The Deposition Rate of Arsenic by the Hydrogen Reduction of Arsenic (III) Chloride

The hydrogen reduction of arsenic (III) chloride has been examined under different conditions. The reduction was carried out in gas phase, and the manometric measurement showed that the reaction in gas phase did not proceed below 450℃. Arsenic was deposited on a substrate heated in the flow of the mixed gas composed of arsenic (III) chloride and a large excess of hydrogen, and its deposition rate was measured. The activation energy of arsenic deposition was found to be 22.3kcal/mol (298～370℃), when the rate-determining step was the chemical reaction proceeding on the surface of previously deposited arsenic

Rates of Dissolution of Rotating Cobalt Cylinders in Liquid Copper and Cu-Co Alloys

Cobalt cylinders having the top and bottom faces capped with molybdenum were rotated at the speeds of 260, 600, and 860 rpm in liquid copper and Cu-Co alloys maintained at 1200, 1270, and 1340℃ under argon at 1 atm. pressure. The dependence of the dissolution rate of the cylinders on the concentration of cobalt in the bulk liquid was observed. The solution-rate constants defined by a modified form of the Berthoud equation varied from 6.6×10^ to 2.7×10^ cm・sec^. The activation energies for the dissolution processes at the rotational speeds of 260 and 600 rpm were 12.7 and 13.7 kcal. mol^, respectively. The rate constant was found to vary with the 0.76 to the 0.94 power of the Reynolds number in the range 5.7×10^4<Re<2.1×10^4. The dependence of the dissolution rate on the activity of cobalt in the bulk liquid was observed and was discussed on the basis of the thermodynamic expression for diffusion. The results of this investigation suggest that the dissolution process is diffusion controlled. Oxygen increases markedly the dissolution rate

Acute inflammation at a mandibular solitary horizontal incompletely impacted molar

Acute inflammation is frequently seen in the elderly around incompletely impacted molars located apart from molars or premolars. To identify the factors causing acute inflammation in the solitary molars without second molars or without second and first molars, ages of patients and rates of acute inflammation in 75 horizontal incompletely impacted mandibular molars in contact or not in contact with molars in subjects 41 years old or older were studied using orthopantomographs. Acute inflammation was seen in nine third molars out of 48 third molars in contact with second molars (18.8%), whereas acute inflammation was seen in 11 molars out of 19 solitary molars without second molars or without first and second molars (57.9%) (p < 0.01). The mean age of 48 subjects with third molars in contact with the second molar was 50.42 ± 7.62 years, and the mean age of 19 subjects with isolated molars was 65.16 ± 10.41 years (p < 0.0001). These indicate that a solitary horizontal incompletely impacted molar leads more frequently to acute inflammation along with aging due to possible bone resorption resulting from teeth loss

QOL after RT or OP for uterine cervix cancer

This study aimed to research the post-treatment quality of life (QOL) between radiotherapy (RT)- and operation (OP)-treated early cervical cancer survivors, using separate questionnaires for physicians and patients. We administered an observational questionnaire to patients aged 20–70 years old with Stages IB1–IIB cervical cancer who had undergone RT or OP and without recurrence as outpatients for ≥6 months after treatment. We divided 100 registered patients equally into two treatment groups (n = 50 each). The average age was 53 and 44 years in the RT and OP groups, respectively. The RT group included 34 and 66% Stage I and II patients, respectively, whereas the OP group included 66 and 34% Stage I and II patients, respectively. The OP group included 58% of patients with postoperative RT. Combination chemotherapy was performed in 84 and 48% of patients in the RT and OP groups, respectively. On the physicians’ questionnaire, we observed significant differences in bone marrow suppression (RT) and leg edema (OP). On the patients’ questionnaire, significantly more patients had dysuria and leg edema in the OP group than in the RT group, and severe (Score 4–5) leg edema was significantly higher in the post-operative RT group than in the OP only group. The frequency of sexual intercourse decreased after treatment in both groups. On the patients’ questionnaire, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding sexual activity. These findings are useful to patients and physicians for shared decision-making in treatment choices. The guidance of everyday life and health information including sexual life after treatment is important

