth in vitro conditions and the activity of photosynthetic and enzymatic pigments were investigated using spectrophotometric measurements and in accordance with their protocols. Data analysis of variance showed that salinity reduces photosynthetic pigments and salinity to a concentration of 50 mM, it is resistant to the addition of compounds such as soluble sugars, proline and antioxidant activity but at higher concentrations (75 and 100 mM), the plant is likely to be severely damaged due to excessive growth in active oxygen species. Therefore, due to the increase in antioxidant activity, it indicates an increase in the removal of active oxygen species, this feature is often used as an indicator to increase salinity tolerance. Research on the different ecological conditions in Iran, research is needed on other potato cultivars and molecular studies

Prediction of spring radiation frost by an empirical model (Case study of Qazvin Plain)

Late spring frost cause a lot of damage to the agricultural sector every year. Prediction of this phenomenon is needed to active protection of plants. In this research, using FAO experimental method, daily and hourly data of two meteorological stations were used to determine the coefficients of the experimental model for prediction radiation frost in Qazvin Plain. also, in order to investigate the climatic condition of spring frost, the daily minimum temperature data of Qazvin and Buinzahra stations were used. The analysis of sixty years data in Qazvin stations showed that the intensity of frost has decreased during these years, but frequency of frost in Ordibehesht month has increased. Air, dew-point at two hours after sunset and minimum temperature relate 25 events of radiation frost at Simorgh station were used for regional coefficient calculation based on two models. These models were evaluated using 14 events of radiation frost at Tat stations. The mean absolute error(MAE) for testing and evaluating of Model1 was 0.71℃ and 1.21℃ and for Model2 was 0.67℃ and 1.09℃. The findings also showed that both models have acceptable accuracy in estimating the minimum temperature of the next day. It is proposed that these two models can be used for prediction of radiation frost in other regions

Sex differences in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after adenoviral vaccination against COVID-19

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) is a severe disease with high mortality. There are few data on sex differences in CVST-VITT. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences in presentation, treatment, clinical course, complications, and outcome of CVST-VITT between women and men. Patients and methods: We used data from an ongoing international registry on CVST-VITT. VITT was diagnosed according to the Pavord criteria. We compared the characteristics of CVST-VITT in women and men. Results: Of 133 patients with possible, probable, or definite CVST-VITT, 102 (77%) were women. Women were slightly younger [median age 42 (IQR 28–54) vs 45 (28–56)], presented more often with coma (26% vs 10%) and had a lower platelet count at presentation [median (IQR) 50x109/L (28–79) vs 68 (30–125)] than men. The nadir platelet count was lower in women [median (IQR) 34 (19–62) vs 53 (20–92)]. More women received endovascular treatment than men (15% vs 6%). Rates of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins were similar (63% vs 66%), as were new venous thromboembolic events (14% vs 14%) and major bleeding complications (30% vs 20%). Rates of good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2, 42% vs 45%) and in-hospital death (39% vs 41%) did not differ. Discussion and conclusions: Three quarters of CVST-VITT patients in this study were women. Women were more severely affected at presentation, but clinical course and outcome did not differ between women and men. VITT-specific treatments were overall similar, but more women received endovascular treatment.</p

Sex differences in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after adenoviral vaccination against COVID-19

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) is a severe disease with high mortality. There are few data on sex differences in CVST-VITT. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences in presentation, treatment, clinical course, complications, and outcome of CVST-VITT between women and men. Patients and methods: We used data from an ongoing international registry on CVST-VITT. VITT was diagnosed according to the Pavord criteria. We compared the characteristics of CVST-VITT in women and men. Results: Of 133 patients with possible, probable, or definite CVST-VITT, 102 (77%) were women. Women were slightly younger [median age 42 (IQR 28–54) vs 45 (28–56)], presented more often with coma (26% vs 10%) and had a lower platelet count at presentation [median (IQR) 50x109/L (28–79) vs 68 (30–125)] than men. The nadir platelet count was lower in women [median (IQR) 34 (19–62) vs 53 (20–92)]. More women received endovascular treatment than men (15% vs 6%). Rates of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins were similar (63% vs 66%), as were new venous thromboembolic events (14% vs 14%) and major bleeding complications (30% vs 20%). Rates of good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2, 42% vs 45%) and in-hospital death (39% vs 41%) did not differ. Discussion and conclusions: Three quarters of CVST-VITT patients in this study were women. Women were more severely affected at presentation, but clinical course and outcome did not differ between women and men. VITT-specific treatments were overall similar, but more women received endovascular treatment.</p

