La biblioteca virtual: función y planteamiento

This raises the theoretical underpinnings of the work and indicates that the same happened with the Bibliographic Heritage Union Catalogue not only just a good approach, but it is essential to sustained effort over the years. The study examines the virtual library from the user viewpoint and the reader and shows how their interests are always aiming to achieve the primary document; therefore the objective of the librarian must always save time for the reader (to get the book you want). It shows how a virtual library can be accessed from the same OPAC to multiple sources of digital information and how as a general purpose search engines can access virtual libraries. He insists that the creation of metadata allows digital objects are available, accessible and visible data sets ever greater thanks to the collection of metadata used by aggregators. It makes reference to digital imaging as a first step to establish virtual libraries and how to move beyond using optical character recognition. Particular emphasis is placed on new mobile devices and how reading is necessary to address the problems of copyright from a technical standpoint as well as legal and the need to uniquely identify each digital object. It also refers to the new rules of resource description and access to them, absolutely essential to the digital environment and how it is necessary that the metadata can be transmitted using other metadata in turn containing all information about the digital object and the digital object itself. It stresses the need to preserve digital resources and to develop digital preservation policies unlike as was done with printed books and, finally, is the next goal of virtual libraries in elaborating ontologies for semantic Web using entities and relationships designed specifically for that purpose

Cantabria’s Heritage Ontology

Description of an ongoing project that aims to model the cultural heritage domain in an ontology, the Cantabria’s Heritage Ontology, lead by Fundación Marcelino Botín. The ontology will contain data from different and heterogeneous sources (bibliographic records, finding aids, catalogues, etc.). The project will develop a series of applications that get the most out of the ontology, beginning by a semantic portal. The portal will provide easy and intuitive access to a huge volume of information that comes from heterogeneous sources selected by domain experts. People interested in Cantabria will be able to find with as few clicks as possible, not only the information they are interested in, but also some contextual information that complements the one the user is watching, suggesting new navigation directions, and uncovering hidden relations. The ontology has been designed based on the international standards for cultural models, such as CRM, FRBR or Dublin Core, and W3C recommendations for the semantic web

SKOS from an epistemological point of view

[Resumen] Algunas publicaciones en las que se analizan los sistemas de organización del conocimiento parten de un enfoque epistemológico. Esta comunicación considera errónea la adscripción de ese tipo de análisis a la epistemología propiamente dicha. Se presenta una sucinta revisión de los pasos recorridos por la filosofía en su análisis de la formación del conocimiento, desde su origen en el racionalismo de Descartes, la teorización de los lógicos y matemáticos, hasta llegar a la Web, considerando esta evolución como propio de la cultura universal, no solo de la cultura occidental. De hecho, la Web intenta ser una analogía del modelo del cerebro humano, más rápido y más potente. La interconexión entre datos y contenidos y, sobre todo, entre distintos sistemas de organización del conocimiento puede hacer que su peso ideológico sea compensado por conexiones lógicas e inferencias entre distintos momentos de la historia, entre diferentes lenguas y entre diferentes tradiciones culturales. En la Web va a jugar un papel crucial la interrelación de sistemas de organización del conocimiento producidos desde múltiples culturas que por su misma interrelación perderán parte de su preponderancia ideológica. SKOS ofrece un esquema lógico, es el concepto el que se expresa en el marco de una lengua, de una cultura o de una construcción social histórica, pero el modo en el que el concepto se transmite y, sobre todo, se interrelaciona con otros es independiente de esa cultura.[Abstract] Some analysis of Knowledge Organization Systems often offers an epistemological approach. This paper considers that an assignment of this type is an erroneous conception of epistemology itself. We present a brief review of the steps done by Philosophy in its study of the formation of knowledge, from its origins in the rationalism of Descartes, the theorizing of mathematicians and logics, till the Web, considering these developments proper of the universal culture, not just Western culture. In fact, the Web is intended to be an analogy of the human brain model, faster and more powerful. The interconnection between data and content, and especially between different Knowledge Organization Systems can offer supra-ideological connections between different nodes in history, between different languages or between different cultural visions. SKOS provides a logical framework for this relationship; is the concept that is expressed in the context of a language, a culture or a historical social construction, but the way in which the concept has spread and, above all, interacts with others is independent of that culture

La biblioteca virtual: función y planteamiento

This raises the theoretical underpinnings of the work and indicates that the same happened with the Bibliographic Heritage Union Catalogue not only just a good approach, but it is essential to sustained effort over the years. The study examines the virtual library from the user viewpoint and the reader and shows how their interests are always aiming to achieve the primary document; therefore the objective of the librarian must always save time for the reader (to get the book you want). It shows how a virtual library can be accessed from the same OPAC to multiple sources of digital information and how as a general purpose search engines can access virtual libraries. He insists that the creation of metadata allows digital objects are available, accessible and visible data sets ever greater thanks to the collection of metadata used by aggregators. It makes reference to digital imaging as a first step to establish virtual libraries and how to move beyond using optical character recognition. Particular emphasis is placed on new mobile devices and how reading is necessary to address the problems of copyright from a technical standpoint as well as legal and the need to uniquely identify each digital object. It also refers to the new rules of resource description and access to them, absolutely essential to the digital environment and how it is necessary that the metadata can be transmitted using other metadata in turn containing all information about the digital object and the digital object itself. It stresses the need to preserve digital resources and to develop digital preservation policies unlike as was done with printed books and, finally, is the next goal of virtual libraries in elaborating ontologies for semantic Web using entities and relationships designed specifically for that purpose