キュウセイ シンキンエン ガ ウタガワレ, ハツネツ ニヨリ ケンザイカ シタ ムショウコウセイ Brugadaショウコウグン ノ イチレイ

Brugada症候群は,重症不整脈を発症する症候群であるが,特異な心電図所見が明らかでなく診断に苦慮することがある.今回,発熱時心電図上ST上昇を認め,心筋炎を疑われ精査でBrugada症候群と診断した1例と,本邦で報告された発熱時顕在化した本症候群16例を検討した.症例は42歳男性,感冒症状とともに心電図所見でI.aV_R, aV_L, V_(1-4)のST上昇を認め急性心筋炎を疑われ入院した.心臓超音波検査でごく軽度心機能低下,心筋生検では異常なく,冠動脈造影では有意な狭窄はなかった.pilsicainide負荷でcoved型ST上昇を示し,電気生理学検査で容易に心室細動が誘発され,植込み型除細動器の植込み術が施行された.発熱時顕在化例で,高齢者群では高率に失神を発症した.Brugada症候群は発熱時顕在化することがあり,軽快により正常化するが,発熱と同時に失神や心室性不整脈が見られることがあり,十分な配慮が必要である.Brugada syndrome is a disease associated with severe arrhythmia but without specific ECG characteristics, which makes diagnosis difficult. We report the case of a patient with Brugada syndrome who had a ST segment elevation accompanied by fever, and we investigate 16 additional Japanese patients with Brugada syndrome that was recognized by fever. The patient was a 42-year-old man who showed ST segment elevation associated with cold symptoms and was admitted after diagnosis of myocarditis. Echocardiography exhibited slight cardiac dysfunction, but a myocardial biopsy showed no abnormalities and no significant stenosis was found in coronary angiography. After administration of pilsicainide, the patient showed covedtype ST segment elevation, and ventricular fibrillation was induced during an electrophysiological study ; therefore, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was installed. Among the patients with Brugada syndrome recognized by fever, many elderly patients showed syncope. In conclusion, Brugada syndrome frequently appears in fever and attention should be paid to elderly patients because they frequently develop fever and syncope simultaneously

Pore Structures and Electric Double Layer Properties of Activated Carbon Derived from Demineralized Spent Coffee Grounds

To improve the specific surface area (SSA) of steam activated carbon that has been prepared from spent coffee grounds (SCG), a demineralization of the SCG was conducted. As the ash content of the SCG decreased, fine micropores developed during the activation, leading to a significant increase in the SSA. An electric double layer capacitor was assembled and then evaluated, with the evaluation results indicating that the capacitance per electrode weight, the capacitance retention in relation to the current density, and the internal resistance were superior for activated carbon with a higher SSA. However, the capacitance per electrode volume had a maximum value under certain conditions, which were considered well balanced in terms of the SSA and electrode density

Modelling the Antarctic marine cryosphere at the Last Glacial Maximum

We estimate the sea-ice extent and basal melt of Antarctic ice shelves at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using a coupled ice-shelf–sea-ice–ocean model. The shape of Antarctic ice shelves, ocean conditions and atmospheric surface conditions at the LGM are different from those in the present day; these are derived from an ice-shelf–ice-sheet model, a sea-ice–ocean model and a climate model for glacial simulations, respectively. The winter sea ice in the LGM is shown to extend up to ～7° of latitude further equatorward than in the present day. For the LGM summer, the model shows extensive sea-ice cover in the Atlantic sector and little sea ice in the other sectors. These modelled sea-ice features are consistent with those reconstructed from sea-floor sedimentary records. Total basal melt of Antarctic ice shelves in the LGM was ～2147 Gt a–1, which is much larger than the present-day value. More warm waters originating from Circumpolar Deep Water could be easily transported into ice-shelf cavities during the LGM because the full glacial grounding line extended to shelf break regions and ice shelves overhung continental slopes. This increased transport of warm water masses underneath an ice shelf and into their basal cavities led to the high basal melt of ice shelves in the LGM