Assessment of Risk Factors and Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in staff members of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Shirvans Using REBA Method

Introduction: Working in difficult and uncomfortable conditions for a long time causes musculoskeletal disorders. Prevention of these disorders requires assessment and correction of working conditions using occupational analysis methods of ergonomic science. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the staff working posture in the hospital. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 1394 among 237 staffs of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Shirvan. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was assessed using the Nordic questionnaire as well as the assessment of staff posture status by REBA method. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Results: There were 237 participants in the study, 45 of which were male (19%) and 192 of them were female (81%). The mean age of subjects is 32.19 &plusmn; 7.8 years and the average work experience is 6.87 &plusmn; 6.7 years. The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was in the waist (68.4%) and knee (59.9%). According to REBA rating, about 3% of tasks require necessary reforms, 36% of tasks need to be reformed as soon as possible, and 61% of tasks require immediate reforms. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders had a significant relationship with sex, work experience and age. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the majority of work tasks need to be corrected. Several activities such as raising work level, personnel training, having work rest, exercising and appropriate training are essentia

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND TUBERIZATION YIELD IN THE GENOTYPE OF POTATO CULTIVAR AGRIA UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS

The aim of this study aimed to investigate the effect of salinity levels on physiological and biochemical properties and tuberization yield of potato, cultivar Agria, in MS culture medium. After preparation and cultivation of tuber, the lateral aerial buds were removed after a few months and cultured in MS medium. After that, healthy samples were prepared and induced at the above-mentioned salinity stress level and transferred to the culture medium. Two weeks later, an air sample was taken, and the physiological and biochemical properties studied in this study (photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble sugars, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes) were measured. Finally, salinity stress assessment was evaluated and studied in a fluid environment. The effects of stress on different stages of seedling growth in vitro conditions and the activity of photosynthetic and enzymatic pigments were investigated using spectrophotometric measurements and in accordance with their protocols. Data analysis of variance showed that salinity reduces photosynthetic pigments and salinity to a concentration of 50 mM, it is resistant to the addition of compounds such as soluble sugars, proline and antioxidant activity but at higher concentrations (75 and 100 mM), the plant is likely to be severely damaged due to excessive growth in active oxygen species. Therefore, due to the increase in antioxidant activity, it indicates an increase in the removal of active oxygen species, this feature is often used as an indicator to increase salinity tolerance. Research on the different ecological conditions in Iran, research is needed on other potato cultivars and molecular studies

Introduction of a Simple Chamber for the Production and Simulation of Airborne Pollutants for Laboratory Use

Background: Designing training aids for students to increase their practical capability and skills is done by using modern educational methods. The aim of this study was to design a simulator of airborne pollutants for measuring gases, vapors and particles in the lab for student training. Methods: The present study investigated different systems based on reviewing the literature of conducted research studies around the world. Then, designing the simulator system of the airborne pollutants was carried out after studying the capabilities of available systems, considering the viewpoints of experts and focusing on the aims of the study. Results: The designed chamber consisted of a main component which, in addition to some complexes such as the blowing system, the evacuation funnel, the warming chamber, and control box, made the production and simulation of the particle and gaseous pollutants feasible in different atmospheric conditions. Conclusions: The production and simulation of airborne pollutants in an experimental chamber under controlled conditions can facilitate the accomplishment of different assessments on pollutants. The designed device benefits both having a simple yet creative fabricated system and low manufacturing costs. Therefore, it can be used readily as a suitable device for extensive research on pollutants in the educational and research centers. &nbsp

The Evaluation of the Effect of Multiwall Carbon Nano Tube (MWCNT) on In Vitro Proliferation and Shoot Tip Necrosis of Pistachio Rootstock UCB-1 (Pistacia integrima × P. atlantica)

UCB-1 (Pistacia atlantica × P. integrima) is a commercial rootstock for pistachio in some pistachio plantations across the world. This rootstock is very new in Iran and recently, it has been used commercially in some plantations due to its high growth. Propagation of this rootstock by tissue culture results in many limitations such as shoot tip necrosis (STN) and a low proliferation rate. Therefore, any process that leads to improve the proliferation rate and feature will be used in commercial propagation of this rootstock. Nanotubes are widely used in in vitro cultures. For this reason, we used different concentrations of carbon nanotubes (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 µg/l) and benzyladenine (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg/l) to improve the proliferation rate and qualitative indices. The results showed that using carbon nanotubes concentration of 200 µg/l with 2mg/l of benzyladenine (BA) led to maximum proliferation (4 microshoots per explant), maximum shoot length (3.68 cm) and minimum STN (8%) and vitrification (this isn’t a word?) (0 %) percentage

استرس شغلی و تاثیر آن بر رفتارهای نا‎ایمن در کارکنان آتش‎نشانی

Background and Aim: Firefighting is one of the most dangerous jobs. Occupational stress is known as an effective factor in increasing the risk of mental and physical problems in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and the unsafe behavior of firefighting employees. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical type conducted in 2020 among the staff of one of the firefighters in Tehran. 62 people were selected as statistical samples using simple random sampling. In order to assess the prevalence of unsafe behavior and occupational stress, a researcher-made checklist and Health and Safety Executive (HSE) occupational stress questionnaire were used, respectively, and data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software and independent t-test and Pearson correlation tests. Results: The most unsafe behavior was related to not using the respiratory system in small fires. The lowest and highest levels of job stress related to the relationship between communication and demand were 8.83 and 22.58, respectively, and the total level of job stress was 107.29. No significant relationship was observed between unsafe behavior and job stress dimensions. Conclusion: The average score of occupational stress was high in all the examined people. Failure to use pants and fire wear and failure to use the experiences of colleagues during fire and accidents were a part of the unsafe behaviors of the fire department employees, so the management unit should adopt the necessary training and measures to correct these unsafe behaviors for the fire department employees. &nbsp; Please cite this article as: Hokmabadi R, Sadeghi H, Fasih Ramandi F, Karimi A. Occupational Stress and Its Effect on Unsafe Behaviors in Fire Department Employees. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(4):314-24. Doi: 10.22037/iipm.v10i4.36446سابقه و هدف: حرفه آتش‎نشانی یکی از پرمخاطره‎ترین مشاغل به حساب می­آید. استرس شغلی به عنوان عامل تاثیرگذار در افزایش خطر مشکلات روانی و جسمانی در محیط کار شناخته شده است. لذا هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی ارتباط استرس شغلی با رفتار نا‎ایمن کارکنان آتش‎نشانی می­باشد. روش کار: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی‌- تحلیلی بود که در سال 1398 در بین کارکنان یکی از مناطق آتش‎نشانی شهر تهران انجام گرفت. تعداد 62 نفر با استفاده از نمونه‎گیری تصادفی ساده به عنوان عناصر نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. جهت ارزیابی شیوع رفتار نا‎ایمن و وضعیت استرس شغلی به ترتیب از یک چک لیست محقق ساخته و پرسشنامه استرس شغلی سازمان اجرایی ایمنی و بهداشت انگلستان استفاده گردید و آنالیز داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 و توسط آزمون های t- test مستقل و همبستگی پیر‎سن‎ انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها: بیشترین رفتار نا‎ایمن مربوط به عدم استفاده از دستگاه تنفسی در حریق‎های کوچک بود. کمترین و بیشترین میزان استرس شغلی مربوط به بعد ارتباط و تقاضا به‎ترتیب برابر 8.83 و22.58 بود و میزان کل استرس شغلی برابر 107.29 بود. ارتباط معناداری بین رفتار نا‎ایمن و ابعاد استرس شغلی مشاهده نگردید. نتیجه‌گیری: میانگین نمره استرس شغلی در کلیه افراد مورد بررسی بالا بود. عدم استفاده از شلوار و آور‎کت حریق و عدم استفاده از تجربیات همکاران در زمان حریق و حادثه جزء رفتارهای نا‎ایمن کارکنان آتش­نشانی بودند، لذا مدیریت باید آموزش‎ها و تمهیدات لازم را برای اصلاح این رفتارهای نا‎ایمن برای کارکنان آتش‎نشانی اتخاذ نماید. به این مقاله، به صورت زیر استناد کنید: Hokmabadi R, Sadeghi H, Fasih Ramandi F, Karimi A. Occupational Stress and Its Effect on Unsafe Behaviors in Fire Department Employees. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(4):314-24. Doi: 10.22037/iipm.v10i4.36446 &nbsp