A software modelling exercise using FCA

This paper describes an exercise in object-oriented modelling where Formal Concept Analysis is applied to a formal specification case study using Object-Z. In particular, the informal description from the case study is treated as a set of use-cases from which candidate classes and objects are derived. The resulting class structure is contrasted with the existing Object-Z design and the two approaches are discussed

Fighting parasites and predators: How to deal with multiple threats?

Background: Although inducible defences have been studied extensively, only little is known about how the presence of parasites might interfere with these anti-predator adaptations. Both parasites and predators are important factors shaping community structure and species composition of ecosystems. Here, we simultaneously exposed Daphnia magna to predator cues (released by the tadpole shrimp, Triops, or by a fish) and spores of the yeast parasite Metschnikowia sp. to determine how life history and morphological inducible defences against these two contrasting types of predators are affected by infection. Results: The parasite suppressed some Triops-induced defences: Daphnia lost the ability to produce a greater number of larger offspring, a life-history adaptation to Triops predation. In contrast, the parasite did not suppress inducible defences against fish: induction (resulting in smaller body length of the mothers as well as of their offspring) and infection acted additively on the measured traits. Thus, fish-induced defences may be less costly than inducible defences against small invertebrate predators like Triops; the latter defences could no longer be expressed when the host had already invested in fighting off the parasite. Conclusions: In summary, our study suggests that as specific inducible defences differ in their costs, some might be suppressed if a target prey is additionally infected. Therefore, adding parasite pressure to predator-prey systems can help to elucidate the costs of inducible defences

Die Masse macht’s?: Erschließungsmethoden und Erkenntnismöglichkeiten bei der Arbeit mit Massenbeständen: eine Einführung

Im Stadtmuseum Dresden wird eine umfangreiche Sammlung Dresdner Bürgerporträts des 19. Jahrhunderts verwahrt. Der Bestand von 2.700 Fotografien auf 2.100 Trägerkartons ist vom Gründungsdirektor des Museums, dem Historiker und Stadtarchivar Otto Richter (1852–1922), zwischen 1892 und 1912 angelegt und von seinen Nachfolgern bis zum Ende der 1930er Jahre fortgeführt worden. Die seither vor allem als Ressource für die Illustration von Publikationen genutzte Sammlung ist in den vergangenen Jahren aus unterschiedlicher Fachperspektive erstmals intensiv erforscht worden. Die Ergebnisse sind unter dem Titel „Die im Licht steh’n. Fotografische Porträts Dresdner Bürger des 19. Jahrhunderts“ in einer Sonderausstellung im Stadtmuseum Dresden (15.2.–12.5.2019) präsentiert und im gleichnamigen Begleitband vorgestellt worden. [Aus der Einleitung.

Die Masse macht‘s? Erschließungsmethoden und Erkenntnismöglichkeiten bei der Arbeit mit Massenbeständen: Vorträge der Tagung am 16. November 2018 im Stadtmuseum Dresden

Der Band enthält die Beiträge der Tagung „Die Masse macht's? Erschließungsmethoden und Erkenntnismöglichkeiten bei der Arbeit mit Massenbeständen“ im Stadtmuseum Dresden am 16. November 2018. Auf Einladung der Veranstalter (Stadtmuseum Dresden, Kustodie der Technischen Universität Dresden, Sächsische Landesstelle für Museumswesen an den Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen Dresden) stellen Fachleute unterschiedlicher Disziplinen Probleme und Lösungen bei der Erschließung, Erforschung und Publikation von kultur-, natur- und wissenschaftshistorischen Massensammlungen zur Diskussion. Dabei ist der Blick über die realen Sammlungen hinaus auf virtuelle Verbundsysteme und digitale Publikationen erweitert worden.The volume contains the contributions of the conference “Do the masses make it? Development methods and knowledge possibilities when working with mass collections” in City Museum Dresden on 16 November 2018. At the invitation of the organizers (City Museum Dresden, Academic Heritage of Technical University Dresden, Saxon State Office for Museum Affairs on the Dresden State Art Collections), experts from various disciplines provide problems and solutions on the development, research and publication of mass collections of cultural, natural and scientific history that will be up for discussion. The view has been extended beyond the real collections to virtual network systems and digital publications

A statement by Scientists for Future concerning the protests for more climate protection

In March 2019, German-speaking scientists and scholars calling themselves Scientists for Future, published a statement in support of the youth protesters in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (Fridays for Future, Klimastreik/Climate Strike), verifying the scientific evidence that the youth protestors refer to. In this article, they provide the full text of the statement, including the list of supporting facts (in both English and German) as well as an analysis of the results and impacts of the statement. Furthermore, they reflect on the challenges for scientists and scholars who feel a dual responsibility: on the one hand, to remain independent and politically neutral, and, on the other hand, to inform and warn societies of the dangers that lie ahead

Identification of a novel temperature sensitive promoter in cho cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) expression system is the leading production platform for manufacturing biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of numerous human diseases. Efforts to optimize the production process also include the genetic construct encoding the therapeutic gene. Here we report about the successful identification of an endogenous highly active gene promoter obtained from CHO cells which shows conditionally inducible gene expression at reduced temperature.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Based on CHO microarray expression data abundantly transcribed genes were selected as potential promoter candidates. The <it>S100a6 </it>(calcyclin) and its flanking regions were identified from a genomic CHO-K1 lambda-phage library. Computational analyses showed a predicted TSS, a TATA-box and several TFBSs within the 1.5 kb region upstream the ATG start signal. Various constructs were investigated for promoter activity at 37°C and 33°C in transient luciferase reporter gene assays. Most constructs showed expression levels even higher than the SV40 control and on average a more than two-fold increase at lower temperature. We identified the core promoter sequence (222 bp) comprising two SP1 sites and could show a further increase in activity by duplication of this minimal sequence.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This novel CHO promoter permits conditionally high-level gene expression. Upon a shift to 33°C, a two to three-fold increase of basal productivity (already higher than SV40 promoter) is achieved. This property is of particular advantage for a process with reduced expression during initial cell growth followed by the production phase at low temperature with a boost in expression. Additionally, production of toxic proteins becomes feasible, since cell metabolism and gene expression do not directly interfere. The CHO S100a6 promoter can be characterized as cold-shock responsive with the potential for improving process performance of mammalian expression systems.</p

Methoden- und Werkzeugunterstützung für evolutionäre, objektorientierte Software-Projekte

Die Software-Entwicklung verläuft in der Regel evolutionär, d.h. als eine Folge von Erweiterungs- und Anpassungszyklen, beruhend auf Erfahrung, Nutzung und Revision. Viele der bekannten Vorgehensmodelle, wie z.B. "Rational Unified Process" (RUP), berücksichtigen diesen evolutionären Aspekt der Software-Entwicklung ungenügend. Mit dem EOS-Modell, ein Vorgehensmodell für die evolutionäre, objektorientierte Software-Entwicklung (EOS), wird versucht, dieses Defizit zu überbrücken. In der ursprünglichen Fassung ist das EOS-Modell methodenunabhängig. Ein Ziel der Dissertation war es, konkrete Methoden für die EOS-Subprozesse Projektmanagement, Software-Entwicklung, Qualitätssicherung, Konfigurationsmanagement und Nutzung und Bewertung vorzuschlagen. Ausgehend von der Methoden-Definition wurde prototypisch ein Werkzeug implementiert, das eine systematische Unterstützung der definierten Methoden ermöglicht