PASSPORT IMMIGRATION CONTROL FOR DIGITAL CITIZENS TRAVELLING BETWEEN METAVERSES

In a metaverse, the online digital manifestation of a user is commonly referred to as a digital citizen. Such a digital citizen is most often represented by an avatar and its associated metadata. Currently, a digital citizen is isolated to their own metaverse and a new avatar and/or metadata must be created when the digital citizen wishes to enter a new metaverse. Techniques are presented herein that support a checkpoint for digital citizens that are traveling from one metaverse to another and that serve as a verification system on a centralized or distributed server. The presented passport immigration control framework allows digital citizens to travel to other metaverses outside their metaverse of origin, while protecting the rights of users as digital citizens. Such controls establish and strengthen mechanisms to monitor the impact of future liabilities, legislative enactments, and user accountability. The presented framework also provides guidelines for the best standards that entities may take while assessing identity and tracking for a digital citizen. Use of the presented techniques can safeguard protections for digital citizens in a metaverse and encourage an entity’s customers to invest in business and benefit by adopting the presented framework

Colloids in light fields: particle dynamics in random and periodic energy landscapes

The dynamics of colloidal particles in potential energy landscapes have mainly been investigated theoretically. In contrast, here we discuss the experimental realization of potential energy landscapes with the help of light fields and the observation of the particle dynamics by video microscopy. The experimentally observed dynamics in periodic and random potentials are compared to simulation and theoretical results in terms of, e.g. the mean-squared displacement, the time-dependent diffusion coefficient or the non-Gaussian parameter. The dynamics are initially diffusive followed by intermediate subdiffusive behaviour which again becomes diffusive at long times. How pronounced and extended the different regimes are, depends on the specific conditions, in particular the shape of the potential as well as its roughness or amplitude but also the particle concentration. Here we focus on dilute systems, but the dynamics of interacting systems in external potentials, and thus the interplay between particle-particle and particle-potential interactions, is also mentioned briefly. Furthermore, the observed dynamics of dilute systems resemble the dynamics of concentrated systems close to their glass transition, with which it is compared. The effect of certain potential energy landscapes on the dynamics of individual particles appears similar to the effect of interparticle interactions in the absence of an external potential

Academic Pharmacy: Where is Our Influence?

Objective. To evaluate the talents of fellows from cohorts 1-10 of the Academic Leadership Fellows Program (ALFP)

Resolving the Mystery of X-ray Faint Elliptical Galaxies: Chandra X-ray Observations of NGC 4697

Chandra observations of the X-ray faint elliptical galaxy NGC 4697 resolve much of the X-ray emission (61% within one effective radius) into ~80 point sources, of which most are low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). These LMXBs provide the bulk of the hard emission and much of the soft emission as well. Of the remaining unresolved emission, it is likely that about half is from fainter LMXBs, while the other half (~23% of the total emission) is from interstellar gas. Three of the resolved sources are supersoft sources. In the outer regions of NGC 4697, eight of the LMXBs (about 25%) are coincident with candidate globular clusters, which indicates that globulars have a high probability of containing X-ray binaries compared to the normal stellar population. The X-ray luminosities (0.3-10 keV) of the resolved LMXBs range from ~5e37 to ~2.5e39 ergs/s. The luminosity function of the LMXBs has a "knee" at 3.2e38 ergs/s, which is roughly the Eddington luminosity of a 1.4 M_sun neutron star (NS); this knee might be useful as a distance indicator. The highest luminosity source has the Eddington luminosity of a ~20 M_sun black hole (BH). The presence of this large population of NS and massive BH stellar remnants in this elliptical galaxy shows that it (or its progenitors) once contained a large population of massive main sequence stars.Comment: Astrophysical Journal Letters, in press. 4 pages in emulateapj5 style with 4 embedded Postscript figures. Higher quality version of paper and figures 1 and 2 are available at http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~cls7i/papers/NGC4697-Chandra.ps.gz, http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~cls7i/papers/NGC4697-Chandra_fig1.ps.gz, and http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~cls7i/papers/NGC4697-Chandra_fig2.ps.g