Clinical performance of an alkasite-based bioactive restorative in class II cavities: a randomized clinical trial

Objective: This clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of an alkasite-based bioactive material by comparing it with a resin composite (RC) in the restoration of Class II cavities over a year. Methodology: A hundred Class II cavities were restored at 31 participants. Groups were as follows: Cention N (CN) (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and G-ænial Posterior (GP) (GC, Tokyo, Japan) in combination with G-Premio Bond (etch&rinse). Restorative systems were applied following manufacturers’ instructions. They were finished and polished immediately after placement and scored based on retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, sensitivity, surface texture, and color match using modified USPHS criteria after 1 week (baseline), 6 months, and 12 months. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square, McNemar’s, and Kaplan Meier tests. Results: After 12 months, the recall rate was 87%. Survival rates of CN and GP restorations were 92.5% and 97.7%, respectively. Three CN and one GP restorations lost retention. Seven CN (17.9%) and five (11.6%) GP restorations were scored as bravo for marginal adaptation and no significant difference was seen between groups (p=0.363). One (2.7%) CN and two GP (4.7%) restorations were scored as bravo for marginal discoloration, but no significant difference was observed between groups(p=1.00). For surface texture, three (8.1%) CN and three (7%) GP restorations were scored as bravo (p=1.00). None of the restorations demonstrated post-operative sensitivity or secondary caries at any examinations. Conclusion: The tested restorative materials performed similar successful clinical performances after 12 months. ClinicalTrials.gov (NTC04825379)

One-year evaluation of a new restorative glass ionomer cement for the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions in patients with systemic diseases: a randomized, clinical trial

Objective: This randomized and clinical trial aimed to evaluate the performance of a new restorative Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) for the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of patients with systemic diseases compared with a posterior resin composite after 12 months. Methodology: 134 restorations were placed at 30 patients presenting systemic diseases by a single clinician. NCCLs were allocated to two groups according to restorative system used: a conventional restorative GIC [Fuji Bulk (GC, Tokyo Japan) (FB)] and a posterior resin composite [G-ænial Posterior (GC, Tokyo Japan) (GP)] used with a universal adhesive using etch&rinse mode. All restorative procedures were conducted according to manufacturer’s instructions. Restorations were scored regarding retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, surface texture, and post-operative sensitivity using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria after 1 week (baseline), 6, and 12 months. Descriptive statistics were performed using chi-square tests. Cochran Q and Mc Nemar’s tests were used to detect differences over time. Results: After 12 months, recall rate was 93% and the rates of cumulative retention failure for FB and GP were 4.9% and 1.6% respectively. Both groups presented similar alpha rates for marginal adaptation (FB 86.2%, GP 95.5%) and marginal discoloration (FB 93.8%, GP 97%) at 6-month recall, but FB restorations showed higher bravo scores than GP restorations for marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration after 12 months (p<0.05). Regarding surface texture, 2 FB restorations (3.1%) were scored as bravo after 6 months. All restorations were scored as alpha for secondary caries and postoperative sensitivity after 12 months. Conclusion: Although the posterior resin composite demonstrated clinically higher alpha scores than the conventional GIC for marginal adaptation and discoloration, both materials successfully restored NCCLs at patients with systematic disease after a year. Clinical relevance: Due to its acceptable clinical results, the tested conventional restorative GIC can be used for the restoration of NCCLs of patients with systemic diseases

Effects of in-office bleaching agent combined with different desensitizing agents on enamel

Objective: To analyze color change, microhardness and chemical composition of enamel bleached with in-office bleaching agent with different desensitizing application protocols. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventeen polished anterior human enamel surfaces were obtained and randomly divided into nine groups (n=13). After recording initial color, microhardness and chemical composition, the bleaching treatments were performed as G1: Signal Professional White Now POWDER&LIQUID FAST 38% Hydrogen peroxide(S); G2: S+Flor Opal/0.5% fluoride ion(F); G3: S+GC Tooth Mousse/Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPPACP) paste(TM); G4: S+UltraEZ/3% potassium nitrate&0.11% fluoride(U); G5: S+Signal Professional SENSITIVE PHASE 1/30% Nano-Hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) suspension(SP); G6: S-F mixture; G7: S-TM mixture; G8: S-U mixture; G9: S-SP mixture. Color, microhardness and chemical composition measurements were repeated after 1 and 14 days. The percentage of microhardness loss (PML) was calculated 1 and 14 days after bleaching. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, Welch ANOVA, Tukey and Dunnett T3 tests (p<0.05). Results: Color change was observed in all groups. The highest ΔE was observed at G7 after 1 day, and ΔE at G8 was the highest after 14 days (p<0.05). A decrease in microhardness was observed in all groups except G6 and G7 after 1 day. The microhardness of all groups increased after 14 days in comparison with 1 day after bleaching (p>0.05). PML was observed in all groups except G6 and G7 after bleaching and none of the groups showed PML after 14 days. No significant changes were observed after bleaching at Ca and P levels and Ca/P ratios at 1 or 14 days after bleaching (p>0.05). F mass increased only in G2 and G6, 1 day after bleaching (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of desensitizing agents containing fluoride, CPP-ACP, potassium nitrate or n-HAP after in-office bleaching or mixed in bleaching agent did not inhibit the bleaching effect. However, they all recovered microhardness of enamel 14 days after in-office bleaching

