An Integrated Approach to Transportation and Land-Use Planning for the Analysis of Former Railway Nodes in Sustainable Transport Development: The Case of the Vasco-Navarro Railway

The disappearance of kilometers of railways that once structured their surrounding territory has become an alarming issue in the last decades. These days, several disused railway infrastructures have been converted into non-motorized transport infrastructures. Meanwhile, most of the railway nodes have been abandoned or reused without consideration of the linear infrastructure. This paper argues that former railway nodes can have potential in their surrounding environment and as part of a non-motorized transport axis, i.e., to again be nodes of the former linear infrastructure. Accordingly, the objective of the paper is to analyze the potential of disused railway nodes, focusing on the possibilities they could offer in the area, and defining future approaches for more sustainable development. For that purpose, relations between former railway nodes and their surrounding environment are studied considering transport and land use in the non-motorized influence areas. Existing node/place models were adapted and a multiaxial model was created to measure the balance between transport and land use and typify the defined area. The proposed methodology was applied in a case study, classifying node areas in different development typologies that will be related to different future approaches.This research was supported by a research training grant from the Department of Education, Language policy and Culture of the Basque Government (Predoctoral Training Program for Non-Doctor Research Staff, PRE_2013_1_946)

Assessing Thermal Comfort Perception in the Context of Social Housing. Case Study in Northern Spain

The influence of people on building performance in terms of energy efficiency and environmental impact is becoming increasingly significant. It is essential to include users’ perspective, their comfort and satisfaction in decision making to ensure not only their well-being, but also the feasibility of interventions and the adequate performance of the building stock. Furthermore, understanding residents’ level of thermal satisfaction can enable more appropriate measures to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. Although there are several methods for studying thermal comfort, such as qualitative analyses based on surveys or perceived comfort indices such as PPD and PMV, thermal satisfaction is susceptible to the subjectivity of the responses. It may be necessary to contrast different indices or methods. This study aims to define an indicator that measures the level of thermal satisfaction of social housing occupants so that it can be contrasted with other methods of analysis of perceived comfort and can be replicated in different building contexts. A way to analyse users’ thermal satisfaction is proposed in a quantitative way, measured as the difference of the desired temperature and the perceived indoor temperature. The index is applied to a sample of 283 social housing dwellings in the Basque Country, Spain, with the data obtained via surveys that include questions on thermal comfort in winter and households’ characteristics. The thermal satisfaction has been analysed and the results have been contrasted with the perceived thermal comfort in winter and the household’s capacity to maintain the dwelling at the desired temperature. Moreover, it has been observed whether there may be energy vulnerabilities by contrasting the satisfaction result with the income and expenditure per person in the household. The obtained variable provides occupants’ opinion and perception to ensure the suitability of the solutions for improving the energy efficiency of the building and the thermal comfort. It is also possible to apply it to different building typologies and compare the results with other models of perceived thermal comfort

7th European Conference on Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Architecture and Planning

