Cases and Materials on Water Law

This new edition begins by covering the long-established systems of private water rights (the appropriation doctrine and the riparian doctrine for surface waters and the various doctrines for groundwaters). Then it covers public rights, water quality regulation, and other environmental regulation primarily from the perspective of how these affect private water rights. The book also addresses interstate allocation and federal-state relations. There is one new principal case and many new notes. The notes in all the chapters have been updated.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/facultyteaching/1031/thumbnail.jp

Nurse Educators\u27 Perceptions of Ecoliteracy in Undergraduate Nursing Education

Introduction: Increased human health concerns related to the natural environment and climate change are having a growing impact on nursing practice. This past year in Canada, for example, British Columbia reported the highest number of heat related deaths, followed by devasting forest fires in many provinces that have disproportionately impacted Indigenous Peoples. Nurses are well positioned to address the direct health impacts associated with climate change. As a result, nurses require an increased level of ecoliteracy to address the health impacts linked to climate change. The role of the nurse in addressing the health impacts of climate change are vast, ranging from direct patient care, education and advocacy, their role includes supporting individuals, communities, and populations to mitigate, adapt and build resiliency in the face of a changing climate. Background: Regulatory and professional associations support the professional emphasis on the significance of ecoliteracy yet there is insufficient understanding of the resistance to the content in nursing curricula. Although current literature supports an increased emphasis on the integration of ecosystem health concerns and the impact on human health within undergraduate nursing education, there is a paucity of empirical evidence regarding nursing educators’ perspectives on the subject. This study is a first step in gaining a greater understanding of the perspectives of nurse educators on ecoliteracy within undergraduate nursing education programs in one Canadian province. Methods: This qualitative research study included 13 nurse educators from three diverse academic settings. Data were collected using semi-structured, open-ended interview questions, followed by content analysis of the data. Results: Data analysis revealed five key themes: 1) Importance of ecoliteracy in undergraduate nursing programs; 2) Current integration of ecoliteracy concepts in curricula; 3) Future considerations for ecoliteracy content; 4) Barriers to the inclusion of content supportive of ecoliteracy in curricula; 5) Strategies to address barriers. While educators feel that ecoliteracy is important in undergraduate nursing, they noted that the current integration of climate content in the curriculum is uneven. Barriers and potential strategies to integrating this content are identified. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used for curriculum revision and to stimulate innovation and research in nursing education. This study creates the opportunity for a larger scale replication study, pilot studies of the integration of concepts that would support ecoliteracy, and further research on the topic. This study identified that many complexities are involved in achieving ecoliteracy in nursing education and suggest that while threading of content can address the urgent need, further research is required to identify entry to practice requirements for undergraduate nursing programs. Résumé Introduction : Les préoccupations grandissantes associées aux liens entre la santé humaine, l’environnement naturel et les changements climatiques touchent de plus en plus la pratique infirmière. Au cours de la dernière année au Canada, la Colombie-Britannique a signalé le plus grand nombre de décès liés à la chaleur, suivie par des incendies de forêt dévastateurs dans de nombreuses provinces qui ont affecté de manière disproportionnée les peuples autochtones. Les infirmières sont bien placées pour faire face aux impacts directs des changements climatiques sur la santé, et doivent donc avoir un niveau plus élevé d’écolittératie afin de composer avec les impacts des changements climatiques sur la santé. Le rôle de l’infirmière dans la lutte contre les impacts du changement climatique sur la santé est vaste, allant des soins directs aux patients, à la formation et à la défense des droits, et comprenant le soutien aux individus, aux communautés et aux populations pour atténuer, favoriser l’adaptation et renforcer la résilience par rapport au changement climatique. Contexte : Les associations réglementaires et professionnelles appuient l’accent mis par les professionnels sur l’importance de l’écolittératie, mais la compréhension de la résistance au contenu des programmes d’études en sciences infirmières est insuffisante. Bien que la littérature actuelle appuie l’importance accrue accordée à l’intégration des préoccupations liées à la santé des écosystèmes et à l’impact sur la santé humaine dans la formation en sciences infirmières au premier cycle, il existe peu de résultats empiriques concernant les perceptions des infirmières enseignantes sur le sujet. Cette étude représente une première étape pour mieux comprendre leurs perspectives sur l’écolittératie dans le cadre des programmes de formation en sciences infirmières au premier cycle dans une province canadienne. Méthode : Cette recherche qualitative incluait 13 infirmières enseignantes de 3 milieux universitaires différents. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide de questions ouvertes lors d’entrevues semi-structurées, suivies d’une analyse de contenu. Résultats : L’analyse des données a dévoilé cinq thèmes clés : 1) L’importance de l’écolittératie dans les programmes en sciences infirmières de premier cycle; 2) Le niveau actuel d’intégration des notions d’écolittératie au sein des programmes d’études; 3) Les considérations pour l’ajout de contenu en matière d’écolittératie à l’avenir; 4) Les obstacles à l’inclusion de contenus favorables à l’écolittératie dans les programmes d’études; et, 5) Les stratégies pour franchir ces obstacles. Bien que les enseignantes estiment que l’écolittératie est importante en sciences infirmières au premier cycle, elles ont noté que l’intégration actuelle de contenu lié au climat dans les programmes d’études est inégale. Les obstacles et les stratégies potentielles à l’intégration de ce contenu sont identifiés. Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude peuvent servir pour la révision des programmes et pour stimuler l’innovation et la recherche en formation en sciences infirmières. Cette étude crée l’occasion de refaire l’étude à plus grande échelle, de proposer des études pilotes sur l’intégration de concepts qui soutiendraient l’écolittératie et d’autres recherches sur le sujet. Cette étude a mis en évidence de nombreuses complexités qu’implique l’atteinte de l’écolittératie dans la formation en sciences infirmières et suggère que même si la mise en place du contenu peut répondre au besoin urgent, des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer les exigences d’entrée à la pratique au terme des programmes de sciences infirmières de premier cycle

