Additional file 5: Table S4. of Analysis of near infrared spectra for age-grading of wild populations of Anopheles gambiae

Full listing of ITS1–3 Blood-fed status, metadata, and spectral data. Each ITS is listed on a new tab of the .xlsx file. Abbreviations: BF, blood-fed; PBF, partially blood-fed; NBF, non-blood-fed; Loc, location and trapping method; Sporo: sporozoite (nulliparous with value of 1, positive with 2; for ITS3 nulliparous mosquitoes have a value of 1, parous value of 2). (XLSX 5810 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Analysis of near infrared spectra for age-grading of wild populations of Anopheles gambiae

Example figure of selection of optimal number of variables for ensemble PLS. The lowest root mean squared error of cross-validation for the fewest number of variables was used for prediction of test sets. In this example, 300 variables was chosen, as it has lower error in cross-validation compared to other variable amounts (including the full spectra - 1851 variables). (TIFF 681 kb

Additional file 6: Table S5. of Analysis of near infrared spectra for age-grading of wild populations of Anopheles gambiae

Blood-fed status on regression accuracy for ITS1. Root mean squared error of prediction for ITS1 with three algorithms. (XLSX 8 kb

Le Courrier

03 octobre 18331833/10/03 (N276)

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Analysis of near infrared spectra for age-grading of wild populations of Anopheles gambiae

Dataset numbers. Calibration Model sample size and collection locations of single (DS1-DS4), and multi-source (DS5-DS6) origin. Soumousso and Kodeni are located in southwestern Burkina Faso. (XLSX 10 kb

Additional file 9: Figure S3. of Analysis of near infrared spectra for age-grading of wild populations of Anopheles gambiae

Correlation plot of ages of sporozoite-positive mosquitoes. The predicted ages of expected old, sporozoite-positive mosquitoes for each of the four algorithms are shown. Partial least squares compared to enpls, svmLinear, VCPA (a), enpls compared to svmLinear and VCPA (b), and svmLinear compared to VCPA (c) are shown. All models correlated at P < 0.0001 via Pearson’s r. (TIFF 434 kb

Biochemical and larvicidal properties of the most potent PTFs.

a<p>numbers and groups refer to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0047125#pone.0047125.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p>b<p>IC₅₀ values were determined from regression analysis of log-concentrations versus percentage inhibitions. R_IC50 =  IC₅₀ WT/IC₅₀ G119S. Compounds were sorted by their R_IC50 ratio.</p>c<p>Mortality was measured from bioassays on Slab (OP-sensitive) and SR (OP-insensitive) strains exposed for 24 hours to 300 µM PTF. R_m300 =  SR mortality/Slab mortality.</p>d<p>PTFs biochemically characterized are in bold.</p>e<p>Hit compound from the primary screen.</p>f<p>Compounds with R_IC50 and R_m300 above 1.5.</p

Bioassaydata_Heredity

Raw data for the bioassays analyzed in the publication. Excel sheet for each treatment

Modeling the impact of PTF treatment on frequency of the <i>ace-1^R</i> allele and on larvae survival.

<p>Evolution of an OP-resistant, infinite and panmictic population treated with PTFs was computed as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0047125#s4" target="_blank">Material and Methods</a>. The <i>ace-1^R</i> initial frequency was 0.9 and PTF compounds were applied at LD₅₀ for <i>ace-1^R</i> homozygotes (i.e. <i>m</i>  = 0.5). <i>r</i> represents the mortality ratio of <i>ace-1^R</i> vs. <i>ace-1^S</i> homozygotes. Panel <b>A</b> represents the evolution of <i>ace-1^R</i> frequency when this allele is recessive (<i>d</i>  = 0) and panel <b>B,</b> when it is dominant (<i>d</i>  = 1). Curves represent the evolution of <i>ace-1^R</i> frequency across generations for various PTF mortality <i>r</i> ratios between 1.2 and 100. Insets represent the proportion of individuals killed at each generation.</p

Relative AChE1 activity in OP-resistant SR larvae killed by PTF treatment.

<p><i>C. pipiens</i> larvae from the OP-resistant SR strain were exposed to 300 µM PTF until death and then AChE1 residual activity was measured. Chlorpyrifos (Chlpy) and propoxur (Prpx) were used as positive and negative control inhibitors, respectively. Means and standard errors for three independent experiments are shown.</p