240 p.[ES] Esta obra recoge las comunicaciones seleccionadas para el 7º Congreso Europeo sobre Eficiencia Energética y Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, organizado por el grupo de investigación Calidad de Vida en Arquitectura, en colaboración con la Cátedra UNESCO de Paisajes Culturales y Patrimonio, de la Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. El congreso, que se celebra en el marco de los XXXV Cursos de Verano de la UPV/EHU, aborda en esta edición el tema “Cultura y Sostenibilidad”. Alrededor de este tema general se desarrollan cinco ponencias magistrales, a cargo de Bárbara Torggler (UNESCO), Albert Cuchì i Burgos (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya), Arthur Getz Escudero (City Region Food System Alliance), Camila Mileto (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Jordi Baltà Portolés (consultor independiente) y Chema Segovia (arquitecto y urbanista). Además, 27 comunicaciones seleccionadas por el comité científico presentan trabajos de investigaciones actuales en las sesiones orales y póster. El Congreso pretende aprovechar la sinergia producida por la intervención de ponentes y participantes con perfiles diversos para analizar y proponer respuestas a los problemas actuales, con profundidad y especificidad a partir de un marco general integrado. Es objetivo paralelo del congreso fortalecer las líneas de investigación en eficiencia energética y sostenibilidad de los grupos de investigación y formación de la UPV/ EHU comprometidos con esta propuesta, con objeto de colaborar en el reforzamiento de la I D i en su ámbito de conocimiento y apoyar la apuesta específica de los Gobiernos Central y Vasco, así como de otras instituciones nacionales e internacionales respecto a las actividades de I D i en las materias relacionadas con el cambio climático, la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad ambiental.[EN] This work contains the selected abstracts of the 7th European Conference on Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Architecture and Planning organized by the research group Quality of Life in Architecture and the UNESCO Chair on Cultural Landscape and Heritage of the University of the Basque Country. The Conference is part of the 35th Summer Courses of the UPV/EHU and raise, in its fourth edition, the topic “Culture and Sustainability”. Around this general theme there are five invited speakers: Bárbara Torggler (UNESCO), Albert Cuchì i Burgos (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya), Arthur Getz Escudero (City Region Food System Alliance), Camila Mileto (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Jordi Baltà Portolés (consultor) and Chema Segovia (architect and urban planner). 27 abstracts have been selected by the scientific committee and they present actual research works in the speakers presentations and posters. The conference wants to benefit of the synergies produced from the intervention of the speakers and from the diverse profiles of the participants to analyze and propose answers to the actual problems. The purpose of the conferences, at the same time, is to strengthen the investigation lines in energy efficiency and sustainability of the research and education groups of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) involved with this proposal, with the purpose of collaborating in the reinforcement of the I D i in its knowledge field, and support the specific raising of the Central and Basque Government, as well as other national and international institutions related to the I D i activities in the related fields of the climate change, energy efficiency and environmental sustainability

KxKali v0.1: A Work-in-Progress Tool for Streamlining Thermal Comfort Evaluation in Building Design and Occupancy

Thermal comfort evaluation is crucial in the design of buildings, as it impacts the well-being and productivity of building occupants. Many national regulations and international standards provide guidelines for assessing thermal comfort. In order to simplify this process, we have developed a program called KxKali, which is intended to evaluate thermal comfort based on temperature and relative humidity data input using the adaptative comfort model of EN 16798. The current version of the software, v0.1, is only able to accept data from computer simulation using the official Spanish simulation software HULC and performs graphing and counting automatically, without the need for the user to edit, modify or handle any data manually. By using HULC as the source of input data, the tool can take advantage of the software’s established reputation and acceptance among professionals in the building design industry in Spain, streamlining the comfort evaluation process by eliminating the need to generate input data manually, or using additional software. However, future versions are planned to accept data from other software and also monitored data. In addition, there are plans to implement the evaluation of thermal comfort following other regulations. The ultimate goal of this project is to convert KxKali into a user-friendly and widely accessible web-app that professionals can use in the design phase without performing any additional work apart from what they are already doing for energetic certification, which may improve building design by allowing architects and engineers to quickly evaluate different thermal comfort scenarios and optimize their design for comfort, and also facilitate the process of post-occupancy evaluations (POE). The goal of this presentation is to show the current capabilities of the KxKali tool, and to obtain feedback from other specialists on how to improve it and make it more widely useful. In the paper, the limitations of using simulation data from HULC and the ongoing developments of KxKali such as accepting monitoring data and converting it into a web-app will be discussed. Additionally, the paper will showcase mockups of the future web-app version of the tool, providing a glimpse into its intended user interface, and the expected reporting and output

An Integrated Approach to Transportation and Land-Use Planning for the Analysis of Former Railway Nodes in Sustainable Transport Development: The Case of the Vasco-Navarro Railway

The disappearance of kilometers of railways that once structured their surrounding territory has become an alarming issue in the last decades. These days, several disused railway infrastructures have been converted into non-motorized transport infrastructures. Meanwhile, most of the railway nodes have been abandoned or reused without consideration of the linear infrastructure. This paper argues that former railway nodes can have potential in their surrounding environment and as part of a non-motorized transport axis, i.e., to again be nodes of the former linear infrastructure. Accordingly, the objective of the paper is to analyze the potential of disused railway nodes, focusing on the possibilities they could offer in the area, and defining future approaches for more sustainable development. For that purpose, relations between former railway nodes and their surrounding environment are studied considering transport and land use in the non-motorized influence areas. Existing node/place models were adapted and a multiaxial model was created to measure the balance between transport and land use and typify the defined area. The proposed methodology was applied in a case study, classifying node areas in different development typologies that will be related to different future approaches.This research was supported by a research training grant from the Department of Education, Language policy and Culture of the Basque Government (Predoctoral Training Program for Non-Doctor Research Staff, PRE_2013_1_946)

