Hubungan Kadar Yodium Urin Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Dengan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Musuk I Kabupaten Boyolali

Pendahuluan : Gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY) merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang ada di Indonesia. Ibu hamil mempunyai resiko GAKY yang lebih serius karena GAKY bukan hanya berdampak pada sang ibu tapi juga pada janin yang dikandungnya. Berat badan lahir bayi merupakan hasil interaksi dari banyak faktor , baik itu faktor eksternal maupun faktor internal melalui suatu proses yang terjadi selama bayi berada dalam kandungan. Status gizi ibu merupakan salah satu faktor internal yang apabila disaat kondisi hamil mengalami kekurangan maka bisa mempengaruhi berat badan lahir bayi. Status gizi ibu hamil selain dipengaruhi oleh zat gizi makro juga dipengaruhi oleh zat gizi mikro seperti zat besi dan yodium.Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kadar yodium urin dan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Musuk I Kabupaten Boyolali. MetodePenelitian : Jenis penelitian adalah observasional melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 38 ibu hamil yang dipilih secara simple random sampling. Kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan metode Cyanmethemoglobin dengan alat Easytouch. Kadar yodium urin diukur menggunakan metode acid digestion dengan larutan ammonium persulfate di laboratorium BPGAKY Magelang. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji rank spearman. Hasil : Rata-rata kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil adalah 11,10 gr%, rata-rata kadar yodium urin ibu adalah 182,57μg/l ± 1.64 dan rata-rata berat badan lahir bayi adalah 2916 gr. Analisis statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan berat badan lahir bayi (p=0,027), dan tidak ada hubungan antara kadar yodium urin dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Musuk I Kabupaten Boyolali (p=0,345). Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan berat badan lahir bayi, dan tidak ada hubungan antara kadar yodium urin dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Musuk I Kabupaten Boyolal

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement