3 research outputs found
Kontribusi Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Dan Dukungan Suami Pada Riwayat Asi Eksklusif Bayi Umur 6 Sampai 12 Bulan
World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) provide recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding until the child aged 6 months and continued until the child aged 2 years. Exclusive breastfeeding has many benefits, however its practice remains low which can be caused by several factor, such as early initiation of breastfeeding and the husband support. This study aims to analyze the relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding and husband suppport with the exclusive breastfeeding history for infants aged 0 to 6 months old in the area of Brambang Public Health Center, Jombang district. The study design was cross sectional. The sample was mothers with infants aged 6 to 12 months as much as 77 respondents in area of Brambang Public Health Center, Jombang district. Subjects were taken using simple random sampling. Information in the study obtained through direct interviews with questionnaires to mothers. Chi-Square test was used to analyze the relationship between early initiation and the husband support with exclusive breastfeeding history. The result showed that there was a relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding (p=0,000) and husband support (p=0,000) with exclusive breastfeeding history. The result showed that early initiation of breastfeeding and husband support could increase the tendency of exclusive breastfeeding. It suggested to improve the early initiation of breastfeeding in maternity hospitals and improve husband support by involving husband during breastfeeding counseling
PERKEMBANGAN PESERTA DIDIK (TINJAUAN TEORI DAN PRAKTIS)
Pendidikan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan kita. Mulai dari anak-anak hingga usia dewasa wajib mengenyam pendidikan yang dicanangkan pemerintah yaitu wajib belajar 9 tahun. Pendidikan merupakan suatu bentuk interaksi individu dengan individu lainnya (antara manusia, yang di barengi dengan usaha sadar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhlak mulia serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara.
Dalam pendidikan menuntut terwujudnya manusia Indonesia yang berkualitas, cerdas, beriman, beriptek dan berakhlakul karimah sebagai tujuan dari pendidikan, maka perlu pengamatan dari segi aktualisasinya bahwa pendidikan merupakan proses interaksi antara pendidik dan peserta didik untuk mencapai tujuan dari sebuah proses pendidikan. Perkembangan peserta didik merupakan bagian dari pengkajian dan penerapan psikologi perkembangan yang secara khusus mempelajari aspek-aspek perkembangan individu yang berada pada tahap usia sekolah dan sekolah menengah. Sebagai individu yang tengah tumbuh dan berkembang, peserta didik memerlukan bimbingan dan pengarahan yang konsisten menuju ke arah titik optimal kemampuan fitrahnya
Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58\ub75%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31\ub72%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10\ub72%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12\ub73%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9\ub74%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14\ub70%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23\ub72%] of 1282) HDI (p<0\ub7001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17\ub78%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31\ub74%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39\ub78%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1\ub760, 95% credible interval 1\ub705\u20132\ub737; p=0\ub7030). 132 (21\ub76%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16\ub76%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19\ub78%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35\ub79%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p<0\ub7001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication. Funding: DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant, National Institute of Health Research Global Health Research Unit Grant