Разработка устройства детектирование движения и фильтрации изображения на ПЛИС

В процессе выполнения работы был проведён анализ методов фильтрации изображения, выделения границ и детектирования движения. Был разработана структурная схема системы фильтрации видео на ПЛИС и данная схема была реализована при помощи языка описания аппаратуры Verilog HDL для отладочной платы PYNQ-Z2. Было проведено сравнение производительности обработки видео фильтром Собеля на ПЛИС и на встроенном процессоре Cortex A-9. Разработка для ПЛИС велась в САПР Xilinx Vivado 2018.2 и ModelSim 10.3d.In the process of work analysis of image processing, edge and movement detection methods were carried out. Block diagram of FPGA video processing system was created and it was developed using Verilog HDL for PYNQ-Z2 development kit. Performance comparison of video processing using Sobel filter on FPGA and on Cortex A-9 processor was made. Xilinx Vivado 2018.2 CAD system and ModelSim 10.3d were used for FPGA development

Экономическая безопасность функционирования предприятия в условиях сетевой экономики

В наше время возникновение сетевых особенностей в экономике связывают с развитием информационных технологий, что приводит к эволюции современных экономических систем, развитию нерыночных механизмов регулирования и сетевых организационных структур. Другими словами, сетевые экономические отношения играют особую роль в процессе координации экономических взаимодействий. Данные изменения обостряют проблему экономической безопасности предприятия в условиях развития межорганизационных взаимодействий формального и неформального характера с позиции сетевой экономики

Cadastral valuation as instrument for strategic planning

The article analyzes issues modern state improving of cadastral valuation methods. In this case, the role of the land and property complex in strategic and territorial planning is analyzed. The necessity of forecasting changes in the lands cadastral value for achieving strategic goals and the choice of town-planning solutions is shown

Clinical Evaluation of a Self-Adhering Flowable Resin Composite in Minimally Invasive Class I Cavities: 5-year Results of a Double Blind Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