Data on records of indoor temperature and relative humidity in a University building

Good indoor comfort and air quality are essential for correct educational development. Most reports in this field focus on primary and secondary school buildings, with numerous projects conducted in the Mediterranean Zone. However, little has been done in the context of university buildings. Data on indoor temperature and relative humidity data acquired trough field surveys of a seminar room located in the Architecture Faculty in San Sebastian (Spain) is provided in this paper. The seminar room was monitored during a typical spring week. The data presented in the article are related to the research article entitled Retrofit strategies towards Net Zero Energy Educational Buildings: a case study at the University of the Basque Country (Ref. 0378-7788)

Characterization of the Thermal Behavior of Semi-Exterior Laundry Spaces in an Overheating Passivhaus Residential Building in Bilbao, Spain

Overheating in buildings is a growing challenge in temperate climates, even in those where the traditional design focus was on protecting from cold and winter energy savings. This paper addresses a collateral problem that arose during the study of overheating in a residential Passivhaus building in Bilbao, northern Spain. Specifically, the local climate of three laundry spaces was investigated, where high daytime and nighttime temperatures were recorded. An extensive monitoring campaign was carried out with different durations up to more than 21,000 h over four years, and the collected data were compared with outdoor climatic conditions. The results allowed for characterizing the thermal behavior of these semi-outdoor spaces and show the magnitude of the problem, quantifying it. Laundry spaces were confirmed to be hotter and dryer than the outdoor climate almost always. The mean average difference between the monitored rooms and the exterior was quantified to be around positive 5 °C during both daytime and nighttime. Extreme heat events were documented, with maximum temperatures above 50 °C and temperature differentials of up to 15.85 °C. In addition, this article comments on the impact of overheating these laundry spaces on the interior of the dwellings, pointing out the differences between the assumptions made during the design phase of the project and the observed or measured reality. Questions were raised about the possible implications of the peculiar performance of these semi-outdoor spaces on the mechanical heat recovery ventilation system (MHRV). The data presented in this article revealed and quantified a design flaw that went unnoticed by all agents involved in the planning, design, and construction of the 361-apartment project. The inability to predict the behavior of the studied spaces has had a negative impact on building performance during the summer months and has prevented the implementation of strategies that could have been beneficial in other periods. A thorough analysis of the thermal behavior of similar spaces becomes essential to prevent performance gaps in future projects and to inform adequate building modeling in the design stagesThis research was funded by the Department of Territorial Planning and Housing of the Basque Government. The same funder covered both the acquisition of the equipment and the APC

Construcción 3. Construcción industrializada

Nivel educativo: Grado. Duración (en horas): Más de 50 horasEl campo formativo de la asignatura Construcción 3 corresponde a la construcción industrializada (proceso de industrialización y sistema de cimientos y estructuras) y es quizás el más dinámico dentro del ámbito de la edificación debido a su vinculación directa con la innovacion productiva, implícita en el término "industrialziación". Con el tiempo el panorama ha cambiado profundamente, la industrialización se extendió primeramente a todos los ámbitos de la actividad edificatoria, incluida la obra “in situ”. Después el propio concepto de industrialización ha evolucionado para convertirse en herramienta del cambio que se está produciendo hacia la construcción ecoeficiente, en la que las exigencias de evaluación, registro, verificación y certificación de los procesos la convierten en estratégica. En los próximos años la necesidad de dotar de inteligencia a todo el ámbito edificatorio para garantizar su ecoeficiencia exigirá que la industrialización evolucione profundamente para seguir cumpliendo su misión de seguir siendo el soporte material de la arquitectura. En pocos años el panorama ha cambiado profundamente, y mientras los cerrados sistemas de prefabricación pesada han derivado en general hacia la producción de elementos tipificados simples utilizados en ámbitos específicos, la construcción tradicional ha experimentado una profunda modificación en sus estructuras organizativas, productivas y tecnológicas, y el grado de innovación se multiplica geométricamente. Actualmente no existe total dicotomía entre metodologías edificatorias artesanas e industrializadas sino un ámbito de actuación complejo en el que coexisten e interaccionan metodologías con diferentes concepciones y grados de industrialización. Esta situación se ha reflejado en una modificación progresiva de la enseñanza sobre construcción industrializada, que en la actualidad pretende formar al alumno en la utilización responsable de nuevas tecnologías y por lo tanto en la adopción de metodologías que permitan alcanzar el máximo compromiso ambiental y la máxima eficiencia edificatoria, medidos ambos de un conjunto amplio de parámetros

