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Finding Yourself
It is during the high school period that the stage in one\u27s education is or should be reached, when he realizes that the universe is full of good. No kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but thru his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is given him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he until he has tried
Alien Registration- Hamlin, Clara M. (Bingham, Somerset County)
https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/8819/thumbnail.jp
Probing the strength of infants' preference for helpers over hinderers:Â two replication attempts of Hamlin and Wynn (2011)
Several studies indicate that infants prefer individuals who act prosocially over those
who act antisocially toward unrelated third parties. In the present study, we focused on a
paradigm published by Kiley Hamlin and Karen Wynn in 2011. In this study, infants were
habituated to a live puppet show in which a protagonist tried to open a box to retrieve a toy
placed inside. The protagonist was either helped by a second puppet (the “Helper”), or hindered by a third puppet (the “Hinderer”). At test, infants were presented with the Helper and the Hinderer, and encouraged to reach for one of them. In the original study, 75% of 9-month-olds selected the Helper, arguably demonstrating a preference for prosocial over antisocial individuals. We conducted two studies with the aim of replicating this result. Each
attempt was performed by a different group of experimenters. Study 1 followed the methods
of the published study as faithfully as possible. Study 2 introduced slight modifications to the
stimuli and the procedure following the guidelines generously provided by Kiley Hamlin and
her collaborators. Yet, in our replication attempts, 9-month-olds’ preference for helpers over hinderers did not differ significantly from chance (62.5% and 50%, respectively, in Studies 1 and 2). Two types of factors could explain why our results differed from those of Hamlin and Wynn: minor methodological dissimilarities (in procedure, materials, or the population
tested), or the effect size being smaller than originally assumed. We conclude that fine
methodological details that are crucial to infants’
success in this task need to be identified to
ensure the replicability of the original result
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