Svrha istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procijeniti dugoročne kliničke rezultate samoadhezivnog tekućeg kompozita u usporedbi s konvencionalnim tekućim kompozitom u kombinaciji s jetkajuće-ispirućim adhezivom u minimalno invazivnim kavitetima I. razreda. Materijali i metode: Na zubima dvadeset i pet pacijenata izrađena su barem po dva ispuna I. razreda (n = 65). Nakon što su preparirani kaviteti I. razreda, nasumično su restaurirani ili samoadhezivnim tekućim kompozitom (Vertise-Flow/Kerr-VR) [skupina 1 (n = 33)], ili konvencionalnim tekućim kompozitom (Luxaflow/DMG-LX) u kombinaciji s jetkajuće-ispirućim adhezivnim sustavom (Teco/DMG) [skupina 2 (n = 32)] prema uputama proizvođača. Dva istraživača procijenila su početne vrijednosti restauracija prema kriterijima FDI-a i nakon toga u petogodišnjem razdoblju jedanput na godinu. Statistička analiza provedena je Pearsonovim Chi-kvadrat testom i Cochranovim Q-testom, a zatim McNemarovim testom (p = 0,05). Rezultati: Nakon pet godina ukupno je izrađeno 47 restauracija sa stopom odaziva na kontrolne preglede od 68 %. U razdoblju od četiri godine, na trima (11,5 %) restauracijama u skupini VR i dvjema u skupini LX (7,6 %) dogodio se kumulativni gubitak retencije. Sedamnaest restauracija (73,9 %) VR i 14 LX (58,3 %) ocijenjeno je klinički dobrima (2) za parametar rubne prilagodbe. Pri procjeni nakon pet godina u skupinama VR i LX zabilježeni su slični rezultati za sve procijenjene parametre (p > 0,05). Kumulativne stope gubitka retencije u skupinama VR i LX iznosile su 15,3 %, odnosno 7,6 %. Ni kod jedne restauracije nije zabilježen rekurentni karijes ili postoperativna osjetljivost. Za oba materijala zabilježena je značajna promjena nakon četiri i pet godina, kad je riječ o rubnom obojenju, u odnosu prema početnoj vrijednosti (p < 0,001). Nadalje, opažene su značajne promjene za parametar rubne prilagodbe u skupinama VR i LX nakon jedne, dvije, tri, četiri i pet godina u usporedbi s početnom vrijednosti (p < 0,001). Zaključak: Oba materijala za restauraciju kaviteta I. razreda pokazala su klinički prihvatljive rezultate nakon pet godina. Samoadhezivni tekući kompozit imao je slične kliničke performanse kao i konvencionalni tekući kompozit u kombinaciji s jetkajuće-ispirućim adhezivnim sustavom.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical performance of a self-adhering flowable resin composite compared to a conventional flowable resin composite used with an etch&rinse adhesive system in minimally invasive Class I cavities. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients received at least one pair of Class I restorations (n=65). After Class I cavities had been prepared, they were randomly restored either with a self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow/Kerr-VR) [Group-1 (n=33)], or with a flowable resin composite (Luxaflow/DMG-LX) in combination with an etch&rinse adhesive (Teco/DMG) [Group-2 (n=32)] according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and yearly during 5 years according to the FDI criteria by two evaluators. A statistical analysis was carried out using the Pearson Chi-Square test and the Cochran Q-test followed by the Mc Nemar’s test (p=0.05). Results: After 5 years a total of 47 restorations were evaluated with a recall rate of 68%. At 4-year, 3 (11.5%) VR and 2 LX (7.6%) restorations exhibited a cumulative retention loss. Seventeen (73.9%) VR and 14 LX (58.3%) restorations exhibited clinically acceptable (2) scores for marginal adaptation. At 5-year evaluations VR and LX showed similar results regarding all evaluated criteria (p > 0.05). The cumulative retention loss rates of VR and LX were 15.3% and 7.6%, respectively. None of the restorations demonstrated a recurrence of caries and post operative sensitivity. Both materials showed significant changes at 4 and 5 years regarding marginal staining when compared to baseline (p<0.001). Furthermore, significant changes were observed for VR and LX at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years for marginal adaptation according to baseline (p<0.001). Conclusion: The use of both materials for the restoration of Class-I cavities demonstrated clinically acceptable performance at the end of 5-year. The self-adhering flowable composite exhibited a clinical performance similar to the conventional flowable applied with an etch&rinse adhesive

Fluoride Release from Glass Ionomer with Nano Filled Coat and Varnish

Svrha rada: Ovo istraživanje in vitro uspoređuje otpuštanje fluora iz mikrolaminiranog staklenog ionomera temeljenog na stakleno-hibridnoj tehnologiji premazanog dvama različitim premazima. Materijali i postupci: Ukupno 18 uzoraka podijeljeno je u skupine po šest uzoraka: (1) stakleni ionomer Equia Forte Fil premazan Equia Forte Coatom (Equia + EC), (2) stakleni ionomer Equia Forte Fil premazan GC Fuji Varnishem (Equia + VC) i (3) nepremazani stakleni ionomer Equia Forte (EQUIA kont). Otpuštanje fluora mjereno je fluor-selektivnom elektrodom (ORION EA 940) nakon 24 sata, 4 dana, 30 dana i 64 dana. ANOVA, Tukeyjev test multiplih usporedbi i paired t-test korišteni su u testiranju razlika među skupinama. Rezultati: Statistički značajne bile su razlike među skupinama i četirima točkama u vremenu (ANOVA, p < 0,0001). Kumulativno otpuštanje iona fluora nakon 64 dana bilo je redom 66,01 mg/l, 123,54 mg/l i 203,22 mg/l za EQUIA + EC, EQUIA + VC i EQUIA kont. Sve su razlike bile statistički značajno različite, osim one između EQUIA + VC i EQUIA kont. nakon 24 sata. Zaključci: Količina otpuštenog fluora bila je značajno manja u uzorcima premazanima nanopunjenim premazom u usporedbi s onima premazanima varnishem i bez premaza.Objective: This in vitro study compares the fluoride release from microlaminated glass ionomer based on glass hybrid technology coated with two different surface coating agents. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 samples were divided into three groups of six samples each: (1) glass ionomer Equia Forte Fil coated with Equia Forte Coat (Equia+EC), (2) glass ionomer Equia Forte Fil coated with GC Fuji Varnish (Equia+VC) and (3) uncoated glass ionomer Equia Forte (EQUIA cont). Fluoride release was measured using an ion-selective electrode (ORION EA 940) after 24 hours, 4 days, 30 days and 64 days. Repeated measures ANOVA, multiple comparisons, Tukey’s test and paired t-test were used to test the differences between the groups. Results: The differences between the groups and four time points were statistically significant (ANOVA, p<0.0001). Cumulative fluoride ion release after 64 days was 66.01 mg/l, 123.54mg/l and 203.22 mg/l for EQUIA+EC, EQUIA+VC and EQUIA cont, respectively. All the differences were statistically significant except the difference between EQUIA+VC and EQUIA cont after 24 hours. Conclusions: The amount of released fluoride was significantly lower in the samples coated with nanofilled surface coating agent compared to the samples coated with varnish and uncoated samples

