On the Anomaly of the Specific Heat at High Temperatures in α Phase Alloys of Iron and Chromium

The specific heats of 10 kinds of alloys consisting of iron and less than 55.57 per cent of chromium were measured at high temperatures in annealed, quenched and baked states by an inverse rate curve method. In the case of the alloys containing less than 24.31 per cent of chromium, the specific heat-temperature curves in the annealed state showed a maximum due to the magnetic transformation and an anomalous maximum at about 520° to 560° ; the temperatures of the former became lower and those of the latter higher with the increase of chromium content. In the alloys containing more than 28.58 per cent of chromium, both maxima combined in a maximum. The combined maximum was most conspicuous in the alloys containing 28.58 to 36.45 per cent of chromium, existing at about 570°, and when the chromium content was increased further, it became smaller and its temperature lower ; especially, the σ phase alloy containing 43.16 per cent of chromium showed a very small maximum. However, when the alloys were baked at 475° for 200 hours, these maxima became remarkably large and especially so in the σ phase alloy. When the alloys were quenched at 850°, the specific heat curves showed a minimum (heat evolution) at about 400 to 500° and a small maximum at higher temperature. From these results, it was concluded that the anomaly might be caused by the existence of the superstructure Fe_3Cr, which might also be the cause of the high temperature brittleness of the alloys

On the Anomaly of the Specific Heat at High Temperatures in α Phase Alloys of Copper and Zinc

The specific heat of 7 alloys in α-solid solution range of copper and zinc system has been measured in an annealed and a quenched state by an inverse rate curve method. The specific heat-temperature curves of the annealed alloys generally show an anomaly at about 200° to 260°; the anomaly is most conspicuous in alloy containing 30.35 percent of zinc. And, while the temperatures of the knicks on the curves of alloys containing less than 20.75 percent of zinc are almost the same, they become lower when the content of zinc is increased to more than 20.75 percent. This anomaly can be prevented by quenching from 500゜. Thus, it has been concluded that the anomaly may be caused by the existence of the superlattice Cu_3Zn in a short range order and not by the change of the solubility of α-solid solution

Dust from Comet 209P/LINEAR during its 2014 Return: Parent Body of a New Meteor Shower, the May Camelopardalids

We report a new observation of the Jupiter-family comet 209P/LINEAR during its 2014 return. The comet is recognized as a dust source of a new meteor shower, the May Camelopardalids. 209P/LINEAR was apparently inactive at a heliocentric distance rh = 1.6 au and showed weak activity at rh < 1.4 au. We found an active region of <0.001% of the entire nuclear surface during the comet's dormant phase. An edge-on image suggests that particles up to 1 cm in size (with an uncertainty of factor 3-5) were ejected following a differential power-law size distribution with index q=-3.25+-0.10. We derived a mass loss rate of 2-10 kg/s during the active phase and a total mass of ~5x10^7 kg during the 2014 return. The ejection terminal velocity of millimeter- to centimeter-sized particles was 1-4 m/s, which is comparable to the escape velocity from the nucleus (1.4 m/s). These results imply that such large meteoric particles marginally escaped from the highly dormant comet nucleus via the gas drag force only within a few months of the perihelion passage.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted on 2014 December 11 for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letter

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Interpolation of three views based on epipolar geometry

In this paper, we propose a method for generating arbitrary view image by interpolating images between three cameras using epipolar geometry. Projective geometry has recently been used in the field of computer vision, because projective geometry can be easily determined compararing with Euclidean geometry. In the proposed method, three input camera images are rectified so that the vertical and horizontal directions can be completely aligned to the epipolar planes between the cameras. This rectification provides Projective Voxel Space (PVS), in which the three axes are aligned with the direction of camera’s projection. Such alignment simplifies the procedure for projection and back projection between the 3D space and the image planes. First, we apply shape-from-silhouette with taking advantage of PVS. The consistency of color value between the images is evaluated for final determination of the object surface voxel. Therefore, consistent matching in three images is estimated and images can be interpolated from the matching information. Synthesized images are based on 3D shape in PVS, so the occlusion of the object is reproduced in the generated images, however it requires only weak calibration