Advances of Bibframe in 2014

The progress made by the Bibliographic framework initiative (Bibframe) in 2014 is described. Developments are related to the consolidation of Bibframe at the organizational level, as an element of cooperation between institutions, including those who have different views on linked open data such as OCLC and the Library of Congress. The implementers list has been greatly expanded, making it possible to evaluate Bibframe for various new applications. Finally, advances in the Bibframe data model and in tools available to test this model are summarized

Bibframe advances in 2016: Perspectives of the new bibliographic model

The progress of the Bibframe Initiative in 2016 and the first quarter of 2017 is discussed. The difficulty of transforming the MARC 21 format into a new format lies within the model itself, but also in building a new cataloging ecosystem, both for catalogers and for library software. In spite of this, some of the most important libraries in the world are determined to follow this path. An analogy is drawn with the theoretical model and the subsequent cataloging rules promoted by IFLA, paying attention to the transition from AACR2 and ISBD to RDA, and from the FRBR family to LRM. The advantages that derive from the adoption of a data model adapted to RDA and linked open data are emphasized. OCLC, participating in the Bibframe initiative, has also explored the application of linked open data based on Schema.org. It is reported that the new version of the Bibframe 2.0 vocabulary has already been approved. And, finally, in 2107, the publication of new specifications to transform MARC 21 records to Bibframe will serve as an extension of the knowledge of this new standard

Semantic enrichment of material in the field of Linked Open Data

The main objective of reconciliation and semantic enrichment strategies for subject matter is described: in line with the philosophy of the semantic web, offering the user different ways to search for similar subjects in other information systems located in different parts of the web. These reconciliation and enrichment techniques must form a hybrid procedure of manual, semiautomatic, and automatic operations involving different programs and applications that enable the processing of large datasets at an affordable final cost for cultural institutions. Its application must follow good practices, guidelines, and recommendations, including the W3C, Europeana, and the FAIR principles. Some of the key vocabulary from Spanish material available on Linked Open Data are analyzed for their multilingual capacities. The importance of having standardized reconciliation services available to select Linked Open Data sources for reconciliation and semantic enrichment is noted. It is concluded that the information systems of cultural institutions must offer functionalities that involve the use of enriched subject authority records for searching, navigating, visualizing, and exporting

Ten years of Europeana

On November 20, 2018, it was ten years since Europeana was born. This note summarizes the impact of Europeana and the Spanish contribution to Europeana. Europeana Data Model and related recommendations are valued as the first significant and lasting construction of a European standard for archives, libraries and museums. It is also pointed out Europeana’s weakest point: its search interface. All figures and web addresses in the note refer to the date November 20, 2018

El turismo cultural y la digitalización del patrimonio en un entorno Linked Open Data: el caso de Europeana

The paper reviews the projects developed by Euro-peana to show the role that digitization, linked open data and cultural heritage can play in strengthening the cultural tourism sector. A series of basic statis-tical data about tourism and cultural tourism is provided to frame it as an economic sector. The fundamental strategies of the European institutions on cultural tourism are reviewed, as well as the preponderant role they assign to Europeana. These strategies have been disrupted and accelerated in response to the economic debacle caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The main strategic plans of the Government of Spain for the development of the economy, research and innovation and for the digital transformation of Public Administrations are mentioned, having in mind the role that these plans assign to cultural tourism and memory institutionsEl texto repasa los proyectos desarrollados por Europeana para mostrar el papel que la digitalización y los datos abiertos vinculados de patrimonio cultural pueden jugar en el fortalecimiento del sector del turismo cultural. Se aportan una serie de datos estadísticos básicos acerca del turismo y del turismo cultural para enmarcarlo como sector económico, y se revisan las estrategias fundamentales de las instituciones europeas sobre turismo cultural, así como el papel preponderante que le asignan a Europeana. Estas estrategias se han trastocado y acelerado en respuesta a la debacle económica provocada por la pandemia de COVID-19. Se mencionan los principales planes estratégicos del Gobierno de España para el desarrollo de la economía, de la investigación e innovación y para la transformación digital de las Administraciones Públicas y el papel que en estos planes se asigna al turismo cultural y a las instituciones de memoria

Bibframe 2017, between internationalization and landing in Europe

This article summarizes the main aspects of the evolution of Bibframe in 2017, including the internationalization of the project (which was intensified by the statement of the Committee on Cataloging: Asian and African Materials (CC:AAM) in support of the internationalization of Bibframe, the extension of the model to Europe, and the first real experience carried out by the National Library of Sweden. In addition, projects that aim to test Bibframe in production are also reviewed