Compressive Strength of New Glass Ionomer Cement Technology based Restorative Materials after Thermocycling and Cyclic Loading

Svrha rada: Željela se usporediti, nakon cikličkog opterećenja i termocikliranja, kompresijska (tlačna) čvrstoća dvaju materijala temeljenih na staklenim ionomerima sa svjetlosno polimerizirajućim nanopunjenim premazom ili bez njega. Materijali i metode: Kako bi se odredila kompresijska čvrstoća novih restaurativnih materijala tijekom duljeg razdoblja, analizirani su nakon simulacije mastikatornog opterećenja cikličkim opterećenjem i termalnih oscilacija u usnoj šupljini termocikliranjem. Četiri skupine uzoraka (n = 7) – (1) Equia Fil (GC, Tokio, Japan) bez premaza, (2) Equia Fil premazan Equia Coatom (GC, Tokio, Japan), (3) Equia Forte Fil (GC, Tokio, Japan) bez premaza i (4) Equia Forte Fil premazan Equia Forte coatom (GC, Tokio, Japan) – podvrgnuti su cikličkom opterećenju (240 000 ciklusa) u žvačnom simulatoru (MOD, Esetron Smart Robotechnologies, Ankara, Turska). Rezultati: Mjerenja kompresijske čvrstoće provedena su prema standardima ISO 9917-1:2007. na univerzalnom uređaju za mjerenja mehaničkih svojstava (Instron, Lloyd, UK). Analiza Scanning elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM) obavljena je nakon termocikliranja. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između materijala Equia Fil i Equia Forte Fil, neovisno o premazu (p < 0,05), ali je zabilježen trend povećanja kompresijske čvrstoće na premazanim uzorcima. Zaključak: Premaz povećava kompresijsku čvrstoću Equia Fila i Equia Forte Fila, ali ne značajno.Objective: The objective of the study was to compare compressive strengths of two glass ionomerbased materials, with and without a light-cured, nano-filled coating, after cyclic loading and thermocycling. Materials and methods: To determine compressive strength of new restorative materials over a longer period of time, materials were analysed under simulated conditions where cyclic loading replicated masticatory loading and thermocycling simulated thermal oscillations in the oral cavity. Four groups of samples (n=7)—(1) Equia Fil (GC, Tokyo, Japan) uncoated; (2) Equia Fil coated with Equia Coat (GC, Tokyo, Japan); (3) Equia Forte Fil (GC, Tokyo, Japan) uncoated; and (4) Equia Forte Fil coated with Equia Forte coat (GC, Tokyo, Japan)—were subjected to cyclic loading (240,000 cycles) using a chewing simulator (MOD, Esetron Smart Robotechnologies, Ankara, Turkey). Results: Compressive strength measurements were performed according to ISO 9917-1:2007, using the universal mechanical testing machine (Instron, Lloyd, UK). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was performed after thermocycling. There were no statistically significant differences between Equia Fil and Equia Forte Fil irrespective of the coating (p<0.05), but a trend of increasing compressive strength in the coated samples was observed. Conclusions: Coating increases the compressive strength of Equia Fil and Equia Forte Fil, but not significantly