Carbamazepine and the active epoxide metabolite are effectively cleared by hemodialysis followed by continuous venovenous hemodialysis in an acute overdose

Hemodialysis (HD) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) have an unproven role in the management of carbamazepine overdose. Albumin‐enhanced CVVHD may accelerate carbamazepine (CBZ) clearance, but no pharmacokinetic data has been reported for traditional CVVHD without albumin enhancement. In addition, it is unclear whether the active CBZ‐epoxide metabolite is removed with either mode of dialysis. We present a case of CBZ intoxication successfully managed with sequential HD and CVVHD. The CBZ half‐life during CVVHD was 14.7 hours, compared with the patient's endogenous half‐life of 30.8 hours. The CBZ‐epoxide half‐life was 3.2 hours during HD. We conclude that HD and CVVHD provide effective clearance of CBZ and the epoxide metabolite and should be considered in the management of an acute toxic ingestion.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86953/1/j.1542-4758.2011.00563.x.pd

Technologies for recovery and reuse of plant nutrients from human excreta and domestic wastewater: a protocol for a systematic map and living evidence platform

Background: Research and development on the recovery and reuse of nutrients found in human excreta and domestic wastewater has intensified over the past years, continuously producing new knowledge and technologies. However, research impact and knowledge transfer are limited. In particular, uptake and upscaling of new and innovative solutions in practice remain a key challenge. Achieving a more circular use of nutrients thus goes beyond technological innovation and will benefit from a synthesis of existing research being readily available to various stakeholders in the field. The aim of the systematic map and online evidence platform described in this protocol is threefold. First, to collate and summarise scientific research on technologies that facilitate the recovery and reuse of plant nutrients and organic matter found in human excreta and domestic and municipal wastewater. Second, to present this evidence in a way that can be easily navigated by stakeholders. Third, to report on new relevant research evidence to stakeholders as it becomes available.Methods: Firstly, we will produce a baseline systematic map, which will consist of an extension of two previous related syntheses. In a next stage, with help of machine learning and other automation technologies, the baseline systematic map will be transformed into 'living mode' that allows for a continually updated evidence platform. The baseline systematic map searches will be performed in 4 bibliographic sources and Google Scholar. All searches will be performed in English. Coding and meta-data extraction will include bibliographic information, locations as well as the recovery and reuse pathways. The living mode will mostly rely on automation technologies in EPPI-Reviewer and the Microsoft Academic database. The new records will be automatically identified and ranked in terms of eligibility. Records above a certain 'cut-off' threshold will be manually screened for eligibility. The threshold will be devised based on the empirically informed machine learning model. The evidence from the baseline systematic map and living mode will be embedded in an online evidence platform that in an interactive manner allows stakeholders to visualise and explore the systematic map findings, including knowledge gaps and clusters

Drug Use Behaviors: 2020 Treatment Providers Survey, Dataset, and Interview Final Reports

The purpose of this needs assessment is to deepen DOP’s (NE DHHS Drug Overdose Prevention (DOP) program) understanding of individuals’ drug use behaviors in Nebraska through the lens of treatment providers. The results of this study will aid DOP in providing training and other resources to treatment centers, focusing prevention efforts, and informing their strategic plan and future studies. Ultimately, this study will support DOP’s efforts to reduce opioid-involved fatal and non-fatal overdoses in Nebraska

Oblique-incidence reflectometry: one relative profile measurement of diffuse reflectance yields two optical parameters

A new, simple and quick approach, oblique-incidence reflectometry, was used to measure the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of a semi-infinite turbid medium. An obliquely incident light beam causes the center of the far diffuse reflectance to shift from the point of incidence, where the far diffuse reflectance refers to the diffuse reflectance that is several transport mean free paths away from the incident point. The amount of shift yields the diffusion constant by a simple formula, and the slope of the diffuse reflectance yields the attenuation coefficient. Only the relative profile of the diffuse reflectance is needed to deduce both optical parameters, which makes this method attractive in clinical settings because it does not require a stringent calibration for absolute quantity measurements. This method was tested theoretically by Monte Carlo simulations and experimentally by a reflectometer. Because this method can be used to measure optical properties of biological tissues quickly and requires only inexpensive equipment, it has potential clinical application to the diagnosis of disease or monitoring of treatments

Oblique-incidence reflectometry: one relative profile measurement of diffuse reflectance yields two optical parameters

A new, simple and quick approach, oblique-incidence reflectometry, was used to measure the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of a semi-infinite turbid medium. An obliquely incident light beam causes the center of the far diffuse reflectance to shift from the point of incidence, where the far diffuse reflectance refers to the diffuse reflectance that is several transport mean free paths away from the incident point. The amount of shift yields the diffusion constant by a simple formula, and the slope of the diffuse reflectance yields the attenuation coefficient. Only the relative profile of the diffuse reflectance is needed to deduce both optical parameters, which makes this method attractive in clinical settings because it does not require a stringent calibration for absolute quantity measurements. This method was tested theoretically by Monte Carlo simulations and experimentally by a reflectometer. Because this method can be used to measure optical properties of biological tissues quickly and requires only inexpensive equipment, it has potential clinical application to the diagnosis of disease or monitoring of treatments