The San Antonio Wash: Addressing the Gap Between Claremont and Upland

Access to water from San Antonio Creek was critical in Claremont’s growth from a small stop on the Santa Fe Railroad to an agricultural powerhouse and an elite college town. While Claremont has sought to distinguish itself from surrounding communities since its founding in 1882, the innovative Pomona Valley Protective Association (PVPA) aligned Claremont with the City of Pomona and its other neighbors in a scheme to conserve the Creek’s resources at the turn of the century. Organized around the discovery of local confined aquifers and the development of a strategy to recharge them with water from the San Antonio Creek, the Association was a contradictory moment of cooperation in an otherwise highly contentious zero-sum game of water rights politics. As conflicts wore on, the PVPA quietly orchestrated the purchase of large tracts of land in the San Antonio Creekbed, where the construction of diversion dams and spreading grounds served dual purposes of water conservation and flood control. As dam building in the Creekbed continued, large tracts of the previously undevelopable Wash were transferred to the aggregate mining institutions that gouged the area’s many gravel pits. This thesis uses the story of the PVPA and the contemporary example of the Claremont University Consortium Gravel Pit to explore the context of development in the San Antonio Creek Wash. Understanding the political and social contexts of the gravel quarry problem reveals possibilities for a more integrative, conscious, and sustainable approach to improving the former gravel quarries that currently occupy the Wash landscape

Mutual Water Companies and Local Conservation: The Pomona Valley Protective Association

This essay investigates the circumstances surrounding the creation of the Pomona Valley Protective Association (PVPA)—a collaborative effort of local mutual water companies whose benefits to its stakeholders were rare in two ways. First, the Association was built upon allegedly local breakthroughs in scientific understandings of hydrogeology that allowed the PVPA to make conceptual connections between confined aquifers and water from San Antonio Creek that supported the group’s legal claims over groundwater across the Pomona Valley. Second, the story of the PVPA reveals important connections between water rights and development in Southern California’s foothills—discoveries that are relevant to contemporary debates in environmental history, landscape architecture, and sustainable planning theory

USAGE OF STEEL SLAG AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND IN ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

Steel slag is a by-product in the production of steel. An increase of its production results in more landfills. It is mostly used as a building material in the construction of roads, where it substitutes natural materials. The use of steel slag in road construction has multiple benefits; both by solving the challenges of waste disposal and preserving environmental resources by moderating the consumption of non-renewable and natural aggregates. Apart from being used as a building material, steel slag is also used in numerous environmental applications, such as soil and water remediation and CO2 sequestration. However, a multidisciplinary environmental impact study of steel slag, particularly regarding both the aquatic and terrestrial organisms, is lacking. Steel slag contains traces of potentially harmful elements that endanger these living organisms, including heavy metals released into the environment. A high pH value can also significantly influence their leaching properties, thereby affecting the organisms in the water and soil. Given the widespread utility of steel slag, it is recommended to make a thorough risk assessment associated with the various environmental applications of this material

Staudinger Ligation and Reactions – From Bioorthogonal Labeling to Next‐Generation Biopharmaceuticals

In this review, we highlight groundbreaking discoveries and applications of Staudinger reactions in the molecular life sciences, starting from the engineering of the Staudinger ligation as a bioorthogonal reaction until most recent applications in modern bioconjugation methods to generate next-generation biopharmaceuticals. Bioorthogonal reactions refer to a set of chemoselective transformations in biological environments able to take place in presence of naturally occurring functional groups. The Staudinger ligation set a new paradigm of such transformations, resulting in the development of various labeling and bioconjugation strategies for the modification of (bio-)molecules of interest.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Leibniz-Gemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001664Einstein Stiftung Berlin http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006188Peer Reviewe

Coastal Resource Management in a Clam Shell

Three factors appear particularly influential in the onset of intensified coastal resource management on the central Northwest Coast of North America: (1) exponential population increases, (2) terrestrial circumscription, and (3) critical pressures on resources (overexploitation). Apparently one of the resources most sensitive to overuse is shellfish. This overuse, in conjunction with the other two factors, may have initiated an increasing emphasis on overall resource management. The critical point for all three factors in the Northwest may have been reached by 4,000 BP. This hypothesis has been tested at the well preserved site complex at the mouth of the Hoko River. Current results reflect continual pressure on California mussel populations, with a noteworthy period of extreme pressure. Similar patters can be shown in the development of other Pacific maritime cultures, often contributing to the onset of more intensified coastal resource management and/or an expansion into food production

Improvement in Implementation of Fiscal Policy of Russia

In this article, the authors consider the concepts of the budget consisting in public economic relations, and two main functions of the budget, such as distributive and control. The problem concerning the lack of legislative control of budget performance has been described through the analysis of the articles and appendices of the budgetary code of the Russian Federation. As a result, it has been revealed that the budgetary policy of the Russian Federation demands improvement and an individual approach to each element and direction of its formation at the present stage. The main aspects concerning the actions for the development of effective budgetary policy, increase of stability of the budget are presented in the work by means of the budgetary rules. These rules are directly related to a proper choice of the directions of fund expenditures and increase in the income of the budget due to improvement of tax administration regarding tax revenues

Cryogenic Piezoelectric Actuator

In this paper, PMN-PT single crystal piezoelectric stack actuators and flextensional actuators were designed, prototyped and characterized for space optics applications. Single crystal stack actuators with footprint of 10 mm x10 mm and the height of 50 mm were assembled using 10 mm x10mm x0.15mm PMN-PT plates. These actuators showed stroke > 65 - 85 microns at 150 V at room temperature, and > 30 microns stroke at 77 K. Flextensional actuators with dimension of 10mm x 5 mm x 7.6 mm showed stroke of >50 microns at room temperature at driving voltage of 150 V. A flextensional stack actuator with dimension of 10 mm x 5 mm x 47 mm showed stroke of approx. 285 microns at 150 V at room temperature and > 100 microns at 77K under driving of 150 V should be expected. The large cryogenic stroke and high precision of these actuators are promising for cryogenic optics applications

Beyond the Sandbox: Student Scholarship, Digital Citizenship, and the Production of Knowledge By Char Miller, Allegra Swift, Anna Kramer, and Benjamin Hackenberger

Scholarly communication is undergoing an ever accelerating evolution in how research and scholarship are being conducted, how scholarship is being disseminated, and who is included in the creation and communication of new knowledge. At the forefront of this evolution are libraries and academics who recognize that students are not only creating new knowledge that is valuable beyond the walls of the classroom but that there is a dire need to support and educate students and institutions about the impact of information sharing on a global scale. Students share and receive information on the internet with very little context and support for their roles as knowledge producers and global digital citizens. This chapter discusses how acting on these opportunities benefit the student well after graduation by inspiring citizens who are information-literate advocates for education, intellectual engagement, and science. The undergraduate who is trusted and supported as a public scholar can become a more empathetic and productive digital citizen. The authors; a scholarly communications librarian, a liberal arts professor, and an undergraduate alumna discuss and relate experiences of how addressing this educational opportunity through 1) classroom assignments, 2) instruction, and 3) publishing has created space for a deepened engagement with the affordances and challenges of being a public scholar and global citizen

Hierarchical hybrid cognitive cards methodology in the decision support system development for scientific and medical centers

In this article, the authors of the ongoing study appeal to the problem of IT products development and implementation for improving the effectiveness of health institutions and organizations, namely decision support systems and expert systems. The article provides a brief description of existing approaches and justifies a methodology based on the concept of hierarchical hybrid cognitive maps, developed by the authors at the moment