5º Congreso Europeo sobre Eficiencia Energética y Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura y Urbanismo : Donostia-San Sebastián, 7-9 Julio 2014

XXXIII Cursos de Verano de la UPV/EHUEste libro recoge las comunicaciones seleccionadas para el 5º Congreso Europeo sobre Eficiencia Energética y Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, organizado por el grupo de investigación Calidad de Vida en Arquitectura de la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

7th European Conference on Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Architecture and Planning

240 p.[ES] Esta obra recoge las comunicaciones seleccionadas para el 7º Congreso Europeo sobre Eficiencia Energética y Sostenibilidad en Arquitectura, organizado por el grupo de investigación Calidad de Vida en Arquitectura, en colaboración con la Cátedra UNESCO de Paisajes Culturales y Patrimonio, de la Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. El congreso, que se celebra en el marco de los XXXV Cursos de Verano de la UPV/EHU, aborda en esta edición el tema “Cultura y Sostenibilidad”. Alrededor de este tema general se desarrollan cinco ponencias magistrales, a cargo de Bárbara Torggler (UNESCO), Albert Cuchì i Burgos (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya), Arthur Getz Escudero (City Region Food System Alliance), Camila Mileto (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Jordi Baltà Portolés (consultor independiente) y Chema Segovia (arquitecto y urbanista). Además, 27 comunicaciones seleccionadas por el comité científico presentan trabajos de investigaciones actuales en las sesiones orales y póster. El Congreso pretende aprovechar la sinergia producida por la intervención de ponentes y participantes con perfiles diversos para analizar y proponer respuestas a los problemas actuales, con profundidad y especificidad a partir de un marco general integrado. Es objetivo paralelo del congreso fortalecer las líneas de investigación en eficiencia energética y sostenibilidad de los grupos de investigación y formación de la UPV/ EHU comprometidos con esta propuesta, con objeto de colaborar en el reforzamiento de la I D i en su ámbito de conocimiento y apoyar la apuesta específica de los Gobiernos Central y Vasco, así como de otras instituciones nacionales e internacionales respecto a las actividades de I D i en las materias relacionadas con el cambio climático, la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad ambiental.[EN] This work contains the selected abstracts of the 7th European Conference on Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Architecture and Planning organized by the research group Quality of Life in Architecture and the UNESCO Chair on Cultural Landscape and Heritage of the University of the Basque Country. The Conference is part of the 35th Summer Courses of the UPV/EHU and raise, in its fourth edition, the topic “Culture and Sustainability”. Around this general theme there are five invited speakers: Bárbara Torggler (UNESCO), Albert Cuchì i Burgos (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya), Arthur Getz Escudero (City Region Food System Alliance), Camila Mileto (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Jordi Baltà Portolés (consultor) and Chema Segovia (architect and urban planner). 27 abstracts have been selected by the scientific committee and they present actual research works in the speakers presentations and posters. The conference wants to benefit of the synergies produced from the intervention of the speakers and from the diverse profiles of the participants to analyze and propose answers to the actual problems. The purpose of the conferences, at the same time, is to strengthen the investigation lines in energy efficiency and sustainability of the research and education groups of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) involved with this proposal, with the purpose of collaborating in the reinforcement of the I D i in its knowledge field, and support the specific raising of the Central and Basque Government, as well as other national and international institutions related to the I D i activities in the related fields of the climate change, energy efficiency